Question 1

All of the following features should be considered in a urinary tract infection (UTI) workup except:

Accepted Answer

A) colony count of a pure or predominant organism. 
B) measurement of pyuria. 
C) presence or absence of symptoms. 
D) nitrite positive. 
A) colony count of a pure or predominant organism. 
B) measurement of pyuria. 
C) presence or absence of symptoms. 
D) nitrite positive.

Question 2

What do specimens with multiple uropathogens (i.e., three or more) indicate?

Accepted Answer

A) Probable contamination 
B) Polymicrobial infection 
C) Bacteremia 
D) Septicemia 
A) Probable contamination 
B) Polymicrobial infection 
C) Bacteremia 
D) Septicemia

Question 3

The criteria used to determine the presence of a urinary tract infection (UTI) include all the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) presence or absence of symptoms. 
B) patient history. 
C) predisposing factors. 
D) the type of organism or organisms isolated. 
A) presence or absence of symptoms. 
B) patient history. 
C) predisposing factors. 
D) the type of organism or organisms isolated.

Question 4

What organisms usually cause urinary tract infections (UTIs) in older men in conjunction with prostatic hypertrophy?

Accepted Answer

A) Enterococcus spp. 
B) Staphylococcus epidermidis 
C) Streptococcus agalactiae 
D) Escherichia coli 
A) Enterococcus spp. 
B) Staphylococcus epidermidis 
C) Streptococcus agalactiae 
D) Escherichia coli

Question 5

What is the definitive method for collecting uncontaminated urine specimens?

Accepted Answer

A) Catheterized specimen 
B) Suprapubic aspirate 
C) First morning specimen 
D) Voided midstream specimen 
A) Catheterized specimen 
B) Suprapubic aspirate 
C) First morning specimen 
D) Voided midstream specimen

Question 6

What is the most common way for the renal parenchyma to become infected with gram-positive bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A) Ascending route 
B) Descending route 
C) Hematogenous route 
D) Poor personal hygiene 
A) Ascending route 
B) Descending route 
C) Hematogenous route 
D) Poor personal hygiene

Question 7

Urine cultures are performed for all the following reasons except to:

Accepted Answer

A) test for Chlamydia. 
B) confirm a cure. 
C) detect asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women. 
D) evaluate for bacteremia. 
A) test for Chlamydia. 
B) confirm a cure. 
C) detect asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnant women. 
D) evaluate for bacteremia.

Question 8

In what patient population is a colony count on a urine culture significant?

Accepted Answer

A) Young, sexually active women with cystitis 
B) Elderly men with prostatitis 
C) Asymptomatic individuals with pyelonephritis 
D) Elderly women with candiduria 
A) Young, sexually active women with cystitis 
B) Elderly men with prostatitis 
C) Asymptomatic individuals with pyelonephritis 
D) Elderly women with candiduria

Question 9

In what type of specimen is the etiologic agent of acute prostatitis usually recovered?

Accepted Answer

A) Voided midstream urine 
B) Suprapubic aspirate 
C) Straight catheterization 
D) All of the above 
A) Voided midstream urine 
B) Suprapubic aspirate 
C) Straight catheterization 
D) All of the above

Question 10

What characteristic of urine inhibits growth of many pathogens?

Accepted Answer

A) High glucose level 
B) Low pH 
C) High protein level 
D) High pH 
A) High glucose level 
B) Low pH 
C) High protein level 
D) High pH

Question 11

A young woman goes to her physician complaining of dysuria, frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain.A urinalysis shows hematuria, positive protein, positive leukocyte esterase, and a positive nitrite.What is a probable diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Pyelonephritis 
B) Bacteremia 
C) Urinary tract infection (UTI) 
D) Septicemia 
A) Pyelonephritis 
B) Bacteremia 
C) Urinary tract infection (UTI) 
D) Septicemia

Exam 37: Urinary Tract Infections

All of the following features should be considered in a urinary tract infection (UTI) workup except:

What do specimens with multiple uropathogens (i.e., three or more) indicate?

The criteria used to determine the presence of a urinary tract infection (UTI) include all the following except:

What organisms usually cause urinary tract infections (UTIs) in older men in conjunction with prostatic hypertrophy?

What is the definitive method for collecting uncontaminated urine specimens?

What is the most common way for the renal parenchyma to become infected with gram-positive bacteria?

Urine cultures are performed for all the following reasons except to:

In what patient population is a colony count on a urine culture significant?

In what type of specimen is the etiologic agent of acute prostatitis usually recovered?

What characteristic of urine inhibits growth of many pathogens?

A young woman goes to her physician complaining of dysuria, frequency, urgency, and suprapubic pain.A urinalysis shows hematuria, positive protein, positive leukocyte esterase, and a positive nitrite.What is a probable diagnosis?

Bacterial Cell Structure, Physiology, Metabolism, and Genetics

Host-Parasite Interaction

The Laboratory Role in Infection Control

Control of Microorganisms

Performance Improvement in the Microbiology Laboratory

Specimen Collection and Processing

Microscopic Examination of Materials From Infected Sites

Use of Colony Morphology for the Presumptive Identification of Microorganisms

Biochemical Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria

Immunodiagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Applications of Molecular Diagnostics

Antimicrobial Agent Mechanisms of Action and Resistance

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococci

Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Other Catalase-Negative, Gram-Positive Cocci

Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

Neisseria Species and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Haemophilus and Other Fastidious Gram-Negative Bacilli

Enterobacteriaceae

Vibrio, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas, and Campylobacter Species

Nonfermenting and Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli

Anaerobes of Clinical Importance

The Spirochetes

Chlamydia, Rickettsia and Similar Organisms

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

Medically Significant Fungi

Diagnostic Parasitology

Clinical Virology

Agents of Bioterror and Forensic Microbiology

Biofilms: Architects of Disease

Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Poisoning

Infections of the Central Nervous System

Bacteremia and Sepsis

Genital Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Infections in Special Populations

Zoonotic Diseases

Ocular Infections

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