Question 1

The function of the epiglottis is to

Accepted Answer

A)  produce surfactant. 
B)  prevent food from entering the larynx. 
C)  facilitate gas exchange in the lungs. 
D)  assist the vocal cords in sound production. 
E)  keep the bronchi from collapsing. 
A)  produce surfactant. 
B)  prevent food from entering the larynx. 
C)  facilitate gas exchange in the lungs. 
D)  assist the vocal cords in sound production. 
E)  keep the bronchi from collapsing. B

Question 2

Compare the way most oxygen is carried in the blood with the way most carbon dioxide is carried.

Accepted Answer

Most oxygen is bound to hemoglobin; most carbon dioxide is carried as bicarbonate ion, with small amounts bound to hemoglobin and dissolved in the plasma.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a feature shared by all animal respiratory surfaces?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are thin. 
B)  They are moist. 
C)  They have a large surface area. 
D)  They are associated with a capillary bed. 
A)  They are thin. 
B)  They are moist. 
C)  They have a large surface area. 
D)  They are associated with a capillary bed. D

Question 4

A thin slice of lung tissue looks like a cross-section of

Accepted Answer

A)  a blown-up balloon. 
B)  a sponge. 
C)  a carrot. 
D)  a ball of worms. 
E)  a piece of wood. 
A)  a blown-up balloon. 
B)  a sponge. 
C)  a carrot. 
D)  a ball of worms. 
E)  a piece of wood.

Question 5

All of the following are possible EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  a voluntary decrease in the rate of breathing. 
B)  inhibition of the respiratory centers in the brain. 
C)  a voluntary increase in the rate of breathing. 
D)  an involuntary increase in the rate of breathing. 
E)  voluntarily holding oneʹs breath until death occurs. 
A)  a voluntary decrease in the rate of breathing. 
B)  inhibition of the respiratory centers in the brain. 
C)  a voluntary increase in the rate of breathing. 
D)  an involuntary increase in the rate of breathing. 
E)  voluntarily holding oneʹs breath until death occurs.

Question 6

In humans, the respiratory rate is primarily regulated by levels of_________ in the blood, which is detected by nerve cells in the respiratory center.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In humans, the respiratory rate is primarily...

Question 7

All of the following are respiratory surfaces EXCEPT for

Accepted Answer

A)  tracheae of a fly. 
B)  skin of earthworms. 
C)  gills of fish. 
D)  alveoli of dogs. 
E)  air sacs of birds. 
A)  tracheae of a fly. 
B)  skin of earthworms. 
C)  gills of fish. 
D)  alveoli of dogs. 
E)  air sacs of birds.

Question 8

Alveoli

Accepted Answer

A)  are blind sacs that extend from tracheae. 
B)  are thick-walled. 
C)  have a moist surface. 
D)  are found in gills. 
E)  are not permeable to dissolved oxygen. 
A)  are blind sacs that extend from tracheae. 
B)  are thick-walled. 
C)  have a moist surface. 
D)  are found in gills. 
E)  are not permeable to dissolved oxygen.

Question 9

A layer of smooth muscle in the wall of this tiny air -conducting tube allows it to regulate its diameter.

Accepted Answer

A)  Larynx 
B)  Pharynx 
C)  Alveolus 
D)  Bronchiole 
E)  Trachea 
A)  Larynx 
B)  Pharynx 
C)  Alveolus 
D)  Bronchiole 
E)  Trachea

Question 10

What stimulates the respiratory center to increase the breathing rate?

Accepted Answer

A rise in

Question 11

What structures make up the large surface area for gas exchange in fishes?

Accepted Answer

There are many gills, each of

Question 12

Which of these animals use gills to respire?

Accepted Answer

A)  Spiders 
B)  Tadpoles 
C)  Insects 
D)  Earthworms 
E)  Jellyfishes 
A)  Spiders 
B)  Tadpoles 
C)  Insects 
D)  Earthworms 
E)  Jellyfishes

Question 13

What effect does smoking have on the movement of mucus in the respiratory tract?)

