Question 1

Which statement is representative of functional foods?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Shrimp is considered a functional food, because it was once a moving, functioning animal. 
B)  ​Vegetables, fruits, and other whole foods are not examples of functional foods. 
C)  ​Calcium-fortified orange juice is not a functional food. 
D)  ​Functional foods provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition by altering one or more body processes. 
E)  ​The health benefits of functional foods are listed on the food label. 
A)  ​Shrimp is considered a functional food, because it was once a moving, functioning animal. 
B)  ​Vegetables, fruits, and other whole foods are not examples of functional foods. 
C)  ​Calcium-fortified orange juice is not a functional food. 
D)  ​Functional foods provide health benefits beyond basic nutrition by altering one or more body processes. 
E)  ​The health benefits of functional foods are listed on the food label. D

Question 2

Many of the symptoms of vitamin C deficiency, such as dry scaly skin and failure of wounds to heal, are related to the role of vitamin C in the synthesis of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​calcium and iron 
B)  ​thyroxin 
C)  ​collagen 
D)  ​adrenal hormones 
E)  ​elastin 
A)  ​calcium and iron 
B)  ​thyroxin 
C)  ​collagen 
D)  ​adrenal hormones 
E)  ​elastin C

Question 3

The best way to reap the benefits of phytochemicals is by _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​eating a variety of plant foods 
B)  ​taking a variety of supplements 
C)  ​increasing your consumption of animal foods 
D)  ​frequently consuming manufactured functional foods 
E)  ​eating only plants that grow from the ground, not from trees 
A)  ​eating a variety of plant foods 
B)  ​taking a variety of supplements 
C)  ​increasing your consumption of animal foods 
D)  ​frequently consuming manufactured functional foods 
E)  ​eating only plants that grow from the ground, not from trees A

Question 4

Which food contains the least vitamin E?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​margarine 
B)  ​salad dressing 
C)  ​wheat germ oil 
D)  ​butter 
E)  ​green leafy vegetables 
A)  ​margarine 
B)  ​salad dressing 
C)  ​wheat germ oil 
D)  ​butter 
E)  ​green leafy vegetables

Question 5

A dietary deficiency of vitamin A can produce _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​rickets 
B)  ​night blindness 
C)  ​a prolonged blood-clotting time 
D)  ​light sensitivity 
E)  ​beta-carotenosis 
A)  ​rickets 
B)  ​night blindness 
C)  ​a prolonged blood-clotting time 
D)  ​light sensitivity 
E)  ​beta-carotenosis

Question 6

Which food would make the greatest contribution to a person's intake of riboflavin?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​oatmeal 
B)  ​milk 
C)  ​oranges 
D)  ​yellow squash 
E)  ​eggs 
A)  ​oatmeal 
B)  ​milk 
C)  ​oranges 
D)  ​yellow squash 
E)  ​eggs

Question 7

Define the term coenzyme. Name and describe the role of the B vitamins that function as part of the structure of coenzymes.

Accepted Answer

a coenzyme is a small molecule that work

Question 8

In vegans, a deficiency of vitamin B₁₂ may be masked by a high intake of folate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Matching
-antioxidant

Accepted Answer

A) a compound that protects other compounds from oxygen by itself reacting with oxygen 
B) a bone disease characterized by softening of the bones 
C) a metabolic disease in which crystals of uric acid precipitate in the joints 
D) highly reactive chemical forms that can cause destructive changes in nearby compounds, sometimes setting up a chain reaction 
E) rupture of the red blood cells, caused by vitamin E deficiency
F)the vitamin K-deficiency disease in which blood fails to clot
G)the thiamin-deficiency disease
H)the niacin-deficiency disease
I)malformations of the brain, spinal cord, or both during embryonic development
J)the amount of niacin present in food, including the niacin that can theoretically be made from tryptophan, its precursor, present in the food 
A) a compound that protects other compounds from oxygen by itself reacting with oxygen 
B) a bone disease characterized by softening of the bones 
C) a metabolic disease in which crystals of uric acid precipitate in the joints 
D) highly reactive chemical forms that can cause destructive changes in nearby compounds, sometimes setting up a chain reaction 
E) rupture of the red blood cells, caused by vitamin E deficiency
F)the vitamin K-deficiency disease in which blood fails to clot
G)the thiamin-deficiency disease
H)the niacin-deficiency disease
I)malformations of the brain, spinal cord, or both during embryonic development
J)the amount of niacin present in food, including the niacin that can theoretically be made from tryptophan, its precursor, present in the food

Question 10

The replacement of red blood cells and digestive tract cells depends most heavily on _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​thiamin 
B)  ​riboflavin 
C)  ​niacin 
D)  ​folate 
E)  ​biotin 
A)  ​thiamin 
B)  ​riboflavin 
C)  ​niacin 
D)  ​folate 
E)  ​biotin

Question 11

Vitamin E _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​functions as an effective anti-sterility agent in humans 
B)  ​protects vitamin A and polyunsaturated fatty acids from oxidation 
C)  ​is needed by humans as a dietary supplement because of the variety of functions it has in the body 
D)  ​slows down the aging process 
E)  ​protects the stomach lining from high acid levels 
A)  ​functions as an effective anti-sterility agent in humans 
B)  ​protects vitamin A and polyunsaturated fatty acids from oxidation 
C)  ​is needed by humans as a dietary supplement because of the variety of functions it has in the body 
D)  ​slows down the aging process 
E)  ​protects the stomach lining from high acid levels

