Question 1

Figure 52-2 ​
 
​
The first panel of the sequence in the accompanying figure reflects:

Accepted Answer

A)  trial-and-error. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  an irrelevant stimulus. 
D)  the conditioned response. 
E)  the unconditioned response. 
A)  trial-and-error. 
B)  negative reinforcement. 
C)  an irrelevant stimulus. 
D)  the conditioned response. 
E)  the unconditioned response.

Question 2

An animal must be physiologically ready before it can exhibit a behavior pattern. This is NOT illustrated by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Inability of a newborn human to walk 
B)  Inability of a newborn bird to fly 
C)  Inability of a sand wasp pupa to lay eggs 
D)  Inability of an adult human to locate an address 
E)  Inability of a newborn sparrow to sing 
A)  Inability of a newborn human to walk 
B)  Inability of a newborn bird to fly 
C)  Inability of a sand wasp pupa to lay eggs 
D)  Inability of an adult human to locate an address 
E)  Inability of a newborn sparrow to sing

Question 3

A bird is born and raised in captivity. Immediately after release, the bird carries nesting materials underneath the feathers. After three years, the bird starts to consistently carry nesting materials in the bill. This is an example of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Innate behavior 
B)  Learned behavior 
C)  Direct fitness 
D)  Proximate behavior 
E)  Ultimate behavior 
A)  Innate behavior 
B)  Learned behavior 
C)  Direct fitness 
D)  Proximate behavior 
E)  Ultimate behavior

Question 4

In a honeybee society, the worker bees are all male.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Imprinting is a type of social learning based on an early experience.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Distinguish between diurnal, nocturnal, and crepuscular animals, and provide an example of each.

Accepted Answer

Diurnal animals (e.g., honeybees and pig

Question 7

Which paired terms are incorrectly matched?

Accepted Answer

A)  Classical conditioning−extinction 
B)  Habituation−relevant stimuli 
C)  Imprinting−behavioral bonding 
D)  Insight−trial and error 
E)  Operant conditioning−reward 
A)  Classical conditioning−extinction 
B)  Habituation−relevant stimuli 
C)  Imprinting−behavioral bonding 
D)  Insight−trial and error 
E)  Operant conditioning−reward

Question 8

A rat had one bad experience with a poisoned food that caused it to become sick. This rat will now avoid that food due to a behavior known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  habituation. 
C)  imprinting. 
D)  insight. 
E)  operant conditioning. 
A)  classical conditioning. 
B)  habituation. 
C)  imprinting. 
D)  insight. 
E)  operant conditioning.

Question 9

The egg rolling behavior in the European graylag goose is an example of a motor program.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Which of the following changes is an example of a proximate cause of animal migration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Temperature 
B)  Availability of food resources 
C)  Safe nesting sites 
D)  Rainfall 
E)  Day length 
A)  Temperature 
B)  Availability of food resources 
C)  Safe nesting sites 
D)  Rainfall 
E)  Day length

Question 11

Dominance hierarchies:

Accepted Answer

A)  are limited to primate societies. 
B)  are only characteristic of males defending territories. 
C)  are never passed from one generation to the next. 
D)  are always passed from one generation to the next. 
E)  may vary between the sexes in some species. 
A)  are limited to primate societies. 
B)  are only characteristic of males defending territories. 
C)  are never passed from one generation to the next. 
D)  are always passed from one generation to the next. 
E)  may vary between the sexes in some species.

Question 12

The study of behavior in natural environments from an evolutionary perspective is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  ethology. 
B)  animal behavior. 
C)  behavioral ecology. 
D)  behavioral ethology. 
E)  direct fitness. 
A)  ethology. 
B)  animal behavior. 
C)  behavioral ecology. 
D)  behavioral ethology. 
E)  direct fitness.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a cost of social behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased competition for food and habitat 
B)  Increased risk of attracting predators 
C)  Increased risk of transmitting disease 
D)  Time and energy invested in gaining and maintaining social status 
E)  Increased time to locate prey 
A)  Increased competition for food and habitat 
B)  Increased risk of attracting predators 
C)  Increased risk of transmitting disease 
D)  Time and energy invested in gaining and maintaining social status 
E)  Increased time to locate prey

Question 14

Sexual selection:

Accepted Answer

A)  is the basis for establishing elaborate societies. 
B)  leads to a reproductive advantage for some individuals over others of the same sex and species. 
C)  favors monogamous mating systems. 
D)  leads to the investment of parental care of offspring. 
E)  is not a type of natural selection. 
A)  is the basis for establishing elaborate societies. 
B)  leads to a reproductive advantage for some individuals over others of the same sex and species. 
C)  favors monogamous mating systems. 
D)  leads to the investment of parental care of offspring. 
E)  is not a type of natural selection.

