Question 1

Nosocomial pneumonia are commonly caused by all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
C) Acinetobacter baumannii. 
D) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRS
A) . 
A) Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae. 
C) Acinetobacter baumannii. 
D) methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRS
A) .

Question 2

What is the most common complication of pertussis?

Accepted Answer

A) Otitis media 
B) Pneumonia 
C) Acute sinusitis 
D) Streptococcal pharyngitis 
A) Otitis media 
B) Pneumonia 
C) Acute sinusitis 
D) Streptococcal pharyngitis

Question 3

Which of the immunocompromised circumstances listed here is a form of functional immunodeficiency?

Accepted Answer

A) Sex 
B) Age 
C) Chronic illness 
D) Pregnancy 
A) Sex 
B) Age 
C) Chronic illness 
D) Pregnancy

Question 4

What organisms are most frequently isolated from cultures of individuals with otitis media?

Accepted Answer

A) Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli 
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae 
C) S.pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae 
D) H.influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis 
A) Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli 
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae 
C) S.pneumoniae and Mycoplasma pneumoniae 
D) H.influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis

Question 5

How is acute bronchitis differentiated from acute pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

A) The degree and extent of involvement of the lower respiratory tract with the infectious process 
B) The involvement of the bronchial tree with the infectious process 
C) The degree of obstruction of the alveoli with the purulent secretions 
D) The amount of mucus secretion produced by the lower respiratory tract 
A) The degree and extent of involvement of the lower respiratory tract with the infectious process 
B) The involvement of the bronchial tree with the infectious process 
C) The degree of obstruction of the alveoli with the purulent secretions 
D) The amount of mucus secretion produced by the lower respiratory tract

Question 6

What is the most common localized infection of the upper respiratory tract in preschool-age patients?

Accepted Answer

A) Orbital cellulitis 
B) Acute sinusitis 
C) Otitis media 
D) Mastoiditis 
A) Orbital cellulitis 
B) Acute sinusitis 
C) Otitis media 
D) Mastoiditis

Question 7

When reading culture plates from respiratory specimens, what must the microbiologist take into consideration?

Accepted Answer

A) The types of organisms normally found at the culture site 
B) The amount of media inoculated 
C) The quality control performed on the media 
D) The patient's physician 
A) The types of organisms normally found at the culture site 
B) The amount of media inoculated 
C) The quality control performed on the media 
D) The patient's physician

Question 8

Why do most physicians treat otitis media empirically instead of obtaining cultures before prescribing antibiotics?

Accepted Answer

A) It is hard to hard to obtain cultures from children. 
B) Cultures do not always correlate with the true pathogen. 
C) Pathogens causing otitis media never become resistant to antibiotics. 
D) The predominant infection causing organisms are known. 
A) It is hard to hard to obtain cultures from children. 
B) Cultures do not always correlate with the true pathogen. 
C) Pathogens causing otitis media never become resistant to antibiotics. 
D) The predominant infection causing organisms are known.

Question 9

What common condition will predispose individuals to acute sinusitis?

Accepted Answer

A) Cold sores 
B) Ear infections 
C) Nosebleeds 
D) Allergies 
A) Cold sores 
B) Ear infections 
C) Nosebleeds 
D) Allergies

Question 10

What is the cause of reduced clearance of respiratory secretions that predisposes people to respiratory infections?

Accepted Answer

A) Obstruction of a foreign body 
B) Alterations in the viscosity of the mucus 
C) Immature anatomic development 
D) All of the above 
A) Obstruction of a foreign body 
B) Alterations in the viscosity of the mucus 
C) Immature anatomic development 
D) All of the above

Question 11

The clinical picture of this condition includes an incubation period of 2 to 10 days, fever, with or without cough, and dyspnea.The condition may resolve or progress to a more severe form.What is this condition?

