Question 1

All viruses cause cancer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Under normal conditions,growth factors activate ________ and inactivate ________ genes.

Accepted Answer

proto-onco

Question 3

The p53 protein is a ________ because it halts the cell cycle and allows the cell to repair DNA damage.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The p53 protein is a ________ because...

Question 4

A cure for cancer would stop all cell division in an organism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

HeLa cells display a variety of abnormalities.Which is most associated with their ability to divide repeatedly?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cell line shows evidence of having been infected with HPV (human papillomavirus). 
B)  HeLa cells express the telomerase gene and are able to reconstruct the ends of their chromosomes after each round of cell division. 
C)  The cell line is quadraploid (having four sets of chromosomes)rather than diploid (having two sets of chromosomes)like all normal somatic cells. 
D)  The HeLa cell line was exposed to cosmic radiation prior to developing its unusual reproductive capabilities. 
A)  The cell line shows evidence of having been infected with HPV (human papillomavirus). 
B)  HeLa cells express the telomerase gene and are able to reconstruct the ends of their chromosomes after each round of cell division. 
C)  The cell line is quadraploid (having four sets of chromosomes)rather than diploid (having two sets of chromosomes)like all normal somatic cells. 
D)  The HeLa cell line was exposed to cosmic radiation prior to developing its unusual reproductive capabilities.

Question 6

A tumor cell has lost ________ when it breaks off from the primary tumor.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A tumor cell has lost ________ when...

Question 7

Even though all people are exposed to potential carcinogens on a daily basis,we do not all develop cancer.Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  The carcinogens are too weak to cause mutations in our DNA. 
B)  Human cells are resistant to carcinogens until we are approximately 50 years old. 
C)  DNA repair mechanisms are able to correct some of the mutations that occur. 
D)  Oncogenes protect cells from most carcinogen exposures. 
A)  The carcinogens are too weak to cause mutations in our DNA. 
B)  Human cells are resistant to carcinogens until we are approximately 50 years old. 
C)  DNA repair mechanisms are able to correct some of the mutations that occur. 
D)  Oncogenes protect cells from most carcinogen exposures.

Question 8

A pesticide was found to cause cancer in laboratory mice.Which of the following would be the most reasonable hypothesis to pursue?

Accepted Answer

A)  The pesticide mutates one copy of an oncogene to a proto-oncogene. 
B)  The pesticide mutates both copies of an oncogene to proto-oncogenes. 
C)  The pesticide mutates one copy of an oncogene to a proto-oncogene and one copy of a tumor suppressor gene to an inactive form. 
D)  The pesticide mutates both copies of a tumor suppressor gene to inactive forms. 
A)  The pesticide mutates one copy of an oncogene to a proto-oncogene. 
B)  The pesticide mutates both copies of an oncogene to proto-oncogenes. 
C)  The pesticide mutates one copy of an oncogene to a proto-oncogene and one copy of a tumor suppressor gene to an inactive form. 
D)  The pesticide mutates both copies of a tumor suppressor gene to inactive forms.

Question 9

Mutations cause only a few types of cancer.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

As indicated in the following diagram,in many human colon tumors,true malignancy is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  the loss of the TIP30 tumor suppressor gene. 
B)  the loss of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. 
C)  the loss of the APC tumor suppressor gene. 
D)  a mutation in the c-myc gene. 
A)  the loss of the TIP30 tumor suppressor gene. 
B)  the loss of the p53 tumor suppressor gene. 
C)  the loss of the APC tumor suppressor gene. 
D)  a mutation in the c-myc gene.

