Question 1

To which bacteria are people with C3 deficiency particularly susceptible?

Accepted Answer

A) Staphylococcus aureus 
B) Toxoplasma gondii 
C) Listeria monocytogenes 
D) Streptococcus pneumoniae 
A) Staphylococcus aureus 
B) Toxoplasma gondii 
C) Listeria monocytogenes 
D) Streptococcus pneumoniae A

Question 2

Cancer chemotherapy does all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) inhibit inflammation. 
B) reduce capillary permeability. 
C) decrease cellular exudation. 
D) inhibit neutrophils ability to destroy bacteria. 
A) inhibit inflammation. 
B) reduce capillary permeability. 
C) decrease cellular exudation. 
D) inhibit neutrophils ability to destroy bacteria. D

Question 3

Which of the following immune mechanisms may be decreased in patients with malignancy?

Accepted Answer

A) Cell-mediated immune response 
B) Antibody production 
C) Mucous membranes barriers 
D) All of the above 
A) Cell-mediated immune response 
B) Antibody production 
C) Mucous membranes barriers 
D) All of the above D

Question 4

All of the following immune defense mechanisms are depressed in burn patients except:

Accepted Answer

A) humoral defense mechanisms. 
B) complement activity. 
C) cell-mediated defenses. 
D) IgG. 
A) humoral defense mechanisms. 
B) complement activity. 
C) cell-mediated defenses. 
D) IgG.

Question 5

What are patients called who have a serious disease and who are highly predisposed to infections by a variety of opportunistic bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral pathogens?

Accepted Answer

A) Elderly compromised 
B) Immunocompromised 
C) Defective responders 
D) Extraneous responders 
A) Elderly compromised 
B) Immunocompromised 
C) Defective responders 
D) Extraneous responders

Question 6

Patients with granulocyte (neutrophil) counts below _____ cells/mm³ are at a significant risk for developing an infection along with a high rate of mortality.

Accepted Answer

A) 50,000 
B) 10,000 
C) 5,000 
D) 1,000 
A) 50,000 
B) 10,000 
C) 5,000 
D) 1,000

Question 7

All of the following factors contribute to an increased risk of infection except:

Accepted Answer

A) low leukocyte numbers. 
B) decrease in cellular immune function. 
C) splenectomy. 
D) high levels of immunoglobulins. 
A) low leukocyte numbers. 
B) decrease in cellular immune function. 
C) splenectomy. 
D) high levels of immunoglobulins.

Question 8

What two parasitic agents commonly affect patients with malignancy?

Accepted Answer

A) Giardia lamblia and Listeria monocytogenes 
B) Strongyloides stercoralis and Giardia lamblia 
C) Pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii) and Toxoplasma gondii 
D) Toxoplasma gondii and Wuchereria bancrofti 
A) Giardia lamblia and Listeria monocytogenes 
B) Strongyloides stercoralis and Giardia lamblia 
C) Pneumocystis jirovecii (carinii) and Toxoplasma gondii 
D) Toxoplasma gondii and Wuchereria bancrofti

Question 9

Patients with hematologic malignancies and those who have undergone surgery for tumors involving the head and spine may be at risk for developing:

Accepted Answer

A) meningitis. 
B) septicemia. 
C) pneumonia. 
D) osteomyelitis. 
A) meningitis. 
B) septicemia. 
C) pneumonia. 
D) osteomyelitis.

Question 10

When a child with cancer contracts cytomegalovirus (CMV), how does it manifest?

Accepted Answer

A) Renal failure 
B) Pneumonia 
C) Septicemia 
D) Meningitis 
A) Renal failure 
B) Pneumonia 
C) Septicemia 
D) Meningitis

Question 11

What condition is most likely to occur in patients with severe neutropenia?

Accepted Answer

A) Pneumonia 
B) Bronchitis 
C) Meningitis 
D) Septicemia 
A) Pneumonia 
B) Bronchitis 
C) Meningitis 
D) Septicemia

Question 12

Postsplenectomy patients are more susceptible to infections with all the following agents except:

Accepted Answer

A) Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
B) Haemophilus influenzae. 
C) Neisseria meningitidis. 
D) Staphylococcus aureus. 
A) Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
B) Haemophilus influenzae. 
C) Neisseria meningitidis. 
D) Staphylococcus aureus.

Question 13

In which disease do we see a decrease in the number and function of neutrophils, including the inability to migrate to sites of inflammation, impaired phagocytosis, and reduced killing of ingested organisms, placing these patients at higher risk of infection?

Accepted Answer

A) Anemia 
B) Hypogammaglobulinemia 
C) Hodgkin's disease 
D) Hypergammaglobulinemia 
A) Anemia 
B) Hypogammaglobulinemia 
C) Hodgkin's disease 
D) Hypergammaglobulinemia

Question 14

All of the following are often associated with immunosuppression except:

Accepted Answer

A) HIV infection. 
B) acute leukemia. 
C) anemia. 
D) chemotherapy. 
A) HIV infection. 
B) acute leukemia. 
C) anemia. 
D) chemotherapy.