Accepted Answer

A) Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 
B) Streptococcal pneumonia 
C) Viral pneumonia 
D) Viral bronchitis 
A) Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) 
B) Streptococcal pneumonia 
C) Viral pneumonia 
D) Viral bronchitis

Question 12

What bacteria may cause up to 50% of all cases of pneumonia in the summer months?

Accepted Answer

A) Mycoplasma pneumoniae 
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae 
C) Klebsiella pneumoniae 
D) Haemophilus influenzae 
A) Mycoplasma pneumoniae 
B) Streptococcus pneumoniae 
C) Klebsiella pneumoniae 
D) Haemophilus influenzae

Question 13

Chronic pneumonia is a:

Accepted Answer

A) viral pneumonia that lasts for months. 
B) pneumonia that is caused by a slow-growing bacteria such as Bacillus anthracis and takes months to resolve. 
C) bacterial pneumonia that becomes resistant to antibiotic therapy. 
D) pneumonia that appears to resolve clinically, but where radiographic lung abnormalities persist for a long period. 
A) viral pneumonia that lasts for months. 
B) pneumonia that is caused by a slow-growing bacteria such as Bacillus anthracis and takes months to resolve. 
C) bacterial pneumonia that becomes resistant to antibiotic therapy. 
D) pneumonia that appears to resolve clinically, but where radiographic lung abnormalities persist for a long period.

Exam 32: Upper and Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Nosocomial pneumonia are commonly caused by all of the following except:

What is the most common complication of pertussis?

Which of the immunocompromised circumstances listed here is a form of functional immunodeficiency?

What organisms are most frequently isolated from cultures of individuals with otitis media?

How is acute bronchitis differentiated from acute pneumonia?

What is the most common localized infection of the upper respiratory tract in preschool-age patients?

When reading culture plates from respiratory specimens, what must the microbiologist take into consideration?

Why do most physicians treat otitis media empirically instead of obtaining cultures before prescribing antibiotics?

What common condition will predispose individuals to acute sinusitis?

What is the cause of reduced clearance of respiratory secretions that predisposes people to respiratory infections?

The clinical picture of this condition includes an incubation period of 2 to 10 days, fever, with or without cough, and dyspnea.The condition may resolve or progress to a more severe form.What is this condition?

What bacteria may cause up to 50% of all cases of pneumonia in the summer months?

Chronic pneumonia is a:

Bacterial Cell Structure, Physiology, Metabolism, and Genetics

Host-Parasite Interaction

The Laboratory Role in Infection Control

Control of Microorganisms

Performance Improvement in the Microbiology Laboratory

Specimen Collection and Processing

Microscopic Examination of Materials From Infected Sites

Use of Colony Morphology for the Presumptive Identification of Microorganisms

Biochemical Identification of Gram-Negative Bacteria

Immunodiagnosis of Infectious Diseases

Applications of Molecular Diagnostics

Antimicrobial Agent Mechanisms of Action and Resistance

Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing

Staphylococci

Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Other Catalase-Negative, Gram-Positive Cocci

Aerobic Gram-Positive Bacilli

Neisseria Species and Moraxella Catarrhalis

Haemophilus and Other Fastidious Gram-Negative Bacilli

Enterobacteriaceae

Vibrio, Aeromonas, Plesiomonas, and Campylobacter Species

Nonfermenting and Miscellaneous Gram-Negative Bacilli

Anaerobes of Clinical Importance

The Spirochetes

Chlamydia, Rickettsia and Similar Organisms

Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma

Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

Medically Significant Fungi

Diagnostic Parasitology

Clinical Virology

Agents of Bioterror and Forensic Microbiology

Biofilms: Architects of Disease

Skin and Soft Tissue Infections

Gastrointestinal Infections and Food Poisoning

Infections of the Central Nervous System

Bacteremia and Sepsis

Urinary Tract Infections

Genital Infections and Sexually Transmitted Diseases

Infections in Special Populations

Zoonotic Diseases

Ocular Infections

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