Exam 3: Cell Structure and Function

The permeability of weak acids and bases across a membrane has implications for pharmaceutical treatment of disease. Assuming equal effectiveness in the lab, what type of molecule would be best to treat a bacterium growing in stomach acid, and why?

A ________ is a term used to designate a single messenger RNA molecule being translated by multiple ribosomes.

With respect to the proteins involved in the polarity of Caulobacter, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Which of these experiments would NOT be a reason to fractionate bacterial cells?

Compare and contrast FtsZ and tubulin. Why do the similarities support evolution of prokaryotes and eukaryotes from a common ancestor?

The lipopolysaccharide of the outer membrane is of medical importance because it acts as a(n)

Describe four ways cells can be broken open in order to isolate the cellular components.

Which of the following reinforces and stiffens membranes in bacteria?

Bacterial shape is determined by

The periplasm in Gram-negative bacteria is filled with proteins. Describe the importance of these proteins.

In the figure below, which of the four fatty acids adds fluidity to a membrane, and what type of bond allows this to happen?

Penicillin-binding proteins (pbps) are proteins located in the periplasmic space in Gram-negative bacteria and are involved in synthesizing the cell wall. Thus, they are a target for antibiotics and are of interest to drug developers. Describe how one could obtain these pbps for further study.

Polyamines are ________ charged when the pH is near neutral.

From your knowledge of Gram-positive and Gram-negative cell envelopes, why would penicillin be more effective in killing Gram-positive organisms than Gram-negative organisms?

List and briefly describe four components of a typical bacterial cell.

Explain how bacteria can produce proteins more quickly than eukaryotes do.

Which of the following types of molecules may passively diffuse across a membrane?

All of the statements about genetic analysis of cells complementing cell fractionation are true EXCEPT that it

Which of the following materials is found in aquatic bacteria and used for positioning in the water column?

All of the following are true statements about bacterial S-layers EXCEPT that they