Question 1

Consistent carbohydrate intake is required for patients who are _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​using advanced carbohydrate counting 
B)  ​using the basic carbohydrate-counting method 
C)  ​overweight and inactive 
D)  ​using intensive insulin therapy 
E)  ​elderly and have other health concerns 
A)  ​using advanced carbohydrate counting 
B)  ​using the basic carbohydrate-counting method 
C)  ​overweight and inactive 
D)  ​using intensive insulin therapy 
E)  ​elderly and have other health concerns

Question 2

To reduce his risk of developing diabetes, Mr. Joiner should follow all of these recommendations except _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​lose weight 
B)  ​increase physical activity 
C)  ​learn to make better food choices at restaurants 
D)  ​learn to cook 
E)  ​cut down on the alcohol consumption 
A)  ​lose weight 
B)  ​increase physical activity 
C)  ​learn to make better food choices at restaurants 
D)  ​learn to cook 
E)  ​cut down on the alcohol consumption

Question 3

The HbA1C test is used to determine the _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​average blood glucose over the preceding two weeks 
B)  ​glycemic control for the preceding two to three months 
C)  ​level of fructose in the blood 
D)  ​presence of ketones in the blood 
E)  ​average plasma pH 
A)  ​average blood glucose over the preceding two weeks 
B)  ​glycemic control for the preceding two to three months 
C)  ​level of fructose in the blood 
D)  ​presence of ketones in the blood 
E)  ​average plasma pH

Question 4

Matching
-resistin

Accepted Answer

A) hormone produced by adipose cells that improves insulin sensitivity 
B) liver protein that promotes blood clot formation 
C) a hormone produced by adipose cells that promotes insulin resistance 
D) the type of diabetes that accounts for 5 to 10% of diabetes cases and is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells 
E) the type of diabetes that accounts for 90 to 95% of diabetes cases and is a result of insulin resistance coupled with insufficient insulin secretion
F)transported in very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)
G)known as insulin resistance syndrome or syndrome X
H)protein that promotes blood clotting by inhibiting blood clot degradation within blood vessels
I)hyperglycemia that results from the release of counter regulatory hormones following nighttime hypoglycemia; also called the Somogyi effect
J)signaling proteins produced by the body's cells, including immune cells 
A) hormone produced by adipose cells that improves insulin sensitivity 
B) liver protein that promotes blood clot formation 
C) a hormone produced by adipose cells that promotes insulin resistance 
D) the type of diabetes that accounts for 5 to 10% of diabetes cases and is caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells 
E) the type of diabetes that accounts for 90 to 95% of diabetes cases and is a result of insulin resistance coupled with insufficient insulin secretion
F)transported in very-low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)
G)known as insulin resistance syndrome or syndrome X
H)protein that promotes blood clotting by inhibiting blood clot degradation within blood vessels
I)hyperglycemia that results from the release of counter regulatory hormones following nighttime hypoglycemia; also called the Somogyi effect
J)signaling proteins produced by the body's cells, including immune cells

Question 5

Individuals with hypertriglyceridemia should reduce their intake of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  desserts 
B)  ​fruit 
C)  ​fatty fish 
D)  ​nuts 
E)  ​fiber 
A)  desserts 
B)  ​fruit 
C)  ​fatty fish 
D)  ​nuts 
E)  ​fiber

Question 6

Which condition is not a chronic complication of diabetes?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​nephropathy 
B)  ​neuropathy 
C)  ​retinopathy 
D)  ​myopathy 
E)  ​sexual dysfunction 
A)  ​nephropathy 
B)  ​neuropathy 
C)  ​retinopathy 
D)  ​myopathy 
E)  ​sexual dysfunction

Question 7

Glycosuria generally occurs when blood glucose exceeds _____ milligrams per deciliter.

Accepted Answer

A)  120​ 
B)  ​140 
C)  ​160 
D)  ​200 
E)  ​300 
A)  120​ 
B)  ​140 
C)  ​160 
D)  ​200 
E)  ​300

Question 8

Which group of symptoms is characteristic of the metabolic syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​abdominalobesity, reduced HDL cholesterol levels, hyperglycemia 
B)  ​hypertension, hypoglycemia, abdominal obesity 
C)  ​elevated liver enzymes, insulin resistance, albuminuria 
D)  ​polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia 
E)  ​abdominalobesity, renal disease, reduced cholesterol, elevated HDL 
A)  ​abdominalobesity, reduced HDL cholesterol levels, hyperglycemia 
B)  ​hypertension, hypoglycemia, abdominal obesity 
C)  ​elevated liver enzymes, insulin resistance, albuminuria 
D)  ​polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia 
E)  ​abdominalobesity, renal disease, reduced cholesterol, elevated HDL

