Question 1

ATP is an energy carrier. Where is the energy actually located?

Accepted Answer

A)  Between the sugar and the phosphate 
B)  Attached to the phosphate group 
C)  In the bonds between phosphate groups 
D)  Attached to the nucleotide 
E)  Inside the phosphate 
A)  Between the sugar and the phosphate 
B)  Attached to the phosphate group 
C)  In the bonds between phosphate groups 
D)  Attached to the nucleotide 
E)  Inside the phosphate C

Question 2

FADH2 is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  electron carrier molecule. 
B)  enzyme-substrate complex. 
C)  protein. 
D)  active site. 
E)  enzyme. 
A)  electron carrier molecule. 
B)  enzyme-substrate complex. 
C)  protein. 
D)  active site. 
E)  enzyme. A

Question 3

How is it possible for living organisms to comply with the second law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chemical reactions inside cells mostly cause an increase in high -level energy. 
B)  Living organisms are unique in that they do not require energy for survival. 
C)  Organisms are able to function efficiently on heat energy alone. 
D)  Sunlight functions as an ultimate source of energy for most forms of life on Earth. 
E)  Living organisms are totally isolated systems that are not subject to the laws of physics. 
A)  Chemical reactions inside cells mostly cause an increase in high -level energy. 
B)  Living organisms are unique in that they do not require energy for survival. 
C)  Organisms are able to function efficiently on heat energy alone. 
D)  Sunlight functions as an ultimate source of energy for most forms of life on Earth. 
E)  Living organisms are totally isolated systems that are not subject to the laws of physics. D

Question 4

What is a simple definition of energy, from a biological perspective? Give some examples of how energy is used in a cell.

Accepted Answer

Energy is the ability of a cel

Question 5

When solid sodium hydroxide is added to water, the solution gets hot. This is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)  release of activation energy. 
B)  conversion of kinetic energy to potential energy. 
C)  endergonic process. 
D)  exergonic process. 
E)  enzyme-catalyzed process. 
A)  release of activation energy. 
B)  conversion of kinetic energy to potential energy. 
C)  endergonic process. 
D)  exergonic process. 
E)  enzyme-catalyzed process.

Question 6

In chemical reactions, ________reactions release energy and ________reactions require an input of energy.

Accepted Answer

exergonic;

Question 7

During photosynthesis, plants convert light energy to chemical energy. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  the first law of thermodynamics. 
B)  the second law of thermodynamics. 
C)  increasing entropy. 
D)  chemical equilibrium. 
E)  a spontaneous reaction. 
A)  the first law of thermodynamics. 
B)  the second law of thermodynamics. 
C)  increasing entropy. 
D)  chemical equilibrium. 
E)  a spontaneous reaction.

Question 8

Why is photosynthesis considered an endergonic reaction?

Accepted Answer

A)  Low-energy reactants are converted to high-energy products. 
B)  Photosynthesis does not comply with the physical laws of the universe. 
C)  Sugar has less energy than does the sun. 
D)  Protein catalysts are not needed. 
E)  Activation energy is not required. 
A)  Low-energy reactants are converted to high-energy products. 
B)  Photosynthesis does not comply with the physical laws of the universe. 
C)  Sugar has less energy than does the sun. 
D)  Protein catalysts are not needed. 
E)  Activation energy is not required.

Question 9

For many enzymes, the rate of product formation increases as the concentration of the substrate increases. Eventually the rate of the reaction reaches a maximum at which further increases in the concentration of the substrate have no effect. Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  The enzyme is no longer specific for the substrate. 
B)  At high concentrations of substrate, the reaction is endergonic. 
C)  At high concentrations of substrate, the activation energy of the reaction increases. 
D)  At high concentrations of substrate, all of the enzyme active sites are being occupied by substrate molecules. 
E)  At high concentrations of substrate, the activation energy of the reaction decreases. 
A)  The enzyme is no longer specific for the substrate. 
B)  At high concentrations of substrate, the reaction is endergonic. 
C)  At high concentrations of substrate, the activation energy of the reaction increases. 
D)  At high concentrations of substrate, all of the enzyme active sites are being occupied by substrate molecules. 
E)  At high concentrations of substrate, the activation energy of the reaction decreases.

