Question 1

The figure below shows the cellular basis of extension of a fungal hypha. Which of the following is labeled correctly?

Accepted Answer

A)  A-apical growth zone 
B)  B-absorption zone 
C)  C-vesicles 
D)  D-apical growth zone 
E)  E-storage zone 
A)  A-apical growth zone 
B)  B-absorption zone 
C)  C-vesicles 
D)  D-apical growth zone 
E)  E-storage zone

Question 2

Ameboid movement is produced by

Accepted Answer

A)  cytoplasmic streaming into the extending pseudopodia. 
B)  paired flagella formations extending off the cell membrane. 
C)  cilia structures surrounding the cell. 
D)  regulation of osmotic and gas vacuoles within the cytoplasm. 
E)  barophilic pumps within the cell membrane. 
A)  cytoplasmic streaming into the extending pseudopodia. 
B)  paired flagella formations extending off the cell membrane. 
C)  cilia structures surrounding the cell. 
D)  regulation of osmotic and gas vacuoles within the cytoplasm. 
E)  barophilic pumps within the cell membrane.

Question 3

The oomycete ("water fungus") ________ caused the Great Irish Famine in the 1840s.

Accepted Answer

A)  Opalina sp. 
B)  Tinea pedis 
C)  Phytophthora infestans 
D)  Amanita muscaria 
E)  Histoplasma capsulatum 
A)  Opalina sp. 
B)  Tinea pedis 
C)  Phytophthora infestans 
D)  Amanita muscaria 
E)  Histoplasma capsulatum

Question 4

Plasmodium falciparum is a(n) ________ and is transmitted to the human host by the bite of a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Apicomplexan; mosquito 
B)  type of Trypanosome; tsetse fly 
C)  Apicomplexan; reduviid bug 
D)  type of Trypanosome; mosquito 
E)  Apicomplexan; sand fly 
A)  Apicomplexan; mosquito 
B)  type of Trypanosome; tsetse fly 
C)  Apicomplexan; reduviid bug 
D)  type of Trypanosome; mosquito 
E)  Apicomplexan; sand fly

Question 5

Dinoflagellates are marine phototrophs responsible for the toxic red tide blooms. What pigments confer the red color to these organisms?

Accepted Answer

A)  rhodopsin 
B)  tannins 
C)  anthocyanins 
D)  chlorophylls 
E)  carotenoids 
A)  rhodopsin 
B)  tannins 
C)  anthocyanins 
D)  chlorophylls 
E)  carotenoids

Question 6

Neocallomastix sp. is/does NOT

Accepted Answer

A)  classified as a Chytridiomycota. 
B)  an obligate aerobe. 
C)  possess flagellated reproductive forms called zoospores. 
D)  contain hydrogenosomes evolved from mitochondria. 
E)  ferment plant material in bovine rumen. 
A)  classified as a Chytridiomycota. 
B)  an obligate aerobe. 
C)  possess flagellated reproductive forms called zoospores. 
D)  contain hydrogenosomes evolved from mitochondria. 
E)  ferment plant material in bovine rumen.

Question 7

Free living amebas are common soil predators that feed on bacteria, algae, rotifers, and so on. However, some species may harbor bacterial pathogens such as ________, which contaminates water supplies and air ducts.

Accepted Answer

A)  Encephalitozoon intestinalis 
B)  Toxoplasma gondii 
C)  Leishmania major 
D)  Legionella pneumophila 
E)  Giardia lamblia 
A)  Encephalitozoon intestinalis 
B)  Toxoplasma gondii 
C)  Leishmania major 
D)  Legionella pneumophila 
E)  Giardia lamblia

Question 8

In the organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which of the following induces alternation of generations from a haploid to a diploid cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  a 10°C decrease in optimum growth temperature 
B)  glucose abundance 
C)  starvation stress 
D)  nitrogen deprivation 
E)  a pH change toward acidic conditions 
A)  a 10°C decrease in optimum growth temperature 
B)  glucose abundance 
C)  starvation stress 
D)  nitrogen deprivation 
E)  a pH change toward acidic conditions