Question 9

Matching
-hypoglycemia

Accepted Answer

A) a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia and disordered insulin metabolism 
B) elevated blood glucose concentrations 
C) the condition in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes 
D) a distinctive fruity odor on the breath of a person with ketosis 
E) the presence of albumin in the urine; a sign of diabetic nephropathy
F)a coma that occurs in uncontrolled diabetes; may be due to diabetic ketoacidosis, the hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, or severe hypoglycemia
G)extreme hyperglycemia that is associated with hyperosmolar blood, dehydration, and altered mental status
H)abnormally low concentrations of blood glucose
I)delayed stomach emptying
J)pain in the legs while walking; usually due to an inadequate supply of blood to the muscles 
A) a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia and disordered insulin metabolism 
B) elevated blood glucose concentrations 
C) the condition in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes 
D) a distinctive fruity odor on the breath of a person with ketosis 
E) the presence of albumin in the urine; a sign of diabetic nephropathy
F)a coma that occurs in uncontrolled diabetes; may be due to diabetic ketoacidosis, the hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, or severe hypoglycemia
G)extreme hyperglycemia that is associated with hyperosmolar blood, dehydration, and altered mental status
H)abnormally low concentrations of blood glucose
I)delayed stomach emptying
J)pain in the legs while walking; usually due to an inadequate supply of blood to the muscles

Question 10

Chronic complications of diabetes typically affect the blood vessels and the bones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which food should not be included in the diet of a person with diabetes?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​dried beans and peas 
B)  ​fruits 
C)  ​trans fats 
D)  ​whole-grain breads 
E)  ​sugar substitutes 
A)  ​dried beans and peas 
B)  ​fruits 
C)  ​trans fats 
D)  ​whole-grain breads 
E)  ​sugar substitutes

Question 12

Which food would have the least effect on blood glucose levels?

Accepted Answer

A)  fruit juice​ 
B)  ​whole-grain cereal 
C)  ​biscuit 
D)  ​vanilla wafer 
E)  ​white rice 
A)  fruit juice​ 
B)  ​whole-grain cereal 
C)  ​biscuit 
D)  ​vanilla wafer 
E)  ​white rice

Question 13

Type 2 diabetes is associated with _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​autoimmune diseases 
B)  ​insulin resistance 
C)  ​destruction of pancreatic beta cells 
D)  ​viral infection 
E)  ​low insulin secretion 
A)  ​autoimmune diseases 
B)  ​insulin resistance 
C)  ​destruction of pancreatic beta cells 
D)  ​viral infection 
E)  ​low insulin secretion

Question 14

To reduce the saturated fat content of the diabetic diet, all of these foods should be emphasized except _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​lean meats 
B)  ​legumes 
C)  ​cheese 
D)  ​vegetable oils 
E)  ​dietary fibers 
A)  ​lean meats 
B)  ​legumes 
C)  ​cheese 
D)  ​vegetable oils 
E)  ​dietary fibers

Question 15

Matching
-hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome​

Accepted Answer

A) a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia and disordered insulin metabolism 
B) elevated blood glucose concentrations 
C) the condition in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes 
D) a distinctive fruity odor on the breath of a person with ketosis 
E) the presence of albumin in the urine; a sign of diabetic nephropathy
F)a coma that occurs in uncontrolled diabetes; may be due to diabetic ketoacidosis, the hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, or severe hypoglycemia
G)extreme hyperglycemia that is associated with hyperosmolar blood, dehydration, and altered mental status
H)abnormally low concentrations of blood glucose
I)delayed stomach emptying
J)pain in the legs while walking; usually due to an inadequate supply of blood to the muscles 
A) a group of metabolic disorders characterized by hyperglycemia and disordered insulin metabolism 
B) elevated blood glucose concentrations 
C) the condition in which blood glucose levels are higher than normal but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes 
D) a distinctive fruity odor on the breath of a person with ketosis 
E) the presence of albumin in the urine; a sign of diabetic nephropathy
F)a coma that occurs in uncontrolled diabetes; may be due to diabetic ketoacidosis, the hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state, or severe hypoglycemia
G)extreme hyperglycemia that is associated with hyperosmolar blood, dehydration, and altered mental status
H)abnormally low concentrations of blood glucose
I)delayed stomach emptying
J)pain in the legs while walking; usually due to an inadequate supply of blood to the muscles

