Question 1

The first steps in bacterial DNA replication are represented in the figure below, in which the letters T and U point to ________, respectively.

Accepted Answer

A)  strand separation at GC-rich regions and binding of gyrase at oriC 
B)  strand separation at the 13-mer repeats and binding of DnaA-ATP proteins at the 9-mer repeats 
C)  strand separation at the 9-mer repeats and binding of DamA proteins at the 9-mer repeats 
D)  strand separation at the 13-mer repeats and binding of SeqA proteins at the 9-mer repeats 
E)  synthesis of RNA primer and binding of primase 
A)  strand separation at GC-rich regions and binding of gyrase at oriC 
B)  strand separation at the 13-mer repeats and binding of DnaA-ATP proteins at the 9-mer repeats 
C)  strand separation at the 9-mer repeats and binding of DamA proteins at the 9-mer repeats 
D)  strand separation at the 13-mer repeats and binding of SeqA proteins at the 9-mer repeats 
E)  synthesis of RNA primer and binding of primase

Question 2

In the figure below, which models DNA semiconservative replication, the numeral I points to ________, II points to ________, and III points to _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  origin of replication; new daughter strands; replication fork 
B)  termination sequences; replication fork; new daughter strands 
C)  replication fork; new daughter strands; origin 
D)  new daughter strands; termination sequences; replication fork 
E)  new daughter strands; origin; replication fork 
A)  origin of replication; new daughter strands; replication fork 
B)  termination sequences; replication fork; new daughter strands 
C)  replication fork; new daughter strands; origin 
D)  new daughter strands; termination sequences; replication fork 
E)  new daughter strands; origin; replication fork

Question 3

Use the figure below to describe the process of RNA primer elimination in the synthesis of the lagging strand. What are the names of the enzymes indicated by the numbers?

Accepted Answer

The lagging strand has RNA primers (clos

Question 4

Thermostable DNA polymerases are used in PCR because they

Accepted Answer

A)  bind DNA more efficiently than thermolabile DNA polymerases. 
B)  do not have a proof-reading activity. 
C)  are less expensive than E. coli DNA Pol III. 
D)  can survive at the high temperatures used to denature DNA. 
E)  are water soluble. 
A)  bind DNA more efficiently than thermolabile DNA polymerases. 
B)  do not have a proof-reading activity. 
C)  are less expensive than E. coli DNA Pol III. 
D)  can survive at the high temperatures used to denature DNA. 
E)  are water soluble.

Question 5

Describe the role of the two RNA polymerases that are involved in the early stages of bacterial DNA replication.

Accepted Answer

The first RNA polymerase is the so-calle

Question 6

The genome of the bacterium ________, the agent of Lyme disease, is not contained in a circular DNA molecule but rather in a linear chromosome and more than twenty plasmids.

Accepted Answer

A)  Escherichia albertii 
B)  Staphylococcus aureus 
C)  Legionella pneumophila 
D)  Borrelia burgdorferi 
E)  Burkholderia cepacia 
A)  Escherichia albertii 
B)  Staphylococcus aureus 
C)  Legionella pneumophila 
D)  Borrelia burgdorferi 
E)  Burkholderia cepacia

Question 7

What is the approximate size of Okazaki fragments in E. coli?

Accepted Answer

A)  10 bp 
B)  50 bp 
C)  100 bp 
D)  1,000 bp 
E)  10,000 bp 
A)  10 bp 
B)  50 bp 
C)  100 bp 
D)  1,000 bp 
E)  10,000 bp

Question 8

Many restriction enzymes recognize palindromic sequences on double-stranded DNA. Among the following, which is a palindromic sequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  5'-GATTACCTAGG-3'
3'-CCTAGGTAATC-5' 
B)  5'-ATTACTTTA-3'
3'-TAATGAAAT-5' 
C)  5'-GCCTAGGA-3'
3'-CGGATCCT-5' 
D)  5'-CTAATGGATCC-3'
3'-GATTACCTAGG-5' 
E)  5'-GGATCC-3'
3'-CCTAGG-5' 
A)  5'-GATTACCTAGG-3'
3'-CCTAGGTAATC-5' 
B)  5'-ATTACTTTA-3'
3'-TAATGAAAT-5' 
C)  5'-GCCTAGGA-3'
3'-CGGATCCT-5' 
D)  5'-CTAATGGATCC-3'
3'-GATTACCTAGG-5' 
E)  5'-GGATCC-3'
3'-CCTAGG-5'

Question 9

Enzymes that modify the supercoiling of a DNA molecule are called

Accepted Answer

A)  ligases. 
B)  primases. 
C)  transferases. 
D)  topoisomerases. 
E)  acetylases. 
A)  ligases. 
B)  primases. 
C)  transferases. 
D)  topoisomerases. 
E)  acetylases.