Question 10

Why does increasing the temperature of a chemical reaction generally increase the rate of the reaction?

Accepted Answer

Increasing the temperature increases the

Question 11

The second law of thermodynamics states that the ________, or disorder, of the universe is constantly increasing.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The second law of thermodynamics states that...

Question 12

Entropy is a measure of an increase in

Accepted Answer

A)  randomness. 
B)  high-level energy. 
C)  kinetic energy. 
D)  organization. 
E)  potential energy. 
A)  randomness. 
B)  high-level energy. 
C)  kinetic energy. 
D)  organization. 
E)  potential energy.

Question 13

Which of the following is part of the first law of thermodynamics?

Accepted Answer

A)  Potential energy equals kinetic energy in a reaction. 
B)  Exergonic reactions are coupled with endergonic reactions. 
C)  Energy cannot be transferred or transformed. 
D)  Energy cannot be created or destroyed. 
E)  Kinetic energy is stored energy. 
A)  Potential energy equals kinetic energy in a reaction. 
B)  Exergonic reactions are coupled with endergonic reactions. 
C)  Energy cannot be transferred or transformed. 
D)  Energy cannot be created or destroyed. 
E)  Kinetic energy is stored energy.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a commonly used energy carrier in the cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP 
B)  H2O 
C)  NAD 
D)  FAD 
A)  ATP 
B)  H2O 
C)  NAD 
D)  FAD

Question 15

Activation energy is necessary for all ________reactions.

Accepted Answer

A)  coupled 
B)  endergonic 
C)  chemical 
D)  exergonic 
A)  coupled 
B)  endergonic 
C)  chemical 
D)  exergonic

Question 16

Similar to a car, a human body is about________ efficient in converting chemical energy to movement.

Accepted Answer

A)  25% 
B)  75% 
C)  1% 
D)  95% 
A)  25% 
B)  75% 
C)  1% 
D)  95%

Question 17

When a muscle cell demands energy to perform its work of contraction, ATP

Accepted Answer

A)  catalyzes the reaction. 
B)  is broken down and liberates energy. 
C)  is phosphorylated. 
D)  manufactures more ATP. 
E)  enters a metabolic pathway. 
A)  catalyzes the reaction. 
B)  is broken down and liberates energy. 
C)  is phosphorylated. 
D)  manufactures more ATP. 
E)  enters a metabolic pathway.

Question 18

Activation energy can be provided by the kinetic energy of moving molecules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Energy transformations are not 100% efficient. Often, energy is released in the form of________, which is in agreement with the second law of thermodynamics.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Energy transformations are not 100% efficient. Often,...

Question 20

Energy is defined as the capacity to do work.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 6: Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

ATP is an energy carrier. Where is the energy actually located?

FADH2 is an example of a(n)

How is it possible for living organisms to comply with the second law of thermodynamics?

What is a simple definition of energy, from a biological perspective? Give some examples of how energy is used in a cell.

When solid sodium hydroxide is added to water, the solution gets hot. This is an example of a(n)

In chemical reactions, ________reactions release energy and ________reactions require an input of energy.

During photosynthesis, plants convert light energy to chemical energy. This is an example of

Why is photosynthesis considered an endergonic reaction?

For many enzymes, the rate of product formation increases as the concentration of the substrate increases. Eventually the rate of the reaction reaches a maximum at which further increases in the concentration of the substrate have no effect. Why?

Why does increasing the temperature of a chemical reaction generally increase the rate of the reaction?

The second law of thermodynamics states that the ________, or disorder, of the universe is constantly increasing.

Entropy is a measure of an increase in

Which of the following is part of the first law of thermodynamics?

Which of the following is NOT a commonly used energy carrier in the cell?

Activation energy is necessary for all ________reactions.

Similar to a car, a human body is about________ efficient in converting chemical energy to movement.

When a muscle cell demands energy to perform its work of contraction, ATP

Activation energy can be provided by the kinetic energy of moving molecules.

Energy transformations are not 100% efficient. Often, energy is released in the form of________, which is in agreement with the second law of thermodynamics.

Energy is defined as the capacity to do work.

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

Filters

FADH₂ is an example of a(n)

In chemical reactions, reactions release energy and reactions require an input of energy.