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of fungi?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are chemolithotrophs. 
B)  Most multicellular forms grow by extending multinucleate cell filaments called hyphae. 
C)  Membrane lipids include ergosterol, an analog of cholesterol. 
D)  Cell walls contain chitin. 
E)  They engage in absorptive nutrition. 
A)  They are chemolithotrophs. 
B)  Most multicellular forms grow by extending multinucleate cell filaments called hyphae. 
C)  Membrane lipids include ergosterol, an analog of cholesterol. 
D)  Cell walls contain chitin. 
E)  They engage in absorptive nutrition.

Question 10

Leishmania major infection is most problematic in

Accepted Answer

A)  Central and South America. 
B)  South America, Africa, the Middle East, and southern Europe. 
C)  Sub-Saharan Africa. 
D)  eastern Europe and Central Asia. 
E)  the South Pacific. 
A)  Central and South America. 
B)  South America, Africa, the Middle East, and southern Europe. 
C)  Sub-Saharan Africa. 
D)  eastern Europe and Central Asia. 
E)  the South Pacific.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a common trait shared by most mycelium-forming fungi?

Accepted Answer

A)  absorptive nutrition 
B)  hyphae production 
C)  multinucleated cells 
D)  chitinous cell walls 
E)  asexual reproduction by budding 
A)  absorptive nutrition 
B)  hyphae production 
C)  multinucleated cells 
D)  chitinous cell walls 
E)  asexual reproduction by budding

Question 12

Giardia lamblia is an infectious problem in day-care centers because it is a(n) ________ pathogen passed via ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  intestinal; water-borne transmission 
B)  aerosol; sneezing and coughing 
C)  mucosal; mucus contamination 
D)  skin; direct skin contact 
E)  blood-borne; contact with an open wound 
A)  intestinal; water-borne transmission 
B)  aerosol; sneezing and coughing 
C)  mucosal; mucus contamination 
D)  skin; direct skin contact 
E)  blood-borne; contact with an open wound

Question 13

Why are phylogenetic data in the domain Eukarya overall harder to obtain than phylogenetic evidence in either the Bacteria or Archaea domains? How has this affected the systematics of Eukarya?

Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic genomes are much larger than

Question 14

Use the figure below to describe the mechanism of pseudopod motility in Amoebozoa.

Accepted Answer

Movement by cytoplasmic streaming consis

Question 15

A kinetoplast is ________ containing a bundle of multiple copies of its circular genome.

Accepted Answer

A)  a type of apicoplast 
B)  a relict chloroplast 
C)  mitochondrion 
D)  in the pseudopodia cytoplasm 
E)  inside a large chloroplast 
A)  a type of apicoplast 
B)  a relict chloroplast 
C)  mitochondrion 
D)  in the pseudopodia cytoplasm 
E)  inside a large chloroplast

Question 16

Use the figure below as a guide to describe the cycle of Plasmodium falciparum transmission between mosquito and human in malaria.

Accepted Answer

Plasmodium falciparum parasites are inje

Question 17

Paramecia beat their cilia in coordinated waves to

Accepted Answer

A)  distract and fool predators. 
B)  move forward and acquire food. 
C)  attach to immobile structures for filter feeding. 
D)  deliver toxins to enemies. 
E)  accumulate minerals for shell synthesis. 
A)  distract and fool predators. 
B)  move forward and acquire food. 
C)  attach to immobile structures for filter feeding. 
D)  deliver toxins to enemies. 
E)  accumulate minerals for shell synthesis.

Question 18

The figure below is a schematic representation of Chlamydomonas life cycle. What is INCORRECTLY labeled?

Accepted Answer

A)  A- mitosis 
B)  B-fusion of gametes 
C)  C-sexual reproduction 
D)  D-haploid asexual reproduction 
E)  E-zoospores 
A)  A- mitosis 
B)  B-fusion of gametes 
C)  C-sexual reproduction 
D)  D-haploid asexual reproduction 
E)  E-zoospores

Question 19

A major group of marine phytoplankton that is essential to the marine food chain includes

Accepted Answer

A)  microsporidia. 
B)  dinoflagellates. 
C)  apicomplexan. 
D)  metamonads. 
E)  yeasts. 
A)  microsporidia. 
B)  dinoflagellates. 
C)  apicomplexan. 
D)  metamonads. 
E)  yeasts.

Question 20

The apicomplexans have gone through extensive evolutionary reduction, in which the apicoplast has retained some genetic capabilities from an ancestral chloroplast in order to

Accepted Answer

A)  allow only for phototrophic dark reactions. 
B)  produce low levels of ATP as backup metabolism. 
C)  fix carbon dioxide only. 
D)  absorb blue/green light only. 
E)  participate in fatty acid metabolism. 
A)  allow only for phototrophic dark reactions. 
B)  produce low levels of ATP as backup metabolism. 
C)  fix carbon dioxide only. 
D)  absorb blue/green light only. 
E)  participate in fatty acid metabolism.

Exam 20: Eukaryotic Diversity

The figure below shows the cellular basis of extension of a fungal hypha. Which of the following is labeled correctly?

Ameboid movement is produced by

The oomycete ("water fungus") ________ caused the Great Irish Famine in the 1840s.

Plasmodium falciparum is a(n) ________ and is transmitted to the human host by the bite of a ________.

Dinoflagellates are marine phototrophs responsible for the toxic red tide blooms. What pigments confer the red color to these organisms?

Neocallomastix sp. is/does NOT

Free living amebas are common soil predators that feed on bacteria, algae, rotifers, and so on. However, some species may harbor bacterial pathogens such as ________, which contaminates water supplies and air ducts.

In the organism Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which of the following induces alternation of generations from a haploid to a diploid cell?

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of fungi?

Leishmania major infection is most problematic in

Which of the following is NOT a common trait shared by most mycelium-forming fungi?

Giardia lamblia is an infectious problem in day-care centers because it is a(n) ________ pathogen passed via ________.

Why are phylogenetic data in the domain Eukarya overall harder to obtain than phylogenetic evidence in either the Bacteria or Archaea domains? How has this affected the systematics of Eukarya?

Use the figure below to describe the mechanism of pseudopod motility in Amoebozoa.

A kinetoplast is ________ containing a bundle of multiple copies of its circular genome.

Use the figure below as a guide to describe the cycle of Plasmodium falciparum transmission between mosquito and human in malaria.

Paramecia beat their cilia in coordinated waves to

The figure below is a schematic representation of Chlamydomonas life cycle. What is INCORRECTLY labeled?

A major group of marine phytoplankton that is essential to the marine food chain includes

The apicomplexans have gone through extensive evolutionary reduction, in which the apicoplast has retained some genetic capabilities from an ancestral chloroplast in order to

Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery

Observing the Microbial Cell

Cell Structure and Function

Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth

Viruses

Genomes and Chromosomes

Transcription, Translation, and Bioinformatics

Gene Transfer, Mutations, and Genome Evolution

Molecular Regulation

Viral Molecular Biology

Biotechniques and Synthetic Biology

Energetics and Catabolism

Electron Flow in Organotrophy, Lithotrophy, and Phototrophy

Biosynthesis

Food and Industrial Microbiology

Origins and Evolution

Bacterial Diversity

Archaeal Diversity

Microbial Ecology

Microbes in Global Elemental Cycles

Human Microbiota and Innate Immunity

The Adaptive Immune Response

Microbial Pathogenesis

Microbial Diseases

Antimicrobial Therapy

Clinical Microbiology and Epidemiology

Filters

Plasmodium falciparum is a(n) and is transmitted to the human host by the bite of a .

Giardia lamblia is an infectious problem in day-care centers because it is a(n) pathogen passed via .