Question 1

The likely cause of Mr. Wilson's chronic kidney disease is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​his history of type 1 diabetes 
B)  ​exposure to chemicals in the workplace 
C)  ​his history of smoking 
D)  ​his gender 
E)  ​his age 
A)  ​his history of type 1 diabetes 
B)  ​exposure to chemicals in the workplace 
C)  ​his history of smoking 
D)  ​his gender 
E)  ​his age

Question 2

Dialysis removes excess fluids and wastes from the blood by employing the principles of diffusion, osmosis, and ultrafiltration.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Patients with chronic kidney disease are often encouraged to consume high-fat foods to improve their energy intake. An appropriate high-fat food choice for a renal patient is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​fried fish 
B)  ​peanuts 
C)  ​cheese 
D)  ice cream 
E)  ​milk 
A)  ​fried fish 
B)  ​peanuts 
C)  ​cheese 
D)  ice cream 
E)  ​milk

Question 4

The potassium content of vegetables can be reduced by a process called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​steaming 
B)  ​sautéing 
C)  ​leaching 
D)  ​boiling 
E)  ​starching 
A)  ​steaming 
B)  ​sautéing 
C)  ​leaching 
D)  ​boiling 
E)  ​starching

Question 5

Matching
-creatine

Accepted Answer

A) a syndrome associated with kidney disorders characterized by urinary protein losses exceeding 3 to 3.5 g per day 
B) functional unit of kidneys 
C) the cluster of symptoms associated with inadequate kidney function; the symptoms reflect fluid, electrolyte, and hormonal imbalances; altered heart function; neuromuscular disturbances; and other metabolic derangements 
D) crystalline masses that form in the urinary tract; also called renal calculi and nephrolithiasis 
E) a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated uric acid in the blood and urine and the deposition of uric acid in and around the joints, causing acute joint inflammation
F)an inherited disorder characterized by elevated urinary excretion of several amino acids, including cystine
G)a bone disorder that develops in patients with chronic kidney disease as a consequence of increased secretion of parathyroid hormone, reduced serum calcium, acidosis, and impaired vitamin D activation by the kidneys
H)the substances that pass through the glomerulus and travel through the nephron's tubules, eventually forming urine
I)a hormone made by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production
J)nitrogen-containing compound found in skeletal muscle, blood levels used as marker for kidney function 
A) a syndrome associated with kidney disorders characterized by urinary protein losses exceeding 3 to 3.5 g per day 
B) functional unit of kidneys 
C) the cluster of symptoms associated with inadequate kidney function; the symptoms reflect fluid, electrolyte, and hormonal imbalances; altered heart function; neuromuscular disturbances; and other metabolic derangements 
D) crystalline masses that form in the urinary tract; also called renal calculi and nephrolithiasis 
E) a metabolic disorder characterized by elevated uric acid in the blood and urine and the deposition of uric acid in and around the joints, causing acute joint inflammation
F)an inherited disorder characterized by elevated urinary excretion of several amino acids, including cystine
G)a bone disorder that develops in patients with chronic kidney disease as a consequence of increased secretion of parathyroid hormone, reduced serum calcium, acidosis, and impaired vitamin D activation by the kidneys
H)the substances that pass through the glomerulus and travel through the nephron's tubules, eventually forming urine
I)a hormone made by the kidneys that stimulates red blood cell production
J)nitrogen-containing compound found in skeletal muscle, blood levels used as marker for kidney function

Question 6

About half of patients with acute kidney injury experience oliguria. This means that they produce less than _____ milliliters of urine per day.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​400 
B)  600​ 
C)  ​800 
D)  ​1,000 
E)  ​1,200 
A)  ​400 
B)  600​ 
C)  ​800 
D)  ​1,000 
E)  ​1,200

Question 7

A patient on peritoneal dialysis may need to consume less dietary _____ than other kidney disease patients.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​fat 
B)  ​protein 
C)  ​vitamins 
D)  ​carbohydrate 
E)  ​water 
A)  ​fat 
B)  ​protein 
C)  ​vitamins 
D)  ​carbohydrate 
E)  ​water

