Question 1

During gas exchange in the lungs, _________diffuses from the alveoli into the bloodstream capillaries, and _________diffuses from the bloodstream capillaries into the alveoli.

Accepted Answer

oxygen; ca

Question 2

The operculum of fishes covers the gills, protecting them from damage and predators. What additional functions does the operculum have?

Accepted Answer

It streamlines the b

Question 3

Most carbon dioxide is transported in red blood cells bound to hemoglobin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Refer to this figure to determine which of the following statements is correct.

Accepted Answer

A)  Lamellae bring air within diffusing distance of each body cell. 
B)  Oxygen diffuses out of blood as it flows through lamellae. 
C)  Blood and water are flowing in the same direction (concurrent). 
D)  Blood and water are flowing in opposite directions (countercurrent). 
A)  Lamellae bring air within diffusing distance of each body cell. 
B)  Oxygen diffuses out of blood as it flows through lamellae. 
C)  Blood and water are flowing in the same direction (concurrent). 
D)  Blood and water are flowing in opposite directions (countercurrent).

Question 5

The respiratory systems of fishes, frogs, sponges, and earthworms are similar in that they

Accepted Answer

A)  have a countercurrent exchange system. 
B)  employ an extensive system of air sacs that ensures a unidirectional flow of air. 
C)  exchange gases across a moist respiratory surface. 
D)  have internal respiratory structures. 
E)  utilize a complex network of air-conducting tubes. 
A)  have a countercurrent exchange system. 
B)  employ an extensive system of air sacs that ensures a unidirectional flow of air. 
C)  exchange gases across a moist respiratory surface. 
D)  have internal respiratory structures. 
E)  utilize a complex network of air-conducting tubes.

Question 6

The carbon dioxide that is exhaled when you breathe is produced during

Accepted Answer

A)  cellular respiration. 
B)  nitrogen fixation. 
C)  intracellular digestion. 
D)  diffusion. 
E)  glycolysis. 
A)  cellular respiration. 
B)  nitrogen fixation. 
C)  intracellular digestion. 
D)  diffusion. 
E)  glycolysis.

Question 7

Fish gills consist of a series of

Accepted Answer

A)  parabronchi. 
B)  spiracles. 
C)  opercula. 
D)  filaments. 
E)  interconnected bronchioles. 
A)  parabronchi. 
B)  spiracles. 
C)  opercula. 
D)  filaments. 
E)  interconnected bronchioles.

Question 8

The vocal cords are located in the

Accepted Answer

A)  trachea. 
B)  bronchi. 
C)  epiglottis. 
D)  larynx. 
E)  pharynx. 
A)  trachea. 
B)  bronchi. 
C)  epiglottis. 
D)  larynx. 
E)  pharynx.

Question 9

During inhalation, the diaphragm

Accepted Answer

A)  contracts and becomes dome-shaped. 
B)  contracts and flattens. 
C)  relaxes and becomes dome-shaped. 
D)  relaxes and flattens. 
A)  contracts and becomes dome-shaped. 
B)  contracts and flattens. 
C)  relaxes and becomes dome-shaped. 
D)  relaxes and flattens.

Question 10

Which of these structures is analogous in function to the tracheoles of insects?

Accepted Answer

A)  Body surface of a flatworm 
B)  Skin of an earthworm 
C)  Gills of a fish 
D)  Bronchi of a human 
A)  Body surface of a flatworm 
B)  Skin of an earthworm 
C)  Gills of a fish 
D)  Bronchi of a human

Question 11

How are birds able to get fresh air even when they are exhaling?)

Accepted Answer

Birds have posterior air sacs

Question 12

Vertebrate lungs probably evolved from simple outpocketings of the digestive tract of a freshwater fish.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following passageways delivers air directly into each lung?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bronchus 
B)  Bronchiole 
C)  Pharynx 
D)  Trachea 
E)  Larynx 
A)  Bronchus 
B)  Bronchiole 
C)  Pharynx 
D)  Trachea 
E)  Larynx

Question 14

Which of the following structures serves as a passageway for both air and food?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bronchi 
B)  Larynx 
C)  Bronchioles 
D)  Trachea 
E)  Pharynx 
A)  Bronchi 
B)  Larynx 
C)  Bronchioles 
D)  Trachea 
E)  Pharynx

Question 15

Smokerʹs cough is the result of

Accepted Answer

A)  dehydration of respiratory passages. 
B)  an accumulation of mucus. 
C)  emphysema. 
D)  nicotine exposure. 
E)  carbon monoxide irritation in the throat. 
A)  dehydration of respiratory passages. 
B)  an accumulation of mucus. 
C)  emphysema. 
D)  nicotine exposure. 
E)  carbon monoxide irritation in the throat.

