Question 1

Which sequence properly describes the flow of blood through a kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal artery, incoming arteriole, glomerulus, outgoing arteriole, peritubular capillaries, venule, renal vein 
B)  Glomerulus, peritubular capillaries, outgoing arteriole, renal artery, incoming arteriole, venule, renal vein 
C)  Renal vein, venule, glomerulus, outgoing arteriole, peritubular capillaries, incoming arteriole, renal artery 
D)  Peritubular capillaries, incoming arteriole, glomerulus, glomerular capsule, outgoing arteriole, renal artery 
A)  Renal artery, incoming arteriole, glomerulus, outgoing arteriole, peritubular capillaries, venule, renal vein 
B)  Glomerulus, peritubular capillaries, outgoing arteriole, renal artery, incoming arteriole, venule, renal vein 
C)  Renal vein, venule, glomerulus, outgoing arteriole, peritubular capillaries, incoming arteriole, renal artery 
D)  Peritubular capillaries, incoming arteriole, glomerulus, glomerular capsule, outgoing arteriole, renal artery

Question 2

Cellular wastes and excess ions are moved from the blood into nephrons by

Accepted Answer

A)  secretion only. 
B)  filtration and secretion. 
C)  filtration and reabsorption. 
D)  filtration only. 
E)  reabsorption only. 
A)  secretion only. 
B)  filtration and secretion. 
C)  filtration and reabsorption. 
D)  filtration only. 
E)  reabsorption only.

Question 3

Which of the following hormones increases blood pressure by constricting arterioles all over the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Angiotensin 
B)  Aldosterone 
C)  Erythropoietin 
D)  ADH 
A)  Angiotensin 
B)  Aldosterone 
C)  Erythropoietin 
D)  ADH

Question 4

The ascending limb of the nephron loop

Accepted Answer

A)  pulls salt from the renal medulla to make the filtrate more concentrated. 
B)  is the primary site of tubular secretion. 
C)  is permeable to salt. 
D)  is permeable to water. 
E)  responds to high levels of ADH in the blood. 
A)  pulls salt from the renal medulla to make the filtrate more concentrated. 
B)  is the primary site of tubular secretion. 
C)  is permeable to salt. 
D)  is permeable to water. 
E)  responds to high levels of ADH in the blood.

Question 5

The likelihood of men over the age of 40 developing an enlarged prostate (often called benign prostatic hyperplasia, or BPH) increases with age. An enlarged prostate is not the same as cancer, and it does not increase a manʹs risk for developing prostate cancer. BPH is so common that it has been said that all men would have an enlarged prostate if they were to live long enough! Some of the complications of BPH are increased frequency of urination, reduced urine output, and uncontrolled ʺdribblingʺ after urination. After an enlarged prostate is surgically removed (a prostatectomy), these symptoms disappear. Based on this scenario and your knowledge of the urinary system, which of the following must be TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The prostate is part of the kidney and assists in urine production. 
B)  Prostate enlargement reduces the ability of the kidneys to filter wastes from the bloodstream. 
C)  The prostate is the only gland that releases ADH, which decreases urine production. 
D)  An enlarged prostate presses on the urethra and bladder, affecting urination. 
A)  The prostate is part of the kidney and assists in urine production. 
B)  Prostate enlargement reduces the ability of the kidneys to filter wastes from the bloodstream. 
C)  The prostate is the only gland that releases ADH, which decreases urine production. 
D)  An enlarged prostate presses on the urethra and bladder, affecting urination.

Question 6

What is the function of secretion?

Accepted Answer

Substances that are harmful to the body,

Question 7

Earthworms utilize Malpighian tubules to conserve water and excrete cellular wastes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Water may be reabsorbed from many regions of the nephron; however, which regions can do so only if the blood levels of ADH are elevated?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proximal and distal tubules 
B)  Proximal tubule and nephron loop 
C)  Distal tubule and collecting duct 
D)  Glomerulus and the glomerular capsule 
E)  Nephron loop and distal tubule 
A)  Proximal and distal tubules 
B)  Proximal tubule and nephron loop 
C)  Distal tubule and collecting duct 
D)  Glomerulus and the glomerular capsule 
E)  Nephron loop and distal tubule

Question 9

What is the process by which water and nutrients are removed from the filtrate and returned to the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  Secretion 
B)  Elimination 
C)  Excretion 
D)  Reabsorption 
E)  Filtration 
A)  Secretion 
B)  Elimination 
C)  Excretion 
D)  Reabsorption 
E)  Filtration

Question 10

Which of the following is the most likely to be secreted into the renal tubule for excretion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glucose 
B)  Excess Na+ 
C)  Vitamins 
D)  Water 
E)  Amino acids 
A)  Glucose 
B)  Excess Na+ 
C)  Vitamins 
D)  Water 
E)  Amino acids

Question 11

Which sequence properly describes the flow of filtrate through the nephron?

