Question 1

What is the cardiac cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  The movement of blood from systemic to pulmonary circulation 
B)  The alternating relaxation and contraction of the heart chambers 
C)  The movement of blood from the heart to the lungs and then back to the heart 
D)  The passage of electrical impulses from the AV node to the SN node to heart muscle 
A)  The movement of blood from systemic to pulmonary circulation 
B)  The alternating relaxation and contraction of the heart chambers 
C)  The movement of blood from the heart to the lungs and then back to the heart 
D)  The passage of electrical impulses from the AV node to the SN node to heart muscle

Question 2

In fishes, blood leaving the heart goes directly to the

Accepted Answer

A)  brain. 
B)  swimming muscles. 
C)  gills. 
D)  kidney. 
A)  brain. 
B)  swimming muscles. 
C)  gills. 
D)  kidney.

Question 3

During clotting, what happens to the plasma protein fibrinogen?

Accepted Answer

It is converted into fibrin, w

Question 4

Females need more dietary iron than males because they

Accepted Answer

A)  lose more iron (during menstruation). 
B)  have fewer red blood cells. 
C)  have a smaller volume of blood. 
D)  have less bone marrow. 
E)  eat less red meat than males. 
A)  lose more iron (during menstruation). 
B)  have fewer red blood cells. 
C)  have a smaller volume of blood. 
D)  have less bone marrow. 
E)  eat less red meat than males.

Question 5

What is the role of valves in the veins?

Accepted Answer

A)  They push the blood back toward the capillaries so that all the oxygen can be removed. 
B)  They push the blood upward toward the heart. 
C)  They slow blood flow in the veins so that the blood can move more slowly in the capillaries. 
D)  They block the flow of blood to the heart until it has time to contract again. 
E)  They keep blood from flowing backward when the veins are squeezed by skeletal muscles. 
A)  They push the blood back toward the capillaries so that all the oxygen can be removed. 
B)  They push the blood upward toward the heart. 
C)  They slow blood flow in the veins so that the blood can move more slowly in the capillaries. 
D)  They block the flow of blood to the heart until it has time to contract again. 
E)  They keep blood from flowing backward when the veins are squeezed by skeletal muscles.

Question 6

All of the following are true statements about the lymphatic system EXCEPT that

Accepted Answer

A)  the lymphatic system returns fluids to the bloodstream. 
B)  lymphatic vessels resemble veins because they have valves. 
C)  the lymphatic system helps defend the body against disease. 
D)  the lymphatic system transports carbohydrates from the small intestine to the blood. 
A)  the lymphatic system returns fluids to the bloodstream. 
B)  lymphatic vessels resemble veins because they have valves. 
C)  the lymphatic system helps defend the body against disease. 
D)  the lymphatic system transports carbohydrates from the small intestine to the blood.

Question 7

In which vertebrate group are there two atria but only a single ventricle?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some reptiles 
B)  Crocodiles 
C)  Fishes 
D)  Birds 
E)  Mammals 
A)  Some reptiles 
B)  Crocodiles 
C)  Fishes 
D)  Birds 
E)  Mammals

Question 8

The most abundant cell type in blood is the

Accepted Answer

A)  platelet. 
B)  neutrophil. 
C)  erythrocyte. 
D)  basophil. 
E)  leukocyte. 
A)  platelet. 
B)  neutrophil. 
C)  erythrocyte. 
D)  basophil. 
E)  leukocyte.

Question 9

Imagine that you are a red blood cell. Describe your "Trek Through the Heart" from when you enter until you finally exit. (Hint: You enter the right atrium. What next?)

Accepted Answer

You enter the right atrium and go into t

Question 10

Some athletes use "blood doping," in which additional red blood cells are added to the blood prior to the competition. What is the effect of blood doping?

Accepted Answer

A)  It increases oxygen delivery to muscles. 
B)  It makes blood thinner so that it flows faster. 
C)  It changes the blood type. 
D)  It decreases blood pressure. 
A)  It increases oxygen delivery to muscles. 
B)  It makes blood thinner so that it flows faster. 
C)  It changes the blood type. 
D)  It decreases blood pressure.

Question 11

What drives the return of blood to the heart in the systemic veins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Muscles squeezing blood through the veins 
B)  The lymphatic system 
C)  Contractions of the left auricle 
D)  Ciliated cells lining the inside of the veins 
A)  Muscles squeezing blood through the veins 
B)  The lymphatic system 
C)  Contractions of the left auricle 
D)  Ciliated cells lining the inside of the veins

Question 12

In vertebrates, which heart chamber supplies oxygenated blood to the body cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Right ventricle 
B)  Left atrium 
C)  Right atrium 
D)  Left ventricle 
A)  Right ventricle 
B)  Left atrium 
C)  Right atrium 
D)  Left ventricle

Question 13

Which of the following is smallest in diameter?