Question 8

One measure of chronic kidney disease is _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​GFR 
B)  ​the ratio of albumin to creatinine in a urine sample 
C)  ​BUN levels 
D)  ​the degree of proteinuria 
E)  ​urine output 
A)  ​GFR 
B)  ​the ratio of albumin to creatinine in a urine sample 
C)  ​BUN levels 
D)  ​the degree of proteinuria 
E)  ​urine output

Question 9

A renal patient who shows an increase in weight gain and blood pressure is most likely _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​retaining sodium and fluid 
B)  ​retaining calcium 
C)  ​experiencing salt wasting 
D)  ​retaining phosphorus 
E)  ​developing diabetes 
A)  ​retaining sodium and fluid 
B)  ​retaining calcium 
C)  ​experiencing salt wasting 
D)  ​retaining phosphorus 
E)  ​developing diabetes

Question 10

Matching
-hypokalemia

Accepted Answer

A) the solution used in dialysis to draw wastes and fluids from the blood 
B) abrupt decline in kidney function over a period of hours or days 
C) blood in the urine 
D) elevated serum potassium levels 
E) elevated serum phosphate levels
F)elevated urinary oxalate levels
G)increased urine production
H)low serum potassium levels
I)elevated serum calcium levels
J)elevated urinary calcium levels 
A) the solution used in dialysis to draw wastes and fluids from the blood 
B) abrupt decline in kidney function over a period of hours or days 
C) blood in the urine 
D) elevated serum potassium levels 
E) elevated serum phosphate levels
F)elevated urinary oxalate levels
G)increased urine production
H)low serum potassium levels
I)elevated serum calcium levels
J)elevated urinary calcium levels

Question 11

Lasix is a drug used to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​mobilize fluids 
B)  ​lower cholesterol 
C)  ​prevent PEM 
D)  ​activate vitamin D 
E)  ​lower blood glucose 
A)  ​mobilize fluids 
B)  ​lower cholesterol 
C)  ​prevent PEM 
D)  ​activate vitamin D 
E)  ​lower blood glucose

Question 12

What is the likely cause of Mr. Forbes' second trip to the emergency room with back pain?

Accepted Answer

​Renal colic - a sto

Question 13

Following kidney transplantation, dietary restrictions _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​are more strict 
B)  ​are more liberalized 
C)  ​can replace immunosuppressive therapy 
D)  ​determine whether the body rejects the kidney 
E)  ​focus on restricting protein intake 
A)  ​are more strict 
B)  ​are more liberalized 
C)  ​can replace immunosuppressive therapy 
D)  ​determine whether the body rejects the kidney 
E)  ​focus on restricting protein intake

Question 14

Which substance is given to patients with acute renal failure to correct elevated potassium levels?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Lasix 
B)  ​antibiotics 
C)  ​binders 
D)  ​bicarbonate 
E)  ​insulin 
A)  ​Lasix 
B)  ​antibiotics 
C)  ​binders 
D)  ​bicarbonate 
E)  ​insulin

Question 15

What is the most effective way to improve the iron status of patients undergoing dialysis?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​oral iron supplements in conjunction with erythropoietin therapy 
B)  only intravenous iron administration 
C)  ​intravenous iron administration in conjunction with erythropoietin therapy 
D)  ​increased intake of iron-rich foods 
E)  ​blood transfusions 
A)  ​oral iron supplements in conjunction with erythropoietin therapy 
B)  only intravenous iron administration 
C)  ​intravenous iron administration in conjunction with erythropoietin therapy 
D)  ​increased intake of iron-rich foods 
E)  ​blood transfusions

Question 16

Patients with nephrotic syndrome may require supplements of _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​vitamin D and calcium 
B)  ​essential fatty acids 
C)  ​essential amino acids 
D)  ​thiamin and magnesium 
E)  ​sodium and potassium 
A)  ​vitamin D and calcium 
B)  ​essential fatty acids 
C)  ​essential amino acids 
D)  ​thiamin and magnesium 
E)  ​sodium and potassium

Question 17

One of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease is _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​diabetes 
B)  ​infectious diseases 
C)  ​genetic disorders 
D)  ​inflammatory diseases 
E)  ​cancer 
A)  ​diabetes 
B)  ​infectious diseases 
C)  ​genetic disorders 
D)  ​inflammatory diseases 
E)  ​cancer

