Question 1

Matching
-diabetes mellitus

Accepted Answer

A) a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia and disordered insulin metabolism 
B) elevated blood glucose concentrations 
C) the condition in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes 
D) a distinctive fruity odor on the breath of a person with ketosis 
E) the presence of albumin in the urine; a sign of diabetic nephropathy
F)a coma that occurs in uncontrolled diabetes; may be due to diabetic ketoacidosis, the hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, or severe hypoglycemia
G)extreme hyperglycemia that is associated with hyperosmolar blood, dehydration, and altered mental status
H)abnormally low concentrations of blood glucose
I)delayed stomach emptying
J)pain in the legs while walking; usually due to an inadequate supply of blood to the muscles 
A) a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia and disordered insulin metabolism 
B) elevated blood glucose concentrations 
C) the condition in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes 
D) a distinctive fruity odor on the breath of a person with ketosis 
E) the presence of albumin in the urine; a sign of diabetic nephropathy
F)a coma that occurs in uncontrolled diabetes; may be due to diabetic ketoacidosis, the hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, or severe hypoglycemia
G)extreme hyperglycemia that is associated with hyperosmolar blood, dehydration, and altered mental status
H)abnormally low concentrations of blood glucose
I)delayed stomach emptying
J)pain in the legs while walking; usually due to an inadequate supply of blood to the muscles

Question 2

Describe the different methods of insulin delivery.

Accepted Answer

​Insulin is most often administered by s

Question 3

Excessive urine production is called _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​polydipsia 
B)  ​polyuria 
C)  ​ketonuria 
D)  ​glycosuria 
E)  ​polyphagia 
A)  ​polydipsia 
B)  ​polyuria 
C)  ​ketonuria 
D)  ​glycosuria 
E)  ​polyphagia

Question 4

The primary defect in type 2 diabetes is autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta cells.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Metabolic syndrome consists of a cluster of disorders that increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​liver disease 
B)  ​cardiovascular disease 
C)  ​foot ulcers 
D)  ​renal failure 
E)  ​hypoglycemia 
A)  ​liver disease 
B)  ​cardiovascular disease 
C)  ​foot ulcers 
D)  ​renal failure 
E)  ​hypoglycemia

Question 6

Matching
-cytokines

Accepted Answer

A) hormone produced by adipose cells that improves insulin sensitivity 
B) liver protein that promotes blood clot formation 
C) a hormone produced by adipose cells that promotes insulin resistance 
D) the type of diabetes that accounts for 5 to 10% of diabetes cases and is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells 
E) the type of diabetes that accounts for 90 to 95% of diabetes cases and is a result of insulin resistance coupled with insufficient insulin secretion
F)transported in very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)
G)known as insulin resistance syndrome or syndrome X
H)protein that promotes blood clotting by inhibiting blood clot degradation within blood vessels
I)hyperglycemia that results from the release of counter regulatory hormones following nighttime hypoglycemia; also called the Somogyi effect
J)signaling proteins produced by the body's cells, including immune cells 
A) hormone produced by adipose cells that improves insulin sensitivity 
B) liver protein that promotes blood clot formation 
C) a hormone produced by adipose cells that promotes insulin resistance 
D) the type of diabetes that accounts for 5 to 10% of diabetes cases and is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells 
E) the type of diabetes that accounts for 90 to 95% of diabetes cases and is a result of insulin resistance coupled with insufficient insulin secretion
F)transported in very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)
G)known as insulin resistance syndrome or syndrome X
H)protein that promotes blood clotting by inhibiting blood clot degradation within blood vessels
I)hyperglycemia that results from the release of counter regulatory hormones following nighttime hypoglycemia; also called the Somogyi effect
J)signaling proteins produced by the body's cells, including immune cells

Question 7

The mode of action of sulfonylureas is to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​stimulate insulin secretion by the pancreas 
B)  ​decrease insulin resistance 
C)  ​improve glucose utilization 
D)  ​delay carbohydrate digestion and absorption 
E)  ​increase insulin sensitivity 
A)  ​stimulate insulin secretion by the pancreas 
B)  ​decrease insulin resistance 
C)  ​improve glucose utilization 
D)  ​delay carbohydrate digestion and absorption 
E)  ​increase insulin sensitivity

Question 8

How many of his risk factors for type 2 diabetes can Mr. Joiner control?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​1 
B)  ​2 
C)  ​3 
D)  ​4 
E)  ​5 
A)  ​1 
B)  ​2 
C)  ​3 
D)  ​4 
E)  ​5

Question 9

The simplest and most flexible approach for Mr. Joiner to use for optimal management of his blood glucose level is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​carbohydrate counting 
B)  ​food lists 
C)  ​MyPyramid 
D)  ​a high-protein diet 
E)  ​the DASH diet 
A)  ​carbohydrate counting 
B)  ​food lists 
C)  ​MyPyramid 
D)  ​a high-protein diet 
E)  ​the DASH diet

Question 10

Obesity alone can cause some degree of insulin resistance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

How many risk factors does Mr. Joiner have for type 2 diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​2 
B)  ​3 
C)  ​4 
D)  ​5 
E)  ​6 
A)  ​2 
B)  ​3 
C)  ​4 
D)  ​5 
E)  ​6

Question 12

The diabetic diet should provide less than _____ milligrams of cholesterol per day.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​100 
B)  ​200 
C)  ​300 
D)  ​500 
E)  ​600 
A)  ​100 
B)  ​200 
C)  ​300 
D)  ​500 
E)  ​600

Question 13

Matching
-plasminogen activator inhibitor-1

Accepted Answer

A) hormone produced by adipose cells that improves insulin sensitivity 
B) liver protein that promotes blood clot formation 
C) a hormone produced by adipose cells that promotes insulin resistance 
D) the type of diabetes that accounts for 5 to 10% of diabetes cases and is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells 
E) the type of diabetes that accounts for 90 to 95% of diabetes cases and is a result of insulin resistance coupled with insufficient insulin secretion
F)transported in very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)
G)known as insulin resistance syndrome or syndrome X
H)protein that promotes blood clotting by inhibiting blood clot degradation within blood vessels
I)hyperglycemia that results from the release of counter regulatory hormones following nighttime hypoglycemia; also called the Somogyi effect
J)signaling proteins produced by the body's cells, including immune cells 
A) hormone produced by adipose cells that improves insulin sensitivity 
B) liver protein that promotes blood clot formation 
C) a hormone produced by adipose cells that promotes insulin resistance 
D) the type of diabetes that accounts for 5 to 10% of diabetes cases and is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells 
E) the type of diabetes that accounts for 90 to 95% of diabetes cases and is a result of insulin resistance coupled with insufficient insulin secretion
F)transported in very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)
G)known as insulin resistance syndrome or syndrome X
H)protein that promotes blood clotting by inhibiting blood clot degradation within blood vessels
I)hyperglycemia that results from the release of counter regulatory hormones following nighttime hypoglycemia; also called the Somogyi effect
J)signaling proteins produced by the body's cells, including immune cells

Question 14

Generally, the initial treatment for type 2 diabetes includes _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​nutrition therapy and exercise 
B)  ​antidiabetic medications 
C)  ​insulin therapy 
D)  ​enzyme replacement therapy 
E)  ​insulin pumps 
A)  ​nutrition therapy and exercise 
B)  ​antidiabetic medications 
C)  ​insulin therapy 
D)  ​enzyme replacement therapy 
E)  ​insulin pumps

Question 15

After two months, Mr. Joiner has lost weight but his fasting blood glucose has risen to 140 mg/dL. Mr. Joiner's disease has progressed to _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​type 1 diabetes 
B)  ​type 2 diabetes 
C)  ​gestational diabetes 
D)  ​hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome 
E)  ​ketoacidosis 
A)  ​type 1 diabetes 
B)  ​type 2 diabetes 
C)  ​gestational diabetes 
D)  ​hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome 
E)  ​ketoacidosis

Question 16

A patient's diabetic diet prescription is for 1800 kcalories with 50% of kcalories from carbohydrate. How many carbohydrate portions is the patient allowed each day?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​15 
B)  ​20 
C)  ​45 
D)  ​50 
E)  ​60 
A)  ​15 
B)  ​20 
C)  ​45 
D)  ​50 
E)  ​60

Question 17

Matching
-fibrinogen

Accepted Answer

A) hormone produced by adipose cells that improves insulin sensitivity 
B) liver protein that promotes blood clot formation 
C) a hormone produced by adipose cells that promotes insulin resistance 
D) the type of diabetes that accounts for 5 to 10% of diabetes cases and is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells 
E) the type of diabetes that accounts for 90 to 95% of diabetes cases and is a result of insulin resistance coupled with insufficient insulin secretion
F)transported in very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)
G)known as insulin resistance syndrome or syndrome X
H)protein that promotes blood clotting by inhibiting blood clot degradation within blood vessels
I)hyperglycemia that results from the release of counter regulatory hormones following nighttime hypoglycemia; also called the Somogyi effect
J)signaling proteins produced by the body's cells, including immune cells 
A) hormone produced by adipose cells that improves insulin sensitivity 
B) liver protein that promotes blood clot formation 
C) a hormone produced by adipose cells that promotes insulin resistance 
D) the type of diabetes that accounts for 5 to 10% of diabetes cases and is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells 
E) the type of diabetes that accounts for 90 to 95% of diabetes cases and is a result of insulin resistance coupled with insufficient insulin secretion
F)transported in very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)
G)known as insulin resistance syndrome or syndrome X
H)protein that promotes blood clotting by inhibiting blood clot degradation within blood vessels
I)hyperglycemia that results from the release of counter regulatory hormones following nighttime hypoglycemia; also called the Somogyi effect
J)signaling proteins produced by the body's cells, including immune cells