Accepted Answer

Smoke paralyzes the

Question 14

What happens during countercurrent exchange in fishes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Oxygen enters the blood by active transport, and carbon dioxide exits the blood by diffusion. 
B)  Gas exchange occurs as blood and water move in the same direction across a respiratory surface. 
C)  Oxygen and carbon dioxide move in opposite directions across the respiratory surface by facilitated diffusion. 
D)  Oxygen enters the blood by diffusion, and carbon dioxide exits the blood by active transport. 
E)  Gas exchange occurs as blood and water move in opposite directions across a respiratory surface. 
A)  Oxygen enters the blood by active transport, and carbon dioxide exits the blood by diffusion. 
B)  Gas exchange occurs as blood and water move in the same direction across a respiratory surface. 
C)  Oxygen and carbon dioxide move in opposite directions across the respiratory surface by facilitated diffusion. 
D)  Oxygen enters the blood by diffusion, and carbon dioxide exits the blood by active transport. 
E)  Gas exchange occurs as blood and water move in opposite directions across a respiratory surface.

Question 15

What are spiracles?

Accepted Answer

A)  Openings into the alveoli of the lungs 
B)  Openings between the gills of a frog tadpole 
C)  Openings to the bronchi 
D)  Openings into the tracheae of insects 
E)  Openings to the parabronchi 
A)  Openings into the alveoli of the lungs 
B)  Openings between the gills of a frog tadpole 
C)  Openings to the bronchi 
D)  Openings into the tracheae of insects 
E)  Openings to the parabronchi

Question 16

An emergency room physician has withdrawn blood from a vessel in your arm. The dark red color of the blood indicates that it was

Accepted Answer

A)  going away from the heart. 
B)  on its way to the tissues of the arm. 
C)  taken from an artery. 
D)  coming from the lungs. 
E)  taken from a vein. 
A)  going away from the heart. 
B)  on its way to the tissues of the arm. 
C)  taken from an artery. 
D)  coming from the lungs. 
E)  taken from a vein.

Question 17

During inhalation, air leaving the nasal cavity passes into the

Accepted Answer

A)  larynx. 
B)  trachea. 
C)  bronchi. 
D)  pharynx. 
E)  bronchioles. 
A)  larynx. 
B)  trachea. 
C)  bronchi. 
D)  pharynx. 
E)  bronchioles.

Question 18

The cells of cnidarians use relatively little energy, so their demand for oxygen is quite low. They deliver oxygen to their internal cells by pumping water into and out of a central chamber called the_________ .

Accepted Answer

gastrovasc

Question 19

Based on this figure, which of the following contains the most oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A)  Blood leaving the tissues 
B)  Blood leaving the right ventricle 
C)  Blood entering the left atrium 
D)  Blood entering the alveoli 
A)  Blood leaving the tissues 
B)  Blood leaving the right ventricle 
C)  Blood entering the left atrium 
D)  Blood entering the alveoli

Question 20

In the lungs, oxygen moves from air into blood by

Accepted Answer

A)  bulk flow. 
B)  diffusion. 
C)  osmosis. 
D)  facilitated diffusion. 
E)  active transport. 
A)  bulk flow. 
B)  diffusion. 
C)  osmosis. 
D)  facilitated diffusion. 
E)  active transport.

Exam 34: Respiration

The function of the epiglottis is to

Compare the way most oxygen is carried in the blood with the way most carbon dioxide is carried.

Which of the following is NOT a feature shared by all animal respiratory surfaces?

A thin slice of lung tissue looks like a cross-section of

All of the following are possible EXCEPT

In humans, the respiratory rate is primarily regulated by levels of_________ in the blood, which is detected by nerve cells in the respiratory center.

All of the following are respiratory surfaces EXCEPT for

Alveoli

A layer of smooth muscle in the wall of this tiny air -conducting tube allows it to regulate its diameter.

What stimulates the respiratory center to increase the breathing rate?

What structures make up the large surface area for gas exchange in fishes?

Which of these animals use gills to respire?

What effect does smoking have on the movement of mucus in the respiratory tract?)

What happens during countercurrent exchange in fishes?

What are spiracles?

An emergency room physician has withdrawn blood from a vessel in your arm. The dark red color of the blood indicates that it was

During inhalation, air leaving the nasal cavity passes into the

The cells of cnidarians use relatively little energy, so their demand for oxygen is quite low. They deliver oxygen to their internal cells by pumping water into and out of a central chamber called the_________ .

Based on this figure, which of the following contains the most oxygen?

In the lungs, oxygen moves from air into blood by

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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