Question 10

DNA sequencing by synthesis is a powerful contemporary technique that allows the generation of up to 600 gigabases (Gb) of sequence per run. Which process is part of sequencing by synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sequencing products are separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. 
B)  [32P]-DNA fragments are developed using X-ray film or phosphoimaging. 
C)  The release of pyrophosphate during the incorporation of dNTPs into a growing DNA chain is detected by a complex reaction system that emits light from oxyluciferin. 
D)  About one thousand identical copies of each individual template DNA form a tight cluster (at the mm-level) on the surface of a flow cell prior to sequencing. 
E)  Whole large DNA molecules, such as plasmids or BACs, are used as templates. 
A)  The sequencing products are separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. 
B)  [32P]-DNA fragments are developed using X-ray film or phosphoimaging. 
C)  The release of pyrophosphate during the incorporation of dNTPs into a growing DNA chain is detected by a complex reaction system that emits light from oxyluciferin. 
D)  About one thousand identical copies of each individual template DNA form a tight cluster (at the mm-level) on the surface of a flow cell prior to sequencing. 
E)  Whole large DNA molecules, such as plasmids or BACs, are used as templates.

The first steps in bacterial DNA replication are represented in the figure below, in which the letters T and U point to ________, respectively.

In the figure below, which models DNA semiconservative replication, the numeral I points to __, II points to , and III points to _.

Use the figure below to describe the process of RNA primer elimination in the synthesis of the lagging strand. What are the names of the enzymes indicated by the numbers?

Thermostable DNA polymerases are used in PCR because they

Describe the role of the two RNA polymerases that are involved in the early stages of bacterial DNA replication.

The genome of the bacterium ________, the agent of Lyme disease, is not contained in a circular DNA molecule but rather in a linear chromosome and more than twenty plasmids.

What is the approximate size of Okazaki fragments in E. coli?

Many restriction enzymes recognize palindromic sequences on double-stranded DNA. Among the following, which is a palindromic sequence?

Enzymes that modify the supercoiling of a DNA molecule are called

DNA sequencing by synthesis is a powerful contemporary technique that allows the generation of up to 600 gigabases (Gb) of sequence per run. Which process is part of sequencing by synthesis?

Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery

Observing the Microbial Cell

Cell Structure and Function

Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth

Viruses

Transcription, Translation, and Bioinformatics

Gene Transfer, Mutations, and Genome Evolution

Molecular Regulation

Viral Molecular Biology

Biotechniques and Synthetic Biology

Energetics and Catabolism

Electron Flow in Organotrophy, Lithotrophy, and Phototrophy

Biosynthesis

Food and Industrial Microbiology

Origins and Evolution

Bacterial Diversity

Archaeal Diversity

Eukaryotic Diversity

Microbial Ecology

Microbes in Global Elemental Cycles

Human Microbiota and Innate Immunity

The Adaptive Immune Response

Microbial Pathogenesis

Microbial Diseases

Antimicrobial Therapy

Clinical Microbiology and Epidemiology

Filters

Exam 7: Genomes and Chromosomes

The first steps in bacterial DNA replication are represented in the figure below, in which the letters T and U point to ________, respectively.

In the figure below, which models DNA semiconservative replication, the numeral I points to ________, II points to ________, and III points to _______.

Use the figure below to describe the process of RNA primer elimination in the synthesis of the lagging strand. What are the names of the enzymes indicated by the numbers?

Thermostable DNA polymerases are used in PCR because they

Describe the role of the two RNA polymerases that are involved in the early stages of bacterial DNA replication.

The genome of the bacterium ________, the agent of Lyme disease, is not contained in a circular DNA molecule but rather in a linear chromosome and more than twenty plasmids.

What is the approximate size of Okazaki fragments in E. coli?

Many restriction enzymes recognize palindromic sequences on double-stranded DNA. Among the following, which is a palindromic sequence?

Enzymes that modify the supercoiling of a DNA molecule are called

DNA sequencing by synthesis is a powerful contemporary technique that allows the generation of up to 600 gigabases (Gb) of sequence per run. Which process is part of sequencing by synthesis?

Microbial Life: Origin and Discovery

Observing the Microbial Cell

Cell Structure and Function

Bacterial Culture, Growth, and Development

Environmental Influences and Control of Microbial Growth

Viruses

Transcription, Translation, and Bioinformatics

Gene Transfer, Mutations, and Genome Evolution

Molecular Regulation

Viral Molecular Biology

Biotechniques and Synthetic Biology

Energetics and Catabolism

Electron Flow in Organotrophy, Lithotrophy, and Phototrophy

Biosynthesis

Food and Industrial Microbiology

Origins and Evolution

Bacterial Diversity

Archaeal Diversity

Eukaryotic Diversity

Microbial Ecology

Microbes in Global Elemental Cycles

Human Microbiota and Innate Immunity

The Adaptive Immune Response

Microbial Pathogenesis

Microbial Diseases

Antimicrobial Therapy

Clinical Microbiology and Epidemiology

Filters

In the figure below, which models DNA semiconservative replication, the numeral I points to __, II points to , and III points to _.