Question 18

Women with gestational diabetes who are overweight or obese should be encouraged to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​engage in strenuous exercise 
B)  ​severely restrict carbohydrate intake 
C)  ​adjust energy intake as needed 
D)  ​limit protein intake 
E)  ​lose excess body weight 
A)  ​engage in strenuous exercise 
B)  ​severely restrict carbohydrate intake 
C)  ​adjust energy intake as needed 
D)  ​limit protein intake 
E)  ​lose excess body weight

Question 19

The prevalent form of diabetes _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​usually results from an autoimmune disorder 
B)  ​develops most often in people over 40 
C)  ​is called type 1 diabetes 
D)  ​develops as a result of drastic weight loss 
E)  ​is characterized by decreased insulin production 
A)  ​usually results from an autoimmune disorder 
B)  ​develops most often in people over 40 
C)  ​is called type 1 diabetes 
D)  ​develops as a result of drastic weight loss 
E)  ​is characterized by decreased insulin production

Question 20

Matching
-type 1 diabetes

Accepted Answer

A) hormone produced by adipose cells that improves insulin sensitivity 
B) liver protein that promotes blood clot formation 
C) a hormone produced by adipose cells that promotes insulin resistance 
D) the type of diabetes that accounts for 5 to 10% of diabetes cases and is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells 
E) the type of diabetes that accounts for 90 to 95% of diabetes cases and is a result of insulin resistance coupled with insufficient insulin secretion
F)transported in very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)
G)known as insulin resistance syndrome or syndrome X
H)protein that promotes blood clotting by inhibiting blood clot degradation within blood vessels
I)hyperglycemia that results from the release of counter regulatory hormones following nighttime hypoglycemia; also called the Somogyi effect
J)signaling proteins produced by the body's cells, including immune cells 
A) hormone produced by adipose cells that improves insulin sensitivity 
B) liver protein that promotes blood clot formation 
C) a hormone produced by adipose cells that promotes insulin resistance 
D) the type of diabetes that accounts for 5 to 10% of diabetes cases and is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells 
E) the type of diabetes that accounts for 90 to 95% of diabetes cases and is a result of insulin resistance coupled with insufficient insulin secretion
F)transported in very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)
G)known as insulin resistance syndrome or syndrome X
H)protein that promotes blood clotting by inhibiting blood clot degradation within blood vessels
I)hyperglycemia that results from the release of counter regulatory hormones following nighttime hypoglycemia; also called the Somogyi effect
J)signaling proteins produced by the body's cells, including immune cells

Exam 21: Carbohydrate Controlled Diets for Diabetes Mellitus

Matching -diabetes mellitus

Describe the different methods of insulin delivery.

Excessive urine production is called _____.

The primary defect in type 2 diabetes is autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta cells.​

Metabolic syndrome consists of a cluster of disorders that increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes and _____.

Matching -cytokines

The mode of action of sulfonylureas is to _____.

How many of his risk factors for type 2 diabetes can Mr. Joiner control?

The simplest and most flexible approach for Mr. Joiner to use for optimal management of his blood glucose level is _____.

Obesity alone can cause some degree of insulin resistance.

How many risk factors does Mr. Joiner have for type 2 diabetes?

The diabetic diet should provide less than _____ milligrams of cholesterol per day.

Matching -plasminogen activator inhibitor-1

Generally, the initial treatment for type 2 diabetes includes _____.

After two months, Mr. Joiner has lost weight but his fasting blood glucose has risen to 140 mg/dL. Mr. Joiner's disease has progressed to _____.​

A patient's diabetic diet prescription is for 1800 kcalories with 50% of kcalories from carbohydrate. How many carbohydrate portions is the patient allowed each day?

Matching -fibrinogen

Women with gestational diabetes who are overweight or obese should be encouraged to _____.

The prevalent form of diabetes _____.

Matching -type 1 diabetes

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Digestion and Absorption

Metabolism Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management Overweight and Underweight

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Fitness and Nutrition

Nutrition Through the Life Span Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span Infancy Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span Later Adulthood

Illness and Nutrition Care

Medications - Diet Drug Interactions - and Herbal Supplements

Specialized Nutrition Support - Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Foods and Food Consistency for Upper Gi Disorders

Fiber-Modified Diets for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Carbohydrate - and Fat Modified Diets for Malabsorption Disorders

Nutrition Therapy for Liver and Gallbladder Diseases

Fat Controlled - Mineral Modified Diets for Cardiovascular Diseases

Protein - Mineral - and Fluid Modified Diets for Kidney Diseases

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Cancer and HIV Infection

Filters

The primary defect in type 2 diabetes is autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta cells.

After two months, Mr. Joiner has lost weight but his fasting blood glucose has risen to 140 mg/dL. Mr. Joiner's disease has progressed to _____.