Question 11

Cancer in humans is caused

Accepted Answer

A)  only by environmental factors. 
B)  only by genetic factors. 
C)  by neither environmental nor genetic factors. 
D)  by both environmental and genetic factors. 
A)  only by environmental factors. 
B)  only by genetic factors. 
C)  by neither environmental nor genetic factors. 
D)  by both environmental and genetic factors.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT likely to cause a cell to become cancerous?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutation 
B)  meiosis 
C)  chemical pollutants 
D)  cigarette smoke 
A)  mutation 
B)  meiosis 
C)  chemical pollutants 
D)  cigarette smoke

Question 13

As an individual ages,cancer risk increases over the course of a life because

Accepted Answer

A)  telomerase enzyme accumulates. 
B)  inherited mutations accumulate. 
C)  somatic mutations accumulate. 
D)  growth factors accumulate. 
A)  telomerase enzyme accumulates. 
B)  inherited mutations accumulate. 
C)  somatic mutations accumulate. 
D)  growth factors accumulate.

Question 14

To be healthy,an organism must stop all cell division activities.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Genes that increase the rate of cell division are ________ growth regulators.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Genes that increase the rate of cell...

Question 16

Malignant colon cancer cells enter the bloodstream and move to the liver where they form ________ tumors.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Malignant colon cancer cells enter the bloodstream...

Question 17

If a cell's p53 genes are inactivated,the cell

Accepted Answer

A)  loses control over cell division. 
B)  no longer makes proto-oncogenes. 
C)  stops dividing. 
D)  activates tumor suppressors. 
A)  loses control over cell division. 
B)  no longer makes proto-oncogenes. 
C)  stops dividing. 
D)  activates tumor suppressors.

Question 18

If a normally dividing cell gains anchorage dependence,it will cause a secondary tumor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Examine the following graph.This graph shows that the

Accepted Answer

A)  rate of cancer diagnosis increases for both genders with increasing age. 
B)  mortality rate for cancer increases more rapidly in older men than in older women. 
C)  probability of acquiring cancer for both genders becomes greater than 50 percent after age 80. 
D)  majority of individuals living to age 80 or beyond will be diagnosed with cancer. 
A)  rate of cancer diagnosis increases for both genders with increasing age. 
B)  mortality rate for cancer increases more rapidly in older men than in older women. 
C)  probability of acquiring cancer for both genders becomes greater than 50 percent after age 80. 
D)  majority of individuals living to age 80 or beyond will be diagnosed with cancer.

Question 20

In colon cancer,the complete loss of function of the p53 gene requires

Accepted Answer

A)  a single mutation. 
B)  at least two mutations. 
C)  at least three mutations. 
D)  more than four mutations. 
A)  a single mutation. 
B)  at least two mutations. 
C)  at least three mutations. 
D)  more than four mutations.

Exam 8: Cancer and Human Health

All viruses cause cancer.

Under normal conditions,growth factors activate ________ and inactivate ________ genes.

The p53 protein is a ________ because it halts the cell cycle and allows the cell to repair DNA damage.

A cure for cancer would stop all cell division in an organism.

HeLa cells display a variety of abnormalities.Which is most associated with their ability to divide repeatedly?

A tumor cell has lost ________ when it breaks off from the primary tumor.

Even though all people are exposed to potential carcinogens on a daily basis,we do not all develop cancer.Why?

A pesticide was found to cause cancer in laboratory mice.Which of the following would be the most reasonable hypothesis to pursue?

Mutations cause only a few types of cancer.

As indicated in the following diagram,in many human colon tumors,true malignancy is the result of

Cancer in humans is caused

Which of the following is NOT likely to cause a cell to become cancerous?

As an individual ages,cancer risk increases over the course of a life because

To be healthy,an organism must stop all cell division activities.

Genes that increase the rate of cell division are ________ growth regulators.

Malignant colon cancer cells enter the bloodstream and move to the liver where they form ________ tumors.

If a cell's p53 genes are inactivated,the cell

If a normally dividing cell gains anchorage dependence,it will cause a secondary tumor.

Examine the following graph.This graph shows that the

In colon cancer,the complete loss of function of the p53 gene requires

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA and Genes

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Origin of Species

The Evolution of Biodiversity

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons,Muscles,and Movement

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

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Under normal conditions,growth factors activate and inactivate genes.