Question 1

Vitamin E deficiency causes _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​xerophthalmia 
B)  ​rickets 
C)  ​erythrocyte hemolysis 
D)  ​osteomalacia 
E)  ​night blindness 
A)  ​xerophthalmia 
B)  ​rickets 
C)  ​erythrocyte hemolysis 
D)  ​osteomalacia 
E)  ​night blindness

Question 2

Matching
-pellagra

Accepted Answer

A) a compound that protects other compounds from oxygen by itself reacting with oxygen 
B) a bone disease characterized by softening of the bones 
C) a metabolic disease in which crystals of uric acid precipitate in the joints 
D) highly reactive chemical forms that can cause destructive changes in nearby compounds, sometimes setting up a chain reaction 
E) rupture of the red blood cells, caused by vitamin E deficiency
F)the vitamin K-deficiency disease in which blood fails to clot
G)the thiamin-deficiency disease
H)the niacin-deficiency disease
I)malformations of the brain, spinal cord, or both during embryonic development
J)the amount of niacin present in food, including the niacin that can theoretically be made from tryptophan, its precursor, present in the food 
A) a compound that protects other compounds from oxygen by itself reacting with oxygen 
B) a bone disease characterized by softening of the bones 
C) a metabolic disease in which crystals of uric acid precipitate in the joints 
D) highly reactive chemical forms that can cause destructive changes in nearby compounds, sometimes setting up a chain reaction 
E) rupture of the red blood cells, caused by vitamin E deficiency
F)the vitamin K-deficiency disease in which blood fails to clot
G)the thiamin-deficiency disease
H)the niacin-deficiency disease
I)malformations of the brain, spinal cord, or both during embryonic development
J)the amount of niacin present in food, including the niacin that can theoretically be made from tryptophan, its precursor, present in the food

Question 3

The major role of vitamin E in the body is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​aid in normal blood clotting 
B)  ​act as an antioxidant 
C)  ​aid in formation of normal epithelial tissue 
D)  ​act as a coenzyme in protein metabolism 
E)  ​aid in formation of new bone 
A)  ​aid in normal blood clotting 
B)  ​act as an antioxidant 
C)  ​aid in formation of normal epithelial tissue 
D)  ​act as a coenzyme in protein metabolism 
E)  ​aid in formation of new bone

Question 4

The fat-soluble vitamins _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​are less stable than the water-soluble vitamins 
B)  ​are absorbed like fats 
C)  ​are usually constituents of coenzymes 
D)  ​are not essential 
E)  ​are only found in animal products like meat and eggs 
A)  ​are less stable than the water-soluble vitamins 
B)  ​are absorbed like fats 
C)  ​are usually constituents of coenzymes 
D)  ​are not essential 
E)  ​are only found in animal products like meat and eggs

Question 5

Name the antioxidant vitamins and describe how they function in the body.

Accepted Answer

antioxidant vitamins include vitamin C,

Question 6

Generally, fat-soluble vitamins will be found in foods such as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​oranges and strawberries 
B)  ​whole milk and eggs 
C)  ​potatoes and carrots 
D)  ​lettuce and spinach 
E)  ​root vegetables and rice 
A)  ​oranges and strawberries 
B)  ​whole milk and eggs 
C)  ​potatoes and carrots 
D)  ​lettuce and spinach 
E)  ​root vegetables and rice

Question 7

Because of their inorganic nature, vitamins can be destroyed during storage and in cooking and must be handled with care.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Identify groups of people who are at risk for vitamin E deficiency, in addition to those with diseases.

Accepted Answer

When blood concentrations of vitamin E f

Question 9

After 30 minutes of sun exposure, which individual people would have synthesized the most vitamin D?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​a light-skinned person 
B)  ​a dark-skinned person 
C)  ​a young child 
D)  ​an older person 
E)  ​a pregnant woman 
A)  ​a light-skinned person 
B)  ​a dark-skinned person 
C)  ​a young child 
D)  ​an older person 
E)  ​a pregnant woman

Question 10

Regarding vitamin E supplementation, scientists have concluded that _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​there is not enough evidence to recommend taking supplements to prevent heart disease 
B)  ​sufficient evidence exists to recommend that everyone over 40 should take a supplement 
C)  ​large doses are more beneficial than low doses 
D)  ​all people who have had a heart attack should take a supplement 
E)  ​Vitamin E, in conjunction with fish oils, will prevent most cancers 
A)  ​there is not enough evidence to recommend taking supplements to prevent heart disease 
B)  ​sufficient evidence exists to recommend that everyone over 40 should take a supplement 
C)  ​large doses are more beneficial than low doses 
D)  ​all people who have had a heart attack should take a supplement 
E)  ​Vitamin E, in conjunction with fish oils, will prevent most cancers

Question 11

The first signs of vitamin C deficiency appear in the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​blood vessels 
B)  ​bones 
C)  ​hair 
D)  ​fingernails 
E)  ​irises 
A)  ​blood vessels 
B)  ​bones 
C)  ​hair 
D)  ​fingernails 
E)  ​irises