Question 18

Medical nutrition therapy for nephrotic syndrome helps to prevent protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), correct lipid abnormalities, and alleviate edema.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Matching
-hyperphosphatemia

Accepted Answer

A) the solution used in dialysis to draw wastes and fluids from the blood 
B) abrupt decline in kidney function over a period of hours or days 
C) blood in the urine 
D) elevated serum potassium levels 
E) elevated serum phosphate levels
F)elevated urinary oxalate levels
G)increased urine production
H)low serum potassium levels
I)elevated serum calcium levels
J)elevated urinary calcium levels 
A) the solution used in dialysis to draw wastes and fluids from the blood 
B) abrupt decline in kidney function over a period of hours or days 
C) blood in the urine 
D) elevated serum potassium levels 
E) elevated serum phosphate levels
F)elevated urinary oxalate levels
G)increased urine production
H)low serum potassium levels
I)elevated serum calcium levels
J)elevated urinary calcium levels

Question 20

In oliguric patients, recovery from kidney injury may begin with a period of diuresis, during which the patient's fluid and electrolyte status are monitored.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 23: Protein - Mineral - and Fluid Modified Diets for Kidney Diseases

The likely cause of Mr. Wilson's chronic kidney disease is _____.

Dialysis removes excess fluids and wastes from the blood by employing the principles of diffusion, osmosis, and ultrafiltration.​

Patients with chronic kidney disease are often encouraged to consume high-fat foods to improve their energy intake. An appropriate high-fat food choice for a renal patient is _____.

The potassium content of vegetables can be reduced by a process called _____.

Matching -creatine

About half of patients with acute kidney injury experience oliguria. This means that they produce less than _____ milliliters of urine per day.​

A patient on peritoneal dialysis may need to consume less dietary _____ than other kidney disease patients.​

One measure of chronic kidney disease is _____.​

A renal patient who shows an increase in weight gain and blood pressure is most likely _____.

Matching -hypokalemia

Lasix is a drug used to _____.

What is the likely cause of Mr. Forbes' second trip to the emergency room with back pain?

Following kidney transplantation, dietary restrictions _____.

Which substance is given to patients with acute renal failure to correct elevated potassium levels?​

What is the most effective way to improve the iron status of patients undergoing dialysis?

Patients with nephrotic syndrome may require supplements of _____.​

One of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease is _____.​

Medical nutrition therapy for nephrotic syndrome helps to prevent protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), correct lipid abnormalities, and alleviate edema.​

Matching -hyperphosphatemia

In oliguric patients, recovery from kidney injury may begin with a period of diuresis, during which the patient's fluid and electrolyte status are monitored.​

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Digestion and Absorption

Metabolism Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management Overweight and Underweight

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Fitness and Nutrition

Nutrition Through the Life Span Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span Infancy Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span Later Adulthood

Illness and Nutrition Care

Medications - Diet Drug Interactions - and Herbal Supplements

Specialized Nutrition Support - Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Foods and Food Consistency for Upper Gi Disorders

Fiber-Modified Diets for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Carbohydrate - and Fat Modified Diets for Malabsorption Disorders

Nutrition Therapy for Liver and Gallbladder Diseases

Carbohydrate Controlled Diets for Diabetes Mellitus

Fat Controlled - Mineral Modified Diets for Cardiovascular Diseases

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Cancer and HIV Infection

Filters

Dialysis removes excess fluids and wastes from the blood by employing the principles of diffusion, osmosis, and ultrafiltration.

About half of patients with acute kidney injury experience oliguria. This means that they produce less than _____ milliliters of urine per day.

A patient on peritoneal dialysis may need to consume less dietary _____ than other kidney disease patients.

One measure of chronic kidney disease is _____.

Which substance is given to patients with acute renal failure to correct elevated potassium levels?

Patients with nephrotic syndrome may require supplements of _____.

One of the most common causes of chronic kidney disease is _____.

Medical nutrition therapy for nephrotic syndrome helps to prevent protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), correct lipid abnormalities, and alleviate edema.

In oliguric patients, recovery from kidney injury may begin with a period of diuresis, during which the patient's fluid and electrolyte status are monitored.