Accepted Answer

A)  Capillary 
B)  Veni 
C)  Venule 
D)  Arteriole 
E)  Artery 
A)  Capillary 
B)  Veni 
C)  Venule 
D)  Arteriole 
E)  Artery

Question 14

Southern Copperhead snake venom contains a protein called disintegrin. Disintegrins bind to a class of membrane receptors called integrins. Platelets use integrin receptors to aggregate at a site of tissue damage. Why does the snake venom contain this molecule?

Accepted Answer

A)  After the snake bites its prey, the molecule helps in wound healing. 
B)  The molecule helps kill the snake's prey by producing large clots that travel in the body and produce heart attacks and strokes. 
C)  By binding to the platelets, the molecule inhibits the formation of fibrin. 
D)  The molecule interferes with clot formation so that the venom can travel more efficiently from the site of the bite to the rest of the body. 
A)  After the snake bites its prey, the molecule helps in wound healing. 
B)  The molecule helps kill the snake's prey by producing large clots that travel in the body and produce heart attacks and strokes. 
C)  By binding to the platelets, the molecule inhibits the formation of fibrin. 
D)  The molecule interferes with clot formation so that the venom can travel more efficiently from the site of the bite to the rest of the body.

Question 15

Rheumatic fever (RF) is an inflammatory disease following infection from Streptococcus bacteria. It mainly affects children between ages 5 and 15 and occurs approximately 20 days after strep throat or scarlet fever. Severe RF ca in degeneration of the heart valves. Based on this scenario, RF is most likely to cause

Accepted Answer

A)  uncoordinated contraction of ventricles. 
B)  "backslide" of blood from a ventricle to an atrium. 
C)  faster heartbeat. 
D)  slower heartbeat. 
A)  uncoordinated contraction of ventricles. 
B)  "backslide" of blood from a ventricle to an atrium. 
C)  faster heartbeat. 
D)  slower heartbeat.

Question 16

Imagine that you are about to give blood for the first time. While watching other donors around you, you become pale and have to sit down before you faint. Which vessels constricted to produce this nervous side effect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Capillaries 
B)  Venules 
C)  Arteries 
D)  Arterioles 
E)  Veins 
A)  Capillaries 
B)  Venules 
C)  Arteries 
D)  Arterioles 
E)  Veins

Question 17

Why is HDL cholesterol considered to be "good" cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

HDL cholesterol is metabolized

Question 18

An artificial pacemaker is a device that replaces the actions of the

Accepted Answer

A)  atrioventricular node. 
B)  sinoatrial node. 
C)  ventricles. 
D)  atria. 
A)  atrioventricular node. 
B)  sinoatrial node. 
C)  ventricles. 
D)  atria.

Question 19

Ventricles force blood directly into the

Accepted Answer

A)  venules. 
B)  arterioles. 
C)  arteries. 
D)  veins. 
E)  capillaries. 
A)  venules. 
B)  arterioles. 
C)  arteries. 
D)  veins. 
E)  capillaries.

Question 20

When your blood pressure is measured from an artery in your arm, it is a measurement of the pressure produced by your

Accepted Answer

A)  left atrium. 
B)  right ventricle. 
C)  left ventricle. 
D)  right atrium. 
A)  left atrium. 
B)  right ventricle. 
C)  left ventricle. 
D)  right atrium.

Exam 33: Circulation

What is the cardiac cycle?

In fishes, blood leaving the heart goes directly to the

During clotting, what happens to the plasma protein fibrinogen?

Females need more dietary iron than males because they

What is the role of valves in the veins?

All of the following are true statements about the lymphatic system EXCEPT that

In which vertebrate group are there two atria but only a single ventricle?

The most abundant cell type in blood is the

Imagine that you are a red blood cell. Describe your "Trek Through the Heart" from when you enter until you finally exit. (Hint: You enter the right atrium. What next?)

Some athletes use "blood doping," in which additional red blood cells are added to the blood prior to the competition. What is the effect of blood doping?

What drives the return of blood to the heart in the systemic veins?

In vertebrates, which heart chamber supplies oxygenated blood to the body cells?

Which of the following is smallest in diameter?

Southern Copperhead snake venom contains a protein called disintegrin. Disintegrins bind to a class of membrane receptors called integrins. Platelets use integrin receptors to aggregate at a site of tissue damage. Why does the snake venom contain this molecule?

Imagine that you are about to give blood for the first time. While watching other donors around you, you become pale and have to sit down before you faint. Which vessels constricted to produce this nervous side effect?

Why is HDL cholesterol considered to be "good" cholesterol?

An artificial pacemaker is a device that replaces the actions of the

Ventricles force blood directly into the

When your blood pressure is measured from an artery in your arm, it is a measurement of the pressure produced by your

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Dna: the Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity II: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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