Question 15

A behavioral pattern can be triggered by a(n):

Accepted Answer

A)  circadian rhythm. 
B)  environmental stimulus. 
C)  positive reinforcement. 
D)  psychological stimulus. 
E)  sign stimulus. 
A)  circadian rhythm. 
B)  environmental stimulus. 
C)  positive reinforcement. 
D)  psychological stimulus. 
E)  sign stimulus.

Question 16

Match between columns
                        Premises: One male mating with several females

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Pair bonds and Intersexual selection and Polygyny is...

Question 17

When some birds mature, they migrate long distances to their breeding grounds or to escape harsh weather. A signal for this type of behavior is often:

Accepted Answer

A)  a conditioned stimulus. 
B)  day length. 
C)  negative reinforcement. 
D)  a sign stimulus. 
E)  territoriality. 
A)  a conditioned stimulus. 
B)  day length. 
C)  negative reinforcement. 
D)  a sign stimulus. 
E)  territoriality.

Question 18

In some animals, such as the marsh wren, one male bird mates with several females. This is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  polygyny. 
B)  polyandry. 
C)  monogamy. 
D)  a dominance hierarchy. 
E)  codominance. 
A)  polygyny. 
B)  polyandry. 
C)  monogamy. 
D)  a dominance hierarchy. 
E)  codominance.

Question 19

Hansen's rule is a mathematical model dealing with altruism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The salivating response to a bell is what Pavlov called an unconditioned response.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 52: Animal Behavior

Figure 52-2 ​ ​ The first panel of the sequence in the accompanying figure reflects:

An animal must be physiologically ready before it can exhibit a behavior pattern. This is NOT illustrated by which of the following?

A bird is born and raised in captivity. Immediately after release, the bird carries nesting materials underneath the feathers. After three years, the bird starts to consistently carry nesting materials in the bill. This is an example of which of the following?

In a honeybee society, the worker bees are all male.

Imprinting is a type of social learning based on an early experience.

Distinguish between diurnal, nocturnal, and crepuscular animals, and provide an example of each.

Which paired terms are incorrectly matched?

A rat had one bad experience with a poisoned food that caused it to become sick. This rat will now avoid that food due to a behavior known as:

The egg rolling behavior in the European graylag goose is an example of a motor program.

Which of the following changes is an example of a proximate cause of animal migration?

Dominance hierarchies:

The study of behavior in natural environments from an evolutionary perspective is called:

Which of the following is NOT a cost of social behavior?

Sexual selection:

A behavioral pattern can be triggered by a(n):

When some birds mature, they migrate long distances to their breeding grounds or to escape harsh weather. A signal for this type of behavior is often:

In some animals, such as the marsh wren, one male bird mates with several females. This is known as:

Hansen's rule is a mathematical model dealing with altruism.

The salivating response to a bell is what Pavlov called an unconditioned response.

A View of Life

Atoms and Molecules: the Chemical Basis of Life

The Chemistry of Life: Organic Compounds

Organization of the Cell

Biological Membranes

Cell Communication

Energy and Metabolism

How Cells Make Atp: Energy-Releasing Pathways

Photosynthesis: Capturing Light Energy

Chromosomes, Mitosis, and Meiosis

The Basic Principles of Heredity

DNA: The Carrier of Genetic Information

Gene Expression

Gene Regulation

DNA Technology and Genomics

Human Genetics and the Human Genome

Developmental Genetics

Introduction to Darwinian Evolution

Evolutionary Change in Populations

Speciation and Macroevolution

The Origin and Evolutionary History of Life

The Evolution of Primates

Understanding Diversity: Systematics

Viruses and Subviral Agents

Bacteria and Archaea

Protists

Seedless Plants

Seed Plants

The Fungi

An Introduction to Animal Diversity

Sponges, Cnidarians, Ctenophores, and Protostomes

The Deuterostomes

Plant Structure, Growth, and Development

Leaf Structure and Function

Stem Structure and Transport

Roots and Mineral Nutrition

Reproduction in Flowering Plants

Plant Developmental Responses to External and Internal Signals

Animal Structure and Function: an Introduction

Protection, Support, and Movement

Neural Signaling

Neural Regulation

Sensory Systems

Internal Transport

The Immune System: Internal Defense

Gas Exchange

Processing Food and Nutrition

Osmoregulation and Disposal of Metabolic Wastes

Endocrine Regulation

Reproduction

Animal Development

Introduction to Ecology: Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems and the Biosphere

Ecology and the Geography of Life

Biological Diversity and Conservation Biology

Filters

Figure 52-2 The first panel of the sequence in the accompanying figure reflects: