Question 1

What type of meningitis is usually uncomplicated and resolves in 2 to 7 days?

Accepted Answer

A) Septic meningitis 
B) Enteroviral 
C) Bacterial 
D) Meningococcal 
A) Septic meningitis 
B) Enteroviral 
C) Bacterial 
D) Meningococcal B

Question 2

What enterovirus is commonly associated with neurologic illness?

Accepted Answer

A) Coxsackievirus B 
B) Parvovirus 
C) Herpesvirus 1 
D) Calicivirus A 
A) Coxsackievirus B 
B) Parvovirus 
C) Herpesvirus 1 
D) Calicivirus A A

Question 3

What is the volume of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an average adult?

Accepted Answer

A) 90 to 150 mL 
B) 15 to 45 mL 
C) 40 to 80 mL 
D) 200 to 300 mL 
A) 90 to 150 mL 
B) 15 to 45 mL 
C) 40 to 80 mL 
D) 200 to 300 mL A

Question 4

Diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) infections is based on:

Accepted Answer

A) neurologic symptoms. 
B) physical symptoms. 
C) history. 
D) laboratory examination of CSF. 
A) neurologic symptoms. 
B) physical symptoms. 
C) history. 
D) laboratory examination of CSF.

Question 5

All of the following are important arboviruses except:

Accepted Answer

A) alphaviruses (Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses, eastern equine encephalitis, and western equine encephalitis). 
B) St.Louis encephalitis virus. 
C) La Crosse virus. 
D) Lassa fever virus. 
A) alphaviruses (Venezuelan equine encephalitis viruses, eastern equine encephalitis, and western equine encephalitis). 
B) St.Louis encephalitis virus. 
C) La Crosse virus. 
D) Lassa fever virus.

Question 6

Common arborviruses that cause meningitis include all the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) St.Louis encephalitis virus. 
B) La Crosse virus. 
C) Venezuelan equine encephalitis. 
D) West Nile virus. 
A) St.Louis encephalitis virus. 
B) La Crosse virus. 
C) Venezuelan equine encephalitis. 
D) West Nile virus.

Question 7

What is the first step in developing meningitis?

Accepted Answer

A) A cold that compromises your immune system 
B) Living in close quarters, like military barracks or a college dorm 
C) Poor sanitary conditions 
D) Nasopharyngeal colonization by a meningeal pathogen 
A) A cold that compromises your immune system 
B) Living in close quarters, like military barracks or a college dorm 
C) Poor sanitary conditions 
D) Nasopharyngeal colonization by a meningeal pathogen

Question 8

What virus, spread by the mosquito, causes a typically self-limiting illness, but can be associated with a rash, aseptic meningitis, myelitis, and fatal encephalitis?

Accepted Answer

A) West Nile virus 
B) Eastern equine encephalitis 
C) Colorado tick fever 
D) Venezuelan equine encephalitis 
A) West Nile virus 
B) Eastern equine encephalitis 
C) Colorado tick fever 
D) Venezuelan equine encephalitis

Question 9

A teenager and her friends go to the lake and spend the day swimming and picnicking.Later that evening, she starts to feel sick.She complains of a headache and general malaise.The next morning, she is very ill and is rushed to the emergency department.Many neurologic changes are noted.Despite the staff's best efforts, the teenager dies.Autopsy reveals the presence of small protozoans in her brain tissue.What is the most probable organism that caused her death?

Accepted Answer

A) Acanthamoeba spp. 
B) Naegleria fowleri 
C) Balamuthia mandrillaris 
D) Angiostrongylus cantonensis 
A) Acanthamoeba spp. 
B) Naegleria fowleri 
C) Balamuthia mandrillaris 
D) Angiostrongylus cantonensis

Question 10

What are the most common bacteria isolated from nontraumatic brain abscesses?

Accepted Answer

A) Staphylococcus 
B) Enteric gram-negative rods 
C) Streptococcus 
D) Clostridium 
A) Staphylococcus 
B) Enteric gram-negative rods 
C) Streptococcus 
D) Clostridium

Question 11

A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample collected from a child yields the following results: turbid and cloudy, very high total protein levels, and very low glucose levels.What would the probable diagnosis be?

Accepted Answer

A) Bacterial meningitis 
B) Aseptic meningitis 
C) Encephalitis 
D) Brain abscess 
A) Bacterial meningitis 
B) Aseptic meningitis 
C) Encephalitis 
D) Brain abscess

Question 12

What organism is a common cause of meningitis in neonates and infants up to 3 months of age and can be contracted by passing through the birth canal?

Accepted Answer

A) Streptococcus pneumoniae 
B) Streptococcus agalactiae 
C) Haemophilus influenzae 
D) Neisseria meningitidis 
A) Streptococcus pneumoniae 
B) Streptococcus agalactiae 
C) Haemophilus influenzae 
D) Neisseria meningitidis

Question 13

What virus is an uncommon cause of aseptic meningitis that can be acquired from dust or food contaminated with urine or feces from infected rodents and hamsters?