Question 12

Overconsumption of the water-soluble vitamins will likely result in _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​a reserve supply, which will aid in the prevention of colds and infections 
B)  ​no apparent change, because they are stored in the adipose tissues 
C)  ​no apparent change, because they are excreted 
D)  ​toxic accumulation in the liver 
E)  ​kidney stones 
A)  ​a reserve supply, which will aid in the prevention of colds and infections 
B)  ​no apparent change, because they are stored in the adipose tissues 
C)  ​no apparent change, because they are excreted 
D)  ​toxic accumulation in the liver 
E)  ​kidney stones

Question 13

Thiamin is involved in _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​the formation of red blood cells 
B)  ​blood coagulation 
C)  ​collagen formation 
D)  ​energy metabolism 
E)  ​stem cell creation 
A)  ​the formation of red blood cells 
B)  ​blood coagulation 
C)  ​collagen formation 
D)  ​energy metabolism 
E)  ​stem cell creation

Question 14

The formation of collagen requires an adequate intake of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​vitamin K 
B)  ​vitamin E 
C)  ​vitamin C 
D)  ​folate 
E)  ​triglycerides 
A)  ​vitamin K 
B)  ​vitamin E 
C)  ​vitamin C 
D)  ​folate 
E)  ​triglycerides

Question 15

Ascorbic acid is another name for _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​niacin 
B)  ​thiamin 
C)  ​vitamin C 
D)  ​vitamin B₆ 
E)  ​vitamin D 
A)  ​niacin 
B)  ​thiamin 
C)  ​vitamin C 
D)  ​vitamin B₆ 
E)  ​vitamin D

Question 16

Some vitamins are available from foods as precursors called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​provitamins 
B)  ​coenzymes 
C)  ​pre-enzymes 
D)  ​free radicals 
E)  ​oxidants 
A)  ​provitamins 
B)  ​coenzymes 
C)  ​pre-enzymes 
D)  ​free radicals 
E)  ​oxidants

Question 17

Excessive vitamin A during pregnancy poses a teratogenic risk by _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​increasing the risk of birth defects 
B)  ​building up in the blood and causing calcification of soft tissues 
C)  ​resulting in a low-birth weight infant 
D)  ​increasing the risk of infectious disease 
E)  ​leading to four well-known autoimmune diseases 
A)  ​increasing the risk of birth defects 
B)  ​building up in the blood and causing calcification of soft tissues 
C)  ​resulting in a low-birth weight infant 
D)  ​increasing the risk of infectious disease 
E)  ​leading to four well-known autoimmune diseases

Question 18

How do the vitamins differ from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?

Accepted Answer

Structure. Vitamins are individual units

Question 19

Beta-carotene prevents _____ from damaging cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​free radicals 
B)  ​antioxidants 
C)  ​blood clots 
D)  ​vitamin E 
E)  ​teratogenes 
A)  ​free radicals 
B)  ​antioxidants 
C)  ​blood clots 
D)  ​vitamin E 
E)  ​teratogenes

Question 20

Describe the factors that may interfere with vitamin D synthesis.

Accepted Answer

Latitude, season, and time of day all ha

Exam 8: The Vitamins

Which statement is representative of functional foods?

Many of the symptoms of vitamin C deficiency, such as dry scaly skin and failure of wounds to heal, are related to the role of vitamin C in the synthesis of _____.

The best way to reap the benefits of phytochemicals is by _____.

Which food contains the least vitamin E?

A dietary deficiency of vitamin A can produce _____.

Which food would make the greatest contribution to a person's intake of riboflavin?

Define the term coenzyme. Name and describe the role of the B vitamins that function as part of the structure of coenzymes.

In vegans, a deficiency of vitamin B₁₂ may be masked by a high intake of folate.

Matching -antioxidant

The replacement of red blood cells and digestive tract cells depends most heavily on _____.

Vitamin E _____.

Overconsumption of the water-soluble vitamins will likely result in _____.

Thiamin is involved in _____.

The formation of collagen requires an adequate intake of _____.

Ascorbic acid is another name for _____.

Some vitamins are available from foods as precursors called _____.

Excessive vitamin A during pregnancy poses a teratogenic risk by _____.

How do the vitamins differ from carbohydrates, fats, and proteins?

Beta-carotene prevents _____ from damaging cells.

Describe the factors that may interfere with vitamin D synthesis.

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Digestion and Absorption

Metabolism Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management Overweight and Underweight

Water and the Minerals

Fitness and Nutrition

Nutrition Through the Life Span Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span Infancy Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span Later Adulthood

Illness and Nutrition Care

Medications - Diet Drug Interactions - and Herbal Supplements

Specialized Nutrition Support - Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Foods and Food Consistency for Upper Gi Disorders

Fiber-Modified Diets for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Carbohydrate - and Fat Modified Diets for Malabsorption Disorders

Nutrition Therapy for Liver and Gallbladder Diseases

Carbohydrate Controlled Diets for Diabetes Mellitus

Fat Controlled - Mineral Modified Diets for Cardiovascular Diseases

Protein - Mineral - and Fluid Modified Diets for Kidney Diseases

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Cancer and HIV Infection

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