Question 1

The_________ valve is between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.

Accepted Answer

A)  tricuspid 
B)  semilunar 
C)  atrioventricular 
D)  bicuspid 
A)  tricuspid 
B)  semilunar 
C)  atrioventricular 
D)  bicuspid B

Question 2

The fluid portion of the blood is called _________.

Accepted Answer

plasma

Question 3

Which blood constituent makes up most of the volume of blood?

Accepted Answer

A)  White blood cells 
B)  Red blood cells 
C)  Plasma 
D)  Blood proteins 
A)  White blood cells 
B)  Red blood cells 
C)  Plasma 
D)  Blood proteins C

Question 4

Which is the ʺgoodʺ cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

A)  VHDL 
B)  LDL 
C)  VLDL 
D)  HDL 
A)  VHDL 
B)  LDL 
C)  VLDL 
D)  HDL

Question 5

What is one reason arteries can withstand higher blood pressure than veins?

Accepted Answer

A)  Arteries contain only oxygenated blood. 
B)  Arteries have one-way valves to prevent blood from flowing backward. 
C)  Arteries have thick walls that contain layers of muscle and connective tissue. 
D)  Arteries contain all types of blood cells, whereas veins contain only erythrocytes. 
A)  Arteries contain only oxygenated blood. 
B)  Arteries have one-way valves to prevent blood from flowing backward. 
C)  Arteries have thick walls that contain layers of muscle and connective tissue. 
D)  Arteries contain all types of blood cells, whereas veins contain only erythrocytes.

Question 6

Plasma is primarily

Accepted Answer

A)  cells. 
B)  protein. 
C)  salt. 
D)  water. 
E)  gases. 
A)  cells. 
B)  protein. 
C)  salt. 
D)  water. 
E)  gases.

Question 7

Erythropoietin

Accepted Answer

A)  stimulates the spleen to release more red blood cells. 
B)  is produced by the pancreas. 
C)  is released only in response to hemorrhaging (bleeding). 
D)  is released in response to high carbon dioxide or low oxygen levels in the blood. 
A)  stimulates the spleen to release more red blood cells. 
B)  is produced by the pancreas. 
C)  is released only in response to hemorrhaging (bleeding). 
D)  is released in response to high carbon dioxide or low oxygen levels in the blood.

Question 8

Which heart chamber is the most muscular?

Accepted Answer

A)  Left atrium 
B)  Right ventricle 
C)  Right atrium 
D)  Left ventricle 
A)  Left atrium 
B)  Right ventricle 
C)  Right atrium 
D)  Left ventricle

Question 9

Fluid that leaks (or is pushed out by pressure) from the capillaries into the tissue spaces is known as _________fluid.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fluid that leaks (or is pushed out...

Question 10

Which of the following is delivered from the small intestine to the bloodstream through the lymphatic system?

Accepted Answer

A)  Lipids (fats) 
B)  Carbohydrates (sugars) 
C)  Amino acids 
D)  Proteins 
A)  Lipids (fats) 
B)  Carbohydrates (sugars) 
C)  Amino acids 
D)  Proteins

Question 11

How many molecules of oxygen can bind with one molecule of human hemoglobin?

Accepted Answer

A)  One 
B)  Two 
C)  Three 
D)  Four 
E)  Five 
A)  One 
B)  Two 
C)  Three 
D)  Four 
E)  Five

Question 12

In animals that have open circulatory systems, the interstitial fluid that functions as blood is called

Accepted Answer

A)  leukocyte. 
B)  plasma. 
C)  lymph. 
D)  hemolymph. 
E)  hemocoel. 
A)  leukocyte. 
B)  plasma. 
C)  lymph. 
D)  hemolymph. 
E)  hemocoel.

Question 13

The liver is the primary producer of albumin. People with liver failure often show signs of extensive edema (tissue swelling). The edema occurs because fluid in the tissues is less likely to return to the blood due to a breakdown in the osmotic gradient that normally exists. Based on this scenario, which of the following statements explains this phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

A)  The failing liver releases more albumin into the blood than normal. 
B)  The failing liver releases less albumin into the blood than normal. 
C)  Albumin, which is not normally released by the liver, causes capillaries to become leaky and release fluid into the surrounding tissues. 
D)  Albumin, which is not normally released by the liver, causes an increase in blood pressure, which forces fluid into the tissues from the capillaries. 
A)  The failing liver releases more albumin into the blood than normal. 
B)  The failing liver releases less albumin into the blood than normal. 
C)  Albumin, which is not normally released by the liver, causes capillaries to become leaky and release fluid into the surrounding tissues. 
D)  Albumin, which is not normally released by the liver, causes an increase in blood pressure, which forces fluid into the tissues from the capillaries.