Accepted Answer

A) Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus 
B) Epstein-Barr virus 
C) Guillain-Barré virus 
D) Astrovirus 
A) Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus 
B) Epstein-Barr virus 
C) Guillain-Barré virus 
D) Astrovirus

Question 14

What fungus causes chronic meningitis in HIV patients?

Accepted Answer

A) Cryptococcus neoformans 
B) Coccidioides immitis 
C) Candida albicans 
D) Histoplasma capsulatum 
A) Cryptococcus neoformans 
B) Coccidioides immitis 
C) Candida albicans 
D) Histoplasma capsulatum

Question 15

What condition is characterized by lymphocytic pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) but a lack of identifiable organism after routine culture and Gram stain?

Accepted Answer

A) Purulent meningitis 
B) Septic meningitis 
C) Aseptic meningitis 
D) Malignant meningitis 
A) Purulent meningitis 
B) Septic meningitis 
C) Aseptic meningitis 
D) Malignant meningitis

Question 16

All the following viruses can resist inactivation by gastric acid except:

Accepted Answer

A) enteroviruses. 
B) adenoviruses. 
C) parvovirus. 
D) herpesvirus. 
A) enteroviruses. 
B) adenoviruses. 
C) parvovirus. 
D) herpesvirus.

Question 17

All of the following are common fungal causes of central nervous system (CNS) infection except:

Accepted Answer

A) Cryptococcus neoformans. 
B) Coccidioides immitis. 
C) Candida albicans. 
D) Histoplasma capsulatum. 
A) Cryptococcus neoformans. 
B) Coccidioides immitis. 
C) Candida albicans. 
D) Histoplasma capsulatum.

Question 18

From where do most cerebral abscesses spread?

Accepted Answer

A) Middle ear infections 
B) Mastoiditis 
C) Paranasal sinus infections 
D) All of the above 
A) Middle ear infections 
B) Mastoiditis 
C) Paranasal sinus infections 
D) All of the above

Question 19

All of the following organisms commonly cause meningitis except:

Accepted Answer

A) Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
B) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
C) Haemophilus influenzae. 
D) Neisseria meningitidis. 
A) Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
B) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
C) Haemophilus influenzae. 
D) Neisseria meningitidis.

Question 20

What is a common neurologic complication with the mumps?

Accepted Answer

A) Encephalitis 
B) Meningoencephalitis 
C) Viremia 
D) Aseptic meningitis 
A) Encephalitis 
B) Meningoencephalitis 
C) Viremia 
D) Aseptic meningitis

Exam 35: Infections of the Central Nervous System

What type of meningitis is usually uncomplicated and resolves in 2 to 7 days?

What enterovirus is commonly associated with neurologic illness?

What is the volume of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in an average adult?

Diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) infections is based on:

All of the following are important arboviruses except:

Common arborviruses that cause meningitis include all the following except:

What is the first step in developing meningitis?

What virus, spread by the mosquito, causes a typically self-limiting illness, but can be associated with a rash, aseptic meningitis, myelitis, and fatal encephalitis?

What are the most common bacteria isolated from nontraumatic brain abscesses?

A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sample collected from a child yields the following results: turbid and cloudy, very high total protein levels, and very low glucose levels.What would the probable diagnosis be?

What organism is a common cause of meningitis in neonates and infants up to 3 months of age and can be contracted by passing through the birth canal?

What virus is an uncommon cause of aseptic meningitis that can be acquired from dust or food contaminated with urine or feces from infected rodents and hamsters?

What fungus causes chronic meningitis in HIV patients?

What condition is characterized by lymphocytic pleocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) but a lack of identifiable organism after routine culture and Gram stain?

All the following viruses can resist inactivation by gastric acid except:

All of the following are common fungal causes of central nervous system (CNS) infection except:

From where do most cerebral abscesses spread?

All of the following organisms commonly cause meningitis except:

What is a common neurologic complication with the mumps?

Bacterial Cell Structure, Physiology, Metabolism, and Genetics

Host-Parasite Interaction

The Laboratory Role in Infection Control

Control of Microorganisms

Performance Improvement in the Microbiology Laboratory

Specimen Collection and Processing

Microscopic Examination of Materials From Infected Sites

Use of Colony Morphology for the Presumptive Identification of Microorganisms

Biochemical Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria

Immunodiagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Applications of Molecular Diagnostics

Antimicrobial Agent Mechanisms of Action and Resistance

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococci

Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Other Catalase-Negative, Gram-Positive Cocci

Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

Neisseria Species and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Haemophilus and Other Fastidious Gram-Negative Bacilli

Enterobacteriaceae

Vibrio, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas, and Campylobacter Species

Nonfermenting and Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli

Anaerobes of Clinical Importance

The Spirochetes

Chlamydia, Rickettsia and Similar Organisms

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

Medically Significant Fungi

Diagnostic Parasitology

Clinical Virology

Agents of Bioterror and Forensic Microbiology

Biofilms: Architects of Disease

Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Poisoning

Bacteremia and Sepsis

Urinary Tract Infections

Genital Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Infections in Special Populations

Zoonotic Diseases

Ocular Infections

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