Question 15

The primary cause of immunodeficiency in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) due to HIV is because of the virus' focused attack on which of the following cell types?

Accepted Answer

A) Granulocytes 
B) Helper T cells 
C) Macrophages 
D) Stem cells 
A) Granulocytes 
B) Helper T cells 
C) Macrophages 
D) Stem cells

Question 16

Which organism accounts for up to 45% of interstitial pneumonia cases in cancer patients?

Accepted Answer

A) Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
B) Staphylococcus aureus 
C) Pneumocystis jirovecii 
D) Streptococcus pneumoniae 
A) Pseudomonas aeruginosa 
B) Staphylococcus aureus 
C) Pneumocystis jirovecii 
D) Streptococcus pneumoniae

Question 17

Patients who have undergone organ transplant surgery may develop opportunistic infections 1 to 6 months after surgery caused by any of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) Staphylococcus aureus. 
B) varicella-zoster virus. 
C) influenzae virus. 
D) hepatitis virus. 
A) Staphylococcus aureus. 
B) varicella-zoster virus. 
C) influenzae virus. 
D) hepatitis virus.

Question 18

The host natural defense system includes all of the following parts except:

Accepted Answer

A) adaptive immune system. 
B) innate immune system. 
C) acquired immune system. 
D) nonspecific general barriers. 
A) adaptive immune system. 
B) innate immune system. 
C) acquired immune system. 
D) nonspecific general barriers.

Question 19

What is usually the leading cause of death in immunocompromised patients?

Accepted Answer

A) HIV 
B) Hepatitis C 
C) Infections 
D) Congestive heart failure 
A) HIV 
B) Hepatitis C 
C) Infections 
D) Congestive heart failure

Question 20

Organisms that are commonly associated with ventilator-associated pneumonia include:

Accepted Answer

A) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
B) Streptococcus pyogenes. 
C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 
D) Clostridium difficile. 
A) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
B) Streptococcus pyogenes. 
C) Mycobacterium tuberculosis. 
D) Clostridium difficile.

Exam 39: Infections in Special Populations

To which bacteria are people with C3 deficiency particularly susceptible?

Cancer chemotherapy does all of the following except:

Which of the following immune mechanisms may be decreased in patients with malignancy?

All of the following immune defense mechanisms are depressed in burn patients except:

What are patients called who have a serious disease and who are highly predisposed to infections by a variety of opportunistic bacterial, fungal, parasitic, and viral pathogens?

Patients with granulocyte (neutrophil) counts below _____ cells/mm³ are at a significant risk for developing an infection along with a high rate of mortality.

All of the following factors contribute to an increased risk of infection except:

What two parasitic agents commonly affect patients with malignancy?

Patients with hematologic malignancies and those who have undergone surgery for tumors involving the head and spine may be at risk for developing:

When a child with cancer contracts cytomegalovirus (CMV), how does it manifest?

What condition is most likely to occur in patients with severe neutropenia?

Postsplenectomy patients are more susceptible to infections with all the following agents except:

In which disease do we see a decrease in the number and function of neutrophils, including the inability to migrate to sites of inflammation, impaired phagocytosis, and reduced killing of ingested organisms, placing these patients at higher risk of infection?

All of the following are often associated with immunosuppression except:

The primary cause of immunodeficiency in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) due to HIV is because of the virus' focused attack on which of the following cell types?

Which organism accounts for up to 45% of interstitial pneumonia cases in cancer patients?

Patients who have undergone organ transplant surgery may develop opportunistic infections 1 to 6 months after surgery caused by any of the following except:

The host natural defense system includes all of the following parts except:

What is usually the leading cause of death in immunocompromised patients?

Organisms that are commonly associated with ventilator-associated pneumonia include:

Bacterial Cell Structure, Physiology, Metabolism, and Genetics

Host-Parasite Interaction

The Laboratory Role in Infection Control

Control of Microorganisms

Performance Improvement in the Microbiology Laboratory

Specimen Collection and Processing

Microscopic Examination of Materials From Infected Sites

Use of Colony Morphology for the Presumptive Identification of Microorganisms

Biochemical Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria

Immunodiagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Applications of Molecular Diagnostics

Antimicrobial Agent Mechanisms of Action and Resistance

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococci

Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Other Catalase-Negative, Gram-Positive Cocci

Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

Neisseria Species and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Haemophilus and Other Fastidious Gram-Negative Bacilli

Enterobacteriaceae

Vibrio, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas, and Campylobacter Species

Nonfermenting and Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli

Anaerobes of Clinical Importance

The Spirochetes

Chlamydia, Rickettsia and Similar Organisms

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

Medically Significant Fungi

Diagnostic Parasitology

Clinical Virology

Agents of Bioterror and Forensic Microbiology

Biofilms: Architects of Disease

Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Poisoning

Infections of the Central Nervous System

Bacteremia and Sepsis

Urinary Tract Infections

Genital Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Zoonotic Diseases

Ocular Infections

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