Exam 19: Nutrition and Liver Diseases

An important consideration in the diet of a patient with esophageal varices is to provide a _____.​

What signs or symptoms best describe ascites?​

Hepatomegaly refers to a surgical puncture of a body cavity with an aspirator to draw out excess fluid.

Matching a. an advanced stage of liver disease in which extensive scarring replaces healthy liver tissue b. the small, capillary-like passages that carry blood through liver tissue c. the product of alcohol metabolism that is used as a source of energy by many tissues in the body d. loss of consciousness resulting from severe liver disease e. a surgical puncture of a body cavity with an aspirator to draw out excess fluid f. enlargement of the liver g. abnormally low sodium levels in the blood h. the continued use of alcohol despite the development of social, legal, or health problems i. inflammation of the liver j. a passage within the liver that connects a portion of the portal vein to the hepatic vein using a stent k. liver disease that is related to excessive alcohol consumption l. an accumulation of fat in liver tissue m. the blood vessel that conducts nutrient-rich blood from the digestive tract to the liver n. an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity o. the reduced sensitivity to insulin in liver, muscle, and adipose cells p. abnormally dilated blood vessels q. an alcoholic beverage that contains about half an ounce of pure alcohol r. yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes due to an accumulation of bilirubin s. itchy skin t. an intermediate in alcohol metabolism that, in excess, can damage the body's tissues and interfere with cellular functions -​fatty liver

Protein and energy requirements are increased after transplantation due to the stress of surgery.​

Matching a. an advanced stage of liver disease in which extensive scarring replaces healthy liver tissue b. the small, capillary-like passages that carry blood through liver tissue c. the product of alcohol metabolism that is used as a source of energy by many tissues in the body d. loss of consciousness resulting from severe liver disease e. a surgical puncture of a body cavity with an aspirator to draw out excess fluid f. enlargement of the liver g. abnormally low sodium levels in the blood h. the continued use of alcohol despite the development of social, legal, or health problems i. inflammation of the liver j. a passage within the liver that connects a portion of the portal vein to the hepatic vein using a stent k. liver disease that is related to excessive alcohol consumption l. an accumulation of fat in liver tissue m. the blood vessel that conducts nutrient-rich blood from the digestive tract to the liver n. an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity o. the reduced sensitivity to insulin in liver, muscle, and adipose cells p. abnormally dilated blood vessels q. an alcoholic beverage that contains about half an ounce of pure alcohol r. yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes due to an accumulation of bilirubin s. itchy skin t. an intermediate in alcohol metabolism that, in excess, can damage the body's tissues and interfere with cellular functions -drink

Matching a. an advanced stage of liver disease in which extensive scarring replaces healthy liver tissue b. the small, capillary-like passages that carry blood through liver tissue c. the product of alcohol metabolism that is used as a source of energy by many tissues in the body d. loss of consciousness resulting from severe liver disease e. a surgical puncture of a body cavity with an aspirator to draw out excess fluid f. enlargement of the liver g. abnormally low sodium levels in the blood h. the continued use of alcohol despite the development of social, legal, or health problems i. inflammation of the liver j. a passage within the liver that connects a portion of the portal vein to the hepatic vein using a stent k. liver disease that is related to excessive alcohol consumption l. an accumulation of fat in liver tissue m. the blood vessel that conducts nutrient-rich blood from the digestive tract to the liver n. an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity o. the reduced sensitivity to insulin in liver, muscle, and adipose cells p. abnormally dilated blood vessels q. an alcoholic beverage that contains about half an ounce of pure alcohol r. yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes due to an accumulation of bilirubin s. itchy skin t. an intermediate in alcohol metabolism that, in excess, can damage the body's tissues and interfere with cellular functions -​varices

The immediate concerns that the nurse must recognize when caring for a patient who has had a liver transplant are organ rejection and _____.​

The most common cause of infection with acute hepatitis A virus is _____.​

Matching a. an advanced stage of liver disease in which extensive scarring replaces healthy liver tissue b. the small, capillary-like passages that carry blood through liver tissue c. the product of alcohol metabolism that is used as a source of energy by many tissues in the body d. loss of consciousness resulting from severe liver disease e. a surgical puncture of a body cavity with an aspirator to draw out excess fluid f. enlargement of the liver g. abnormally low sodium levels in the blood h. the continued use of alcohol despite the development of social, legal, or health problems i. inflammation of the liver j. a passage within the liver that connects a portion of the portal vein to the hepatic vein using a stent k. liver disease that is related to excessive alcohol consumption l. an accumulation of fat in liver tissue m. the blood vessel that conducts nutrient-rich blood from the digestive tract to the liver n. an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity o. the reduced sensitivity to insulin in liver, muscle, and adipose cells p. abnormally dilated blood vessels q. an alcoholic beverage that contains about half an ounce of pure alcohol r. yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes due to an accumulation of bilirubin s. itchy skin t. an intermediate in alcohol metabolism that, in excess, can damage the body's tissues and interfere with cellular functions -hepatomegaly​

