Question 1

During DNA replication, the continuous daughter strand is the leading strand.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

Regarding the structure of DNA, the units that form the ʺuprightsʺ (sides) of the DNA ladder and do not attach to the nitrogen bases are

Accepted Answer

A)  phosphate molecules. 
B)  sulfur-containing bases. 
C)  ribose molecules. 
D)  deoxyribose molecules. 
A)  phosphate molecules. 
B)  sulfur-containing bases. 
C)  ribose molecules. 
D)  deoxyribose molecules. A

Question 3

DNA polymerase, before any proofreading by repair enzymes, makes one mistake for about every

Accepted Answer

A)  10,000 to 1 million base pairs. 
B)  100 million to 10 billion base pairs. 
C)  1 to 100 base pairs. 
D)  100 to 1,000 base pairs. 
E)  1 million to 10 million base pairs. 
A)  10,000 to 1 million base pairs. 
B)  100 million to 10 billion base pairs. 
C)  1 to 100 base pairs. 
D)  100 to 1,000 base pairs. 
E)  1 million to 10 million base pairs. A

Question 4

A(n) __________mutation is when one or more nucleotide pairs are lost.

Accepted Answer

A)  deletion 
B)  nucleotide substitution 
C)  inversion 
D)  insertion 
A)  deletion 
B)  nucleotide substitution 
C)  inversion 
D)  insertion

Question 5

In the comparison of a DNA molecule to a twisted ladder, the upright sides of the ladder are

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen bonds between bases. 
B)  nitrogenous bases linked to phosphate. 
C)  deoxyribose linked to phosphate. 
D)  deoxyribose linked to sulfate. 
E)  nitrogenous bases linked together. 
A)  hydrogen bonds between bases. 
B)  nitrogenous bases linked to phosphate. 
C)  deoxyribose linked to phosphate. 
D)  deoxyribose linked to sulfate. 
E)  nitrogenous bases linked together.

Question 6

The hereditary material present in all cells is

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA. 
B)  R-strain. 
C)  S-strain. 
D)  protein. 
E)  DNA. 
A)  RNA. 
B)  R-strain. 
C)  S-strain. 
D)  protein. 
E)  DNA.

Question 7

When a cell divides, each daughter cell receives

Accepted Answer

A)  exactly half the genetic information in the parent cell. 
B)  twice the amount of genetic information of the parent cell. 
C)  a nearly perfect copy of the parent cellʹs genetic information. 
D)  the same amount of genetic information that was in the parent cell, but it has been altered. 
A)  exactly half the genetic information in the parent cell. 
B)  twice the amount of genetic information of the parent cell. 
C)  a nearly perfect copy of the parent cellʹs genetic information. 
D)  the same amount of genetic information that was in the parent cell, but it has been altered.

Question 8

__________is the process whereby a molecule of DNA copies itself.

Accepted Answer

The answer of __________is the process whereby a molecule of...

Question 9

The ʹruleʺ formulated by Chargaff states that

Accepted Answer

A)  A = G and C = T in any molecule of DNA. 
B)  A = T and G = C in any molecule of DNA. 
C)  A = U and G = C in any molecule of RNA. 
D)  A = C and G = T in any molecule of DNA. 
E)  DNA and RNA are made up of the same four nitrogenous bases. 
A)  A = G and C = T in any molecule of DNA. 
B)  A = T and G = C in any molecule of DNA. 
C)  A = U and G = C in any molecule of RNA. 
D)  A = C and G = T in any molecule of DNA. 
E)  DNA and RNA are made up of the same four nitrogenous bases.

Question 10

DNA helicase is involved in ʺrewindingʺ the strands of DNA back into a helix after replication.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The X-ray diffraction studies of the scientists named __________and __________were essential for the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The X-ray diffraction studies of the scientists...

Question 12

What determines the function of the gene product?

Accepted Answer

A)  The sequence of bases 
B)  The number of bases 
C)  The sequence of phosphates 
D)  The sequences of deoxyribose 
E)  The number of phosphates 
A)  The sequence of bases 
B)  The number of bases 
C)  The sequence of phosphates 
D)  The sequences of deoxyribose 
E)  The number of phosphates

Question 13

The two polynucleotide chains in a DNA molecule are attached to each other by

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrogen bonds between bases. 
B)  ionic bonds between ʺRʺ groups in amino acids. 
C)  peptide bonds between amino acids. 
D)  covalent bonds between phosphates and sugars. 
E)  covalent bonds between carbon atoms. 
A)  hydrogen bonds between bases. 
B)  ionic bonds between ʺRʺ groups in amino acids. 
C)  peptide bonds between amino acids. 
D)  covalent bonds between phosphates and sugars. 
E)  covalent bonds between carbon atoms.

Question 14

Briefly describe the experiments conducted by Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod. What was the relevance of their research?

Accepted Answer

The Avery, McCarty, and MacLeo

Question 15

Hershey and Chase concluded that__________ is the hereditary molecule by examining how radioactively labeled molecules moved between a virus and bacteria.

Accepted Answer

A)  Lipids 
B)  phospholipids 
C)  protein 
D)  DNA 
A)  Lipids 
B)  phospholipids 
C)  protein 
D)  DNA

Question 16

Agents that cause mutations are called mutagens. All of the following are examples of mutagens EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  vitamins. 
B)  X-rays. 
C)  ultraviolet radiation. 
D)  cigarette smoke. 
A)  vitamins. 
B)  X-rays. 
C)  ultraviolet radiation. 
D)  cigarette smoke.

Question 17

The sequence of subunits in the DNA ʺbackboneʺ is

Accepted Answer

A)  -sugar-base-sugar-base-sugar-base-sugar-base-. 
B)  -phosphate-sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate-sugar-. 
C)  -base-phosphate-sugar-base-phosphate-sugar-. 
D)  -base-phosphate-base-phosphate-base-phosphate-. 
E)  -base-sugar-phosphate-base-sugar-phosphate-. 
A)  -sugar-base-sugar-base-sugar-base-sugar-base-. 
B)  -phosphate-sugar-phosphate-sugar-phosphate-sugar-. 
C)  -base-phosphate-sugar-base-phosphate-sugar-. 
D)  -base-phosphate-base-phosphate-base-phosphate-. 
E)  -base-sugar-phosphate-base-sugar-phosphate-.

Question 18

In DNA, phosphate groups bond to

Accepted Answer

A)  pyrimidine bases. 
B)  other phosphate groups. 
C)  adenine. 
D)  deoxyribose. 
E)  ribose. 
A)  pyrimidine bases. 
B)  other phosphate groups. 
C)  adenine. 
D)  deoxyribose. 
E)  ribose.

Question 19

Regarding the structure of DNA, which of the following joins deoxyribose to phosphate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Phosphate 
B)  Double helix 
C)  Covalent bonds 
D)  Hydrogen bonds 
E)  Ionic bonds 
A)  Phosphate 
B)  Double helix 
C)  Covalent bonds 
D)  Hydrogen bonds 
E)  Ionic bonds

Question 20

The molecule__________ carries the genetic ?blueprints? for all forms of life on Earth.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The molecule__________ carries the genetic ?blueprints? for...

Exam 12: DNA: The Molecule of Heredity

During DNA replication, the continuous daughter strand is the leading strand.

Regarding the structure of DNA, the units that form the ʺuprightsʺ (sides) of the DNA ladder and do not attach to the nitrogen bases are

DNA polymerase, before any proofreading by repair enzymes, makes one mistake for about every

A(n) __________mutation is when one or more nucleotide pairs are lost.

In the comparison of a DNA molecule to a twisted ladder, the upright sides of the ladder are

The hereