Question 1

What condition leads to most (75%) of the cases of bacteremia arising from intra-abdominal infections?

Accepted Answer

A) Pleurisy 
B) Cholecystitis 
C) Peritonitis 
D) Irritable bowel syndrome 
A) Pleurisy 
B) Cholecystitis 
C) Peritonitis 
D) Irritable bowel syndrome

Question 2

All of the following organisms are common causes of pneumonia and which typically produce a concurrent bacteremia except:

Accepted Answer

A) Enterobacter aerogenes. 
B) Escherichia coli. 
C) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
D) Staphylococcus aureus. 
A) Enterobacter aerogenes. 
B) Escherichia coli. 
C) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
D) Staphylococcus aureus.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a secondary bacteremia source?

Accepted Answer

A) An infected cardiac valve 
B) The lung 
C) An infected intravenous catheter 
D) The bone marrow 
A) An infected cardiac valve 
B) The lung 
C) An infected intravenous catheter 
D) The bone marrow

Question 4

What are two potential consequences of bacteremia?

Accepted Answer

A) Endocarditis and meningitis 
B) Meningitis and encephalitis 
C) Encephalitis and hepatitis 
D) Sepsis and septic shock 
A) Endocarditis and meningitis 
B) Meningitis and encephalitis 
C) Encephalitis and hepatitis 
D) Sepsis and septic shock

Question 5

The patient's immune system attempts to control infection via which of the following mechanisms?

Accepted Answer

A) Antibodies 
B) Complement activation 
C) Phagocytosis 
D) All of the above 
A) Antibodies 
B) Complement activation 
C) Phagocytosis 
D) All of the above

Question 6

What type of a medical implant device is commonly associated with osteomyelitis, which will then lead to bacteremia?

Accepted Answer

A) Prosthetic joints 
B) Stainless steel rods 
C) Orthopedic screws 
D) Orthopedic plates 
A) Prosthetic joints 
B) Stainless steel rods 
C) Orthopedic screws 
D) Orthopedic plates

Question 7

Bacteremias are least often associated with which of the following patient conditions?

Accepted Answer

A) Patients with hematologic malignancies 
B) Those undergoing elective outpatient surgical procedures 
C) Those receiving immunosuppressive chemotherapy 
D) Patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation 
A) Patients with hematologic malignancies 
B) Those undergoing elective outpatient surgical procedures 
C) Those receiving immunosuppressive chemotherapy 
D) Patients undergoing bone marrow transplantation

Question 8

Abnormal conditions that may indicate the presence of bacteremia include all the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) disseminated intravascular coagulation (DI
C) . 
B) thrombocytopenia. 
C) coagulopathy. 
D) anemia. 
A) disseminated intravascular coagulation (DI
C) . 
B) thrombocytopenia. 
C) coagulopathy. 
D) anemia.

Question 9

Bacteremias can be classified by all of the following categories except:

Accepted Answer

A) microbiology. 
B) acquisition. 
C) pathogenesis. 
D) duration. 
A) microbiology. 
B) acquisition. 
C) pathogenesis. 
D) duration.

Question 10

What underlying condition predisposes a person to a polymicrobial bacteremia?

Accepted Answer

A) Intravenous drug use 
B) Burns 
C) Gastrointestinal tract sources 
D) All of the above 
A) Intravenous drug use 
B) Burns 
C) Gastrointestinal tract sources 
D) All of the above

Question 11

How does a biofilm protect the organism from host defenses?

Accepted Answer

A) By inhibiting phagocytosis 
B) By inhibiting chemotaxis 
C) By suppressing the lymphoproliferative response 
D) All of the above 
A) By inhibiting phagocytosis 
B) By inhibiting chemotaxis 
C) By suppressing the lymphoproliferative response 
D) All of the above

Question 12

The most common sites associated with bacteremia and sepsis include all the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) reproductive organs. 
B) infected intravascular catheters. 
C) the lung. 
D) the abdomen. 
A) reproductive organs. 
B) infected intravascular catheters. 
C) the lung. 
D) the abdomen.

Question 13

How long are conventional (manually processed) blood cultures held before being discarded as negative?

Accepted Answer

A) 4 days 
B) 7 days 
C) 14 days 
D) 21 days 
A) 4 days 
B) 7 days 
C) 14 days 
D) 21 days

Exam 36: Bacteremia and Sepsis

What condition leads to most (75%) of the cases of bacteremia arising from intra-abdominal infections?

All of the following organisms are common causes of pneumonia and which typically produce a concurrent bacteremia except:

Which of the following is an example of a secondary bacteremia source?

What are two potential consequences of bacteremia?

The patient's immune system attempts to control infection via which of the following mechanisms?

What type of a medical implant device is commonly associated with osteomyelitis, which will then lead to bacteremia?

Bacteremias are least often associated with which of the following patient conditions?

Abnormal conditions that may indicate the presence of bacteremia include all the following except:

Bacteremias can be classified by all of the following categories except:

What underlying condition predisposes a person to a polymicrobial bacteremia?

How does a biofilm protect the organism from host defenses?

The most common sites associated with bacteremia and sepsis include all the following except:

How long are conventional (manually processed) blood cultures held before being discarded as negative?

Bacterial Cell Structure, Physiology, Metabolism, and Genetics

Host-Parasite Interaction

The Laboratory Role in Infection Control

Control of Microorganisms

Performance Improvement in the Microbiology Laboratory

Specimen Collection and Processing

Microscopic Examination of Materials From Infected Sites

Use of Colony Morphology for the Presumptive Identification of Microorganisms

Biochemical Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria

Immunodiagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Applications of Molecular Diagnostics

Antimicrobial Agent Mechanisms of Action and Resistance

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococci

Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Other Catalase-Negative, Gram-Positive Cocci

Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

Neisseria Species and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Haemophilus and Other Fastidious Gram-Negative Bacilli

Enterobacteriaceae

Vibrio, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas, and Campylobacter Species

Nonfermenting and Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli

Anaerobes of Clinical Importance

The Spirochetes

Chlamydia, Rickettsia and Similar Organisms

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

Medically Significant Fungi

Diagnostic Parasitology

Clinical Virology

Agents of Bioterror and Forensic Microbiology

Biofilms: Architects of Disease

Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Poisoning

Infections of the Central Nervous System

Urinary Tract Infections

Genital Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Infections in Special Populations

Zoonotic Diseases

Ocular Infections

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