Matching a. an advanced stage of liver disease in which extensive scarring replaces healthy liver tissue b. the small, capillary-like passages that carry blood through liver tissue c. the product of alcohol metabolism that is used as a source of energy by many tissues in the body d. loss of consciousness resulting from severe liver disease e. a surgical puncture of a body cavity with an aspirator to draw out excess fluid f. enlargement of the liver g. abnormally low sodium levels in the blood h. the continued use of alcohol despite the development of social, legal, or health problems i. inflammation of the liver j. a passage within the liver that connects a portion of the portal vein to the hepatic vein using a stent k. liver disease that is related to excessive alcohol consumption l. an accumulation of fat in liver tissue m. the blood vessel that conducts nutrient-rich blood from the digestive tract to the liver n. an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity o. the reduced sensitivity to insulin in liver, muscle, and adipose cells p. abnormally dilated blood vessels q. an alcoholic beverage that contains about half an ounce of pure alcohol r. yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes due to an accumulation of bilirubin s. itchy skin t. an intermediate in alcohol metabolism that, in excess, can damage the body's tissues and interfere with cellular functions -hepatic portal vein

Mr. Rahman is an alcoholic patient with cirrhosis. He is malnourished and is experiencing protein catabolism. What action is most important to minimize the loss of lean body mass?​

Kim is a 27-year-old well-nourished female who has been diagnosed with hepatitis A. Which nutrition intervention is most appropriate for Kim?​

​ In many individuals, fatty liver may be associated with steatohepatitis and _____.

Andrew Jamison is a 47-year-old construction worker with a long history of alcohol abuse. Recently he has been experiencing fatigue, weakness, loss of appetite, and weight loss. A visit to his physician and laboratory testing confirmed a diagnosis of cirrhosis. He is 5'10" tall and currently weighs 145 pounds. ​ -If Mr. Jamison develops advanced cirrhosis, what potential complication may he develop?​

Hepatitis is most often treated with _____. ​

Brian is a 21-year-old Caucasian student who is in his last year of college. Though he is a good student, it has been Brian's practice since freshman year to binge drink on weekends, typically consuming more than a six-pack of beer on Friday and Saturday nights. Brian is 5'11" tall; has weighed about the same, 195 lbs., for the past few years; and is fairly muscular and athletic in his build. He eats most meals in the cafeteria, but despite access to homemade foods, he eats few vegetables, fruits, and whole grains, and his diet is high in fat and salt. The only snacks he consumes are from the vending machine, and he usually washes down a bag of corn chips with a soda, or grabs a burger, fries, and beer when out on weekends. He doesn't take any medications and has no significant medical history. A recent physical examination in preparation for basketball season revealed no remarkable physical findings except muscle aches since restarting weight lifting and new-onset stomach pain, which the doctor assesses to be gastritis. A lipid profile found his triglycerides and VLDL cholesterol to be elevated. His blood pressure is slightly elevated. He has a family history of hypertension, stroke, and alcohol abuse. ​ -Brian asks if he can take acetaminophen to relieve his muscle aches. The doctor replies _____.​

Matching a. an advanced stage of liver disease in which extensive scarring replaces healthy liver tissue b. the small, capillary-like passages that carry blood through liver tissue c. the product of alcohol metabolism that is used as a source of energy by many tissues in the body d. loss of consciousness resulting from severe liver disease e. a surgical puncture of a body cavity with an aspirator to draw out excess fluid f. enlargement of the liver g. abnormally low sodium levels in the blood h. the continued use of alcohol despite the development of social, legal, or health problems i. inflammation of the liver j. a passage within the liver that connects a portion of the portal vein to the hepatic vein using a stent k. liver disease that is related to excessive alcohol consumption l. an accumulation of fat in liver tissue m. the blood vessel that conducts nutrient-rich blood from the digestive tract to the liver n. an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity o. the reduced sensitivity to insulin in liver, muscle, and adipose cells p. abnormally dilated blood vessels q. an alcoholic beverage that contains about half an ounce of pure alcohol r. yellow discoloration of the skin and eyes due to an accumulation of bilirubin s. itchy skin t. an intermediate in alcohol metabolism that, in excess, can damage the body's tissues and interfere with cellular functions -​hepatic coma

Eating well and taking supplements of protein, vitamins, and minerals protect the body from harmful effects of alcohol.​

The most common conditions that precede liver transplantation are chronic hepatitis C infection and _____. ​