Question 14

The accumulation of carbon dioxide, lactic acid, or other cellular waste causes nearby precapillary sphincters to

Accepted Answer

A)  relax. 
B)  contract. 
C)  shorten. 
D)  lengthen. 
A)  relax. 
B)  contract. 
C)  shorten. 
D)  lengthen.

Question 15

Gap junctions

Accepted Answer

A)  connect veins and arteries. 
B)  are found in white blood cells. 
C)  prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atrium. 
D)  allow the rapid passage of electrical signals among heart cells. 
A)  connect veins and arteries. 
B)  are found in white blood cells. 
C)  prevent the backflow of blood from the ventricles to the atrium. 
D)  allow the rapid passage of electrical signals among heart cells.

Question 16

Each of the following types of white blood cells is found within the circulatory system EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  macrophages. 
B)  monocytes. 
C)  leukocytes. 
D)  lymphocytes. 
A)  macrophages. 
B)  monocytes. 
C)  leukocytes. 
D)  lymphocytes.

Question 17

In a grasshopper, all the body tissues are bathed in blood that is in the

Accepted Answer

A)  tracheae. 
B)  hemocoel. 
C)  spiracles. 
D)  capillaries. 
E)  heart. 
A)  tracheae. 
B)  hemocoel. 
C)  spiracles. 
D)  capillaries. 
E)  heart.

Question 18

What is the role of valves in the veins?

Accepted Answer

A)  They push the blood back toward the capillaries so that all the oxygen can be removed. 
B)  They push the blood upward toward the heart. 
C)  They slow blood flow in the veins so that the blood can move more slowly in the capillaries. 
D)  They block the flow of blood to the heart until it has time to contract again. 
E)  They keep blood from flowing backward when the veins are squeezed by skeletal muscles. 
A)  They push the blood back toward the capillaries so that all the oxygen can be removed. 
B)  They push the blood upward toward the heart. 
C)  They slow blood flow in the veins so that the blood can move more slowly in the capillaries. 
D)  They block the flow of blood to the heart until it has time to contract again. 
E)  They keep blood from flowing backward when the veins are squeezed by skeletal muscles.

Question 19

Long-distance runners like to train at high altitudes because the lack of oxygen there stimulates the

Accepted Answer

A)  body to produce more lung tissue. 
B)  muscles to contract faster. 
C)  capillaries to diffuse oxygen more slowly. 
D)  muscles to contract less strongly. 
E)  bone marrow to make more erythrocytes. 
A)  body to produce more lung tissue. 
B)  muscles to contract faster. 
C)  capillaries to diffuse oxygen more slowly. 
D)  muscles to contract less strongly. 
E)  bone marrow to make more erythrocytes.

Question 20

The left ventricle is more muscular than the right ventricle because it must push the blood

Accepted Answer

A)  through wider blood vessels. 
B)  through the pulmonary arteries only. 
C)  against gas pressure in the lungs. 
D)  through the bodyʹs extensive system of vessels that nourish all cells. 
A)  through wider blood vessels. 
B)  through the pulmonary arteries only. 
C)  against gas pressure in the lungs. 
D)  through the bodyʹs extensive system of vessels that nourish all cells.

Exam 33: Circulation

The_________ valve is between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery.

The fluid portion of the blood is called _________.

Which blood constituent makes up most of the volume of blood?

Which is the ʺgoodʺ cholesterol?

What is one reason arteries can withstand higher blood pressure than veins?

Plasma is primarily

Erythropoietin

Which heart chamber is the most muscular?

Fluid that leaks (or is pushed out by pressure) from the capillaries into the tissue spaces is known as _________fluid.

Which of the following is delivered from the small intestine to the bloodstream through the lymphatic system?

How many molecules of oxygen can bind with one molecule of human hemoglobin?

In animals that have open circulatory systems, the interstitial fluid that functions as blood is called

The accumulation of carbon dioxide, lactic acid, or other cellular waste causes nearby precapillary sphincters to

Gap junctions

Each of the following types of white blood cells is found within the circulatory system EXCEPT

In a grasshopper, all the body tissues are bathed in blood that is in the

What is the role of valves in the veins?

Long-distance runners like to train at high altitudes because the lack of oxygen there stimulates the

The left ventricle is more muscular than the right ventricle because it must push the blood

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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