Question 12

Which food group is the best source of beta-carotene?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​meat group 
B)  ​milk group 
C)  ​vegetable group 
D)  ​grain group 
E)  ​fish group 
A)  ​meat group 
B)  ​milk group 
C)  ​vegetable group 
D)  ​grain group 
E)  ​fish group

Question 13

Which statement describes niacin?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​It can be synthesized in the body from the amino acid tryptophan. 
B)  ​It can be used successfully to cure schizophrenia. 
C)  ​It is water soluble and therefore safe to administer in large doses. 
D)  ​It is an antioxidant. 
E)  ​It is a fat-soluble vitamin. 
A)  ​It can be synthesized in the body from the amino acid tryptophan. 
B)  ​It can be used successfully to cure schizophrenia. 
C)  ​It is water soluble and therefore safe to administer in large doses. 
D)  ​It is an antioxidant. 
E)  ​It is a fat-soluble vitamin.

Question 14

Potatoes provide about half of the vitamin C consumed by Americans.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

The main function of vitamin D in bone growth is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​synthesize 7-dehydrocholesterol 
B)  ​assist in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus 
C)  ​mobilize calcium from the bone 
D)  ​secrete calcitonin 
E)  ​assist in the absorption of vitamin A 
A)  ​synthesize 7-dehydrocholesterol 
B)  ​assist in the absorption of calcium and phosphorus 
C)  ​mobilize calcium from the bone 
D)  ​secrete calcitonin 
E)  ​assist in the absorption of vitamin A

Question 16

It is not absolutely necessary to consume the fat-soluble vitamins every day because they _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​would just be excreted from the body 
B)  ​are only absorbed in limited amounts 
C)  ​can be stored in the body for future use 
D)  ​would reach toxic amounts in the body 
E)  ​are not as important as water-soluble vitamins 
A)  ​would just be excreted from the body 
B)  ​are only absorbed in limited amounts 
C)  ​can be stored in the body for future use 
D)  ​would reach toxic amounts in the body 
E)  ​are not as important as water-soluble vitamins

Question 17

The active form of vitamin A that functions in vision is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​opsin 
B)  ​retinol 
C)  ​retinal 
D)  ​retinoic acid 
E)  ​tryptophan 
A)  ​opsin 
B)  ​retinol 
C)  ​retinal 
D)  ​retinoic acid 
E)  ​tryptophan

Question 18

Abuse of alcohol may lead to a severe form of thiamin deficiency called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​beriberi 
B)  ​Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome 
C)  ​pellagra 
D)  ​rickets 
E)  ​fortification 
A)  ​beriberi 
B)  ​Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome 
C)  ​pellagra 
D)  ​rickets 
E)  ​fortification

Question 19

Which vitamin is synthesized by intestinal bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​vitamin A 
B)  ​vitamin C 
C)  ​vitamin K 
D)  ​vitamin E 
E)  ​vitamin B₁₂ 
A)  ​vitamin A 
B)  ​vitamin C 
C)  ​vitamin K 
D)  ​vitamin E 
E)  ​vitamin B₁₂

Question 20

Children are most vulnerable to vitamin A toxicity because they need less of it and are more sensitive to overdoses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 8: The Vitamins

Vitamin E deficiency causes _____.

Matching -pellagra

The major role of vitamin E in the body is to _____.

The fat-soluble vitamins _____.

Name the antioxidant vitamins and describe how they function in the body.

Generally, fat-soluble vitamins will be found in foods such as _____.

Because of their inorganic nature, vitamins can be destroyed during storage and in cooking and must be handled with care.

Identify groups of people who are at risk for vitamin E deficiency, in addition to those with diseases.

After 30 minutes of sun exposure, which individual people would have synthesized the most vitamin D?

Regarding vitamin E supplementation, scientists have concluded that _____.

The first signs of vitamin C deficiency appear in the _____.

Which food group is the best source of beta-carotene?

Which statement describes niacin?

Potatoes provide about half of the vitamin C consumed by Americans.

The main function of vitamin D in bone growth is to _____.

It is not absolutely necessary to consume the fat-soluble vitamins every day because they _____.

The active form of vitamin A that functions in vision is _____.

Abuse of alcohol may lead to a severe form of thiamin deficiency called _____.

Which vitamin is synthesized by intestinal bacteria?

Children are most vulnerable to vitamin A toxicity because they need less of it and are more sensitive to overdoses.

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Digestion and Absorption

Metabolism Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management Overweight and Underweight

Water and the Minerals

Fitness and Nutrition

Nutrition Through the Life Span Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span Infancy Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span Later Adulthood

Illness and Nutrition Care

Medications - Diet Drug Interactions - and Herbal Supplements

Specialized Nutrition Support - Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Foods and Food Consistency for Upper Gi Disorders

Fiber-Modified Diets for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Carbohydrate - and Fat Modified Diets for Malabsorption Disorders

Nutrition Therapy for Liver and Gallbladder Diseases

Carbohydrate Controlled Diets for Diabetes Mellitus

Fat Controlled - Mineral Modified Diets for Cardiovascular Diseases

Protein - Mineral - and Fluid Modified Diets for Kidney Diseases

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Cancer and HIV Infection

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