Question 1

Which molecule stores energy for just a short period of time?

Accepted Answer

A)  Steroids 
B)  Glycogen 
C)  Phospholipids 
D)  Protein 
E)  ATP 
A)  Steroids 
B)  Glycogen 
C)  Phospholipids 
D)  Protein 
E)  ATP

Question 2

The addition of a competitive inhibitor slows down a particular reaction. What could be done to increase the rate of the reaction, even in the presence of the inhibitor?

Accepted Answer

A)  Add more inhibitor. 
B)  Add more substrate. 
C)  Lower the temperature of the reaction. 
D)  Allow the reaction to reach equilibrium. 
E)  Add a coenzyme. 
A)  Add more inhibitor. 
B)  Add more substrate. 
C)  Lower the temperature of the reaction. 
D)  Allow the reaction to reach equilibrium. 
E)  Add a coenzyme.

Question 3

Which of the following functions as a biological catalyst?

Accepted Answer

A)  Steroid 
B)  Amino acid 
C)  Enzyme 
D)  Substrate 
E)  Energy-carrier molecule 
A)  Steroid 
B)  Amino acid 
C)  Enzyme 
D)  Substrate 
E)  Energy-carrier molecule

Question 4

When a high-energy bond in ATP is broken, what primarily happens to the released energy?

Accepted Answer

A)  It functions as a second messenger. 
B)  It converts inorganic phosphates to energy-carrier molecules. 
C)  It polarizes the cell. 
D)  It is lost as light energy. 
E)  It provides the energy needed to drive endergonic reactions in the cell. 
A)  It functions as a second messenger. 
B)  It converts inorganic phosphates to energy-carrier molecules. 
C)  It polarizes the cell. 
D)  It is lost as light energy. 
E)  It provides the energy needed to drive endergonic reactions in the cell.

Question 5

The photosynthetic reaction is considered an endergonic reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Kinetic energy is like sitting at the top of a hill, and potential energy is like coasting down that hill on your bike.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

When certain molecules are pumped across biological membranes against a concentration gradient via active transport, ATP is used. In the cells of our bodies, for example, sugars are actively transported and metabolized within the membrane-enclosed mitochondria. Prokaryotes, in contrast, lack mitochondria but are nonetheless able to metabolize the same sugars. Based on the details provided in this scenario, which of the following statements is expected to be TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sugar-digesting enzymes in eukaryotic cells, such as sucrase, are not the same sugar-digesting enzymes found in prokaryotic cells. 
B)  Sugar metabolism in prokaryotes is exergonic, whereas in eukaryotes it is endergonic. 
C)  Prokaryotes and eukaryotes should have the same metabolic efficiency when digesting the same sugars, assuming their enzymes are the same. 
D)  Overall, prokaryotes will gain more ATP per sugar molecule metabolized than will eukaryotes. 
A)  The sugar-digesting enzymes in eukaryotic cells, such as sucrase, are not the same sugar-digesting enzymes found in prokaryotic cells. 
B)  Sugar metabolism in prokaryotes is exergonic, whereas in eukaryotes it is endergonic. 
C)  Prokaryotes and eukaryotes should have the same metabolic efficiency when digesting the same sugars, assuming their enzymes are the same. 
D)  Overall, prokaryotes will gain more ATP per sugar molecule metabolized than will eukaryotes.

Question 8

The end product of a biosynthetic pathway often acts to block the initial step in that pathway. This phenomenon is called

Accepted Answer

A)  denaturation. 
B)  feedback inhibition. 
C)  irreversible inhibition. 
D)  allosteric activation. 
E)  substrate activation. 
A)  denaturation. 
B)  feedback inhibition. 
C)  irreversible inhibition. 
D)  allosteric activation. 
E)  substrate activation.

Question 9

The optimum reaction rate of a particular enzyme occurs at pH 7.3 at 37°C. This reaction would probably proceed faster by

Accepted Answer

A)  increasing both temperature and pH. 
B)  decreasing the pH and increasing the temperature. 
C)  increasing the pH and maintaining the temperature at 37°C. 
D)  increasing the temperature to 38°C and keeping the pH at 7.3. 
A)  increasing both temperature and pH. 
B)  decreasing the pH and increasing the temperature. 
C)  increasing the pH and maintaining the temperature at 37°C. 
D)  increasing the temperature to 38°C and keeping the pH at 7.3.

Question 10

All of the following are examples of noncompetitive inhibitors EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  arsenic. 
B)  nerve gas. 
C)  mercury. 
D)  lead. 
A)  arsenic. 
B)  nerve gas. 
C)  mercury. 
D)  lead.

Exam 6: Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Which molecule stores energy for just a short period of time?

The addition of a competitive inhibitor slows down a particular reaction. What could be done to increase the rate of the reaction, even in the presence of the inhibitor?

Which of the following functions as a biological catalyst?

When a high-energy bond in ATP is broken, what primarily happens to the released energy?

The photosynthetic reaction is considered an endergonic reaction.

Kinetic energy is like sitting at the top of a hill, and potential energy is like coasting down that hill on your bike.

The end product of a biosynthetic pathway often acts to block the initial step in that pathway. This phenomenon is called

The optimum reaction rate of a particular enzyme occurs at pH 7.3 at 37°C. This reaction would probably proceed faster by

All of the following are examples of noncompetitive inhibitors EXCEPT

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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