Question 16

What structure prevents food from entering the larynx?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bronchus 
B)  Intercostal muscle 
C)  Respiratory membrane 
D)  Diaphragm 
E)  Epiglottis 
A)  Bronchus 
B)  Intercostal muscle 
C)  Respiratory membrane 
D)  Diaphragm 
E)  Epiglottis

Question 17

Most of the oxygen in the blood is transported

Accepted Answer

A)  as bicarbonate ions. 
B)  by white blood cells. 
C)  bound to hemoglobin. 
D)  combined with carbon dioxide. 
E)  in the plasma. 
A)  as bicarbonate ions. 
B)  by white blood cells. 
C)  bound to hemoglobin. 
D)  combined with carbon dioxide. 
E)  in the plasma.

Question 18

Sea jellies lack specialized organs for gas exchange because

Accepted Answer

A)  their tissues have low energy demands. 
B)  they donʹt need oxygen. 
C)  their digestive system eliminates carbon dioxide. 
D)  they use their circulatory system to deliver oxygen to their cells. 
A)  their tissues have low energy demands. 
B)  they donʹt need oxygen. 
C)  their digestive system eliminates carbon dioxide. 
D)  they use their circulatory system to deliver oxygen to their cells.

Question 19

You are a veterinarian working for the San Diego Zoo. Today, you are performing an autopsy on a 22.7-gram frog and a 21.2-gram lizard, both of which appear to have died of a respiratory infection. Why are you not surprised to find that the lungs of the lizard have a larger internal surface area than those of the frog?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lizards lay shelled eggs on land, whereas frogs lay jelly-like eggs in water. 
B)  Lizards are more susceptible than frogs to atmospheric pollutants. 
C)  Lizards have dry, scaly skin, whereas frogs have thin, moist skin. 
D)  Lizards have a higher metabolic rate than frogs. 
E)  The lizard is larger than the frog. 
A)  Lizards lay shelled eggs on land, whereas frogs lay jelly-like eggs in water. 
B)  Lizards are more susceptible than frogs to atmospheric pollutants. 
C)  Lizards have dry, scaly skin, whereas frogs have thin, moist skin. 
D)  Lizards have a higher metabolic rate than frogs. 
E)  The lizard is larger than the frog.

Question 20

What three features are common to all respiratory systems?)

Accepted Answer

All systems are mois

Exam 34: Respiration

During gas exchange in the lungs, _________diffuses from the alveoli into the bloodstream capillaries, and _________diffuses from the bloodstream capillaries into the alveoli.

The operculum of fishes covers the gills, protecting them from damage and predators. What additional functions does the operculum have?

Most carbon dioxide is transported in red blood cells bound to hemoglobin.

Refer to this figure to determine which of the following statements is correct.

The respiratory systems of fishes, frogs, sponges, and earthworms are similar in that they

The carbon dioxide that is exhaled when you breathe is produced during

Fish gills consist of a series of

The vocal cords are located in the

During inhalation, the diaphragm

Which of these structures is analogous in function to the tracheoles of insects?

How are birds able to get fresh air even when they are exhaling?)

Vertebrate lungs probably evolved from simple outpocketings of the digestive tract of a freshwater fish.

Which of the following passageways delivers air directly into each lung?

Which of the following structures serves as a passageway for both air and food?

Smokerʹs cough is the result of

What structure prevents food from entering the larynx?

Most of the oxygen in the blood is transported

Sea jellies lack specialized organs for gas exchange because

What three features are common to all respiratory systems?)

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

Filters

During gas exchange in the lungs, _diffuses from the alveoli into the bloodstream capillaries, and _diffuses from the bloodstream capillaries into the alveoli.