Accepted Answer

A)  Glomerulus, peritubular capillaries, renal artery, arteriole, venule, renal vein 
B)  Glomerular capsule, peritubular capillaries, nephron loop, distal tubule, collecting duct 
C)  Glomerular capsule, proximal tubule, nephron loop, distal tubule, collecting duct 
D)  Proximal tubule, nephron loop, glomerular capsule, distal tubule, collecting duct 
E)  Collecting duct, distal tubule, nephron loop, proximal tubule, glomerular capsule 
A)  Glomerulus, peritubular capillaries, renal artery, arteriole, venule, renal vein 
B)  Glomerular capsule, peritubular capillaries, nephron loop, distal tubule, collecting duct 
C)  Glomerular capsule, proximal tubule, nephron loop, distal tubule, collecting duct 
D)  Proximal tubule, nephron loop, glomerular capsule, distal tubule, collecting duct 
E)  Collecting duct, distal tubule, nephron loop, proximal tubule, glomerular capsule

Question 12

The feces of which of the following would contain a high concentration of uric acid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mollusk 
B)  Insect 
C)  Bird 
D)  Flatworm 
A)  Mollusk 
B)  Insect 
C)  Bird 
D)  Flatworm

Question 13

You have conscious control over

Accepted Answer

A)  the internal urethral sphincter. 
B)  muscles that cause the bladder to contract. 
C)  muscles that propel urine from the kidney to the bladder. 
D)  the external urethral sphincter. 
A)  the internal urethral sphincter. 
B)  muscles that cause the bladder to contract. 
C)  muscles that propel urine from the kidney to the bladder. 
D)  the external urethral sphincter.

Question 14

Which of these animals has the greatest proportion of long-looped nephrons in their kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)  A desert mammal, such as a sand rat 
B)  A saltwater fish 
C)  A freshwater fish 
D)  A freshwater mammal, such as a beaver 
E)  A human 
A)  A desert mammal, such as a sand rat 
B)  A saltwater fish 
C)  A freshwater fish 
D)  A freshwater mammal, such as a beaver 
E)  A human

Question 15

The glomerulus, like all other capillary beds, empties into a venule.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Describe the process of hemodialysis.

Accepted Answer

Blood flows through a semiperm

Question 17

What is the basic functional unit of the kidney?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peritubular capillaries 
B)  Glomerular capsule 
C)  Glomerulus 
D)  Collecting duct 
E)  Nephron 
A)  Peritubular capillaries 
B)  Glomerular capsule 
C)  Glomerulus 
D)  Collecting duct 
E)  Nephron

Question 18

Which of the following is NOT a function of the vertebrate urinary system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Regulating body temperature 
B)  Eliminating cellular wastes 
C)  Adjusting water and ion concentrations 
D)  Secreting hormones 
E)  Maintaining blood pH 
A)  Regulating body temperature 
B)  Eliminating cellular wastes 
C)  Adjusting water and ion concentrations 
D)  Secreting hormones 
E)  Maintaining blood pH

Question 19

Urine is the watery liquid that contains substances filtered from the blood or the__________fluid that bathes all cells.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Urine is the watery liquid that contains...

Exam 36: The Urinary System

Which sequence properly describes the flow of blood through a kidney?

Cellular wastes and excess ions are moved from the blood into nephrons by

Which of the following hormones increases blood pressure by constricting arterioles all over the body?

The ascending limb of the nephron loop

What is the function of secretion?

Earthworms utilize Malpighian tubules to conserve water and excrete cellular wastes.

Water may be reabsorbed from many regions of the nephron; however, which regions can do so only if the blood levels of ADH are elevated?

What is the process by which water and nutrients are removed from the filtrate and returned to the blood?

Which of the following is the most likely to be secreted into the renal tubule for excretion?

Which sequence properly describes the flow of filtrate through the nephron?

The feces of which of the following would contain a high concentration of uric acid?

You have conscious control over

Which of these animals has the greatest proportion of long-looped nephrons in their kidneys?

The glomerulus, like all other capillary beds, empties into a venule.

Describe the process of hemodialysis.

What is the basic functional unit of the kidney?

Which of the following is NOT a function of the vertebrate urinary system?

Urine is the watery liquid that contains substances filtered from the blood or the__________fluid that bathes all cells.

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

Filters