Question 16

Which insulin preparation has the quickest onset of action?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​lispro 
B)  ​regular 
C)  ​NPH 
D)  ​glargine 
E)  ​detemir 
A)  ​lispro 
B)  ​regular 
C)  ​NPH 
D)  ​glargine 
E)  ​detemir

Question 17

Patients diagnosed with diabetes need to receive education in all of these areas except _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​meal planning 
B)  ​blood glucose monitoring 
C)  ​physical activity 
D)  ​dialysis 
E)  ​appropriate physical activity 
A)  ​meal planning 
B)  ​blood glucose monitoring 
C)  ​physical activity 
D)  ​dialysis 
E)  ​appropriate physical activity

Question 18

Type 2 diabetes often goes undiagnosed in overweight children and teens because _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​their glucose levels vary with their stage of growth 
B)  ​there are frequently no symptoms 
C)  ​blood glucose tests are not accurate in children and teens 
D)  ​their lifestyles are not conducive to screening for the disease 
E)  ​it is a rare condition in children 
A)  ​their glucose levels vary with their stage of growth 
B)  ​there are frequently no symptoms 
C)  ​blood glucose tests are not accurate in children and teens 
D)  ​their lifestyles are not conducive to screening for the disease 
E)  ​it is a rare condition in children

Question 19

Mr. Joiner's blood glucose level meets the criteria for a diagnosis of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​type 1 diabetes 
B)  ​type 2 diabetes 
C)  ​prediabetes 
D)  ​ketoacidosis 
E)  ​hypoglycemia 
A)  ​type 1 diabetes 
B)  ​type 2 diabetes 
C)  ​prediabetes 
D)  ​ketoacidosis 
E)  ​hypoglycemia

Question 20

In severe cases of diabetic ketoacidosis, blood glucose levels can exceed 1000 mg/dL.​

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 21: Carbohydrate Controlled Diets for Diabetes Mellitus

Consistent carbohydrate intake is required for patients who are _____.

To reduce his risk of developing diabetes, Mr. Joiner should follow all of these recommendations except _____.

The HbA1C test is used to determine the _____.​

Matching -resistin

Individuals with hypertriglyceridemia should reduce their intake of _____.

Which condition is not a chronic complication of diabetes?

Glycosuria generally occurs when blood glucose exceeds _____ milligrams per deciliter.

Which group of symptoms is characteristic of the metabolic syndrome?

Matching -hypoglycemia

Chronic complications of diabetes typically affect the blood vessels and the bones.

Which food should not be included in the diet of a person with diabetes?​

Which food would have the least effect on blood glucose levels?

Type 2 diabetes is associated with _____.

To reduce the saturated fat content of the diabetic diet, all of these foods should be emphasized except _____.

Matching -hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome​

Which insulin preparation has the quickest onset of action?

Patients diagnosed with diabetes need to receive education in all of these areas except _____.

Type 2 diabetes often goes undiagnosed in overweight children and teens because _____.

Mr. Joiner's blood glucose level meets the criteria for a diagnosis of _____.

In severe cases of diabetic ketoacidosis, blood glucose levels can exceed 1000 mg/dL.​

Overview of Nutrition and Health

Carbohydrates

Lipids

Protein

Digestion and Absorption

Metabolism Energy Balance and Body Composition

Weight Management Overweight and Underweight

The Vitamins

Water and the Minerals

Fitness and Nutrition

Nutrition Through the Life Span Pregnancy and Lactation

Nutrition Through the Life Span Infancy Childhood and Adolescence

Nutrition Through the Life Span Later Adulthood

Illness and Nutrition Care

Medications - Diet Drug Interactions - and Herbal Supplements

Specialized Nutrition Support - Enteral and Parenteral Nutrition

Foods and Food Consistency for Upper Gi Disorders

Fiber-Modified Diets for Lower Gastrointestinal Tract Disorders

Carbohydrate - and Fat Modified Diets for Malabsorption Disorders

Nutrition Therapy for Liver and Gallbladder Diseases

Fat Controlled - Mineral Modified Diets for Cardiovascular Diseases

Protein - Mineral - and Fluid Modified Diets for Kidney Diseases

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Metabolic and Respiratory Stress

Energy - and Protein - Modified Diets for Cancer and HIV Infection

Filters

The HbA1C test is used to determine the _____.

Which food should not be included in the diet of a person with diabetes?

Matching -hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome

In severe cases of diabetic ketoacidosis, blood glucose levels can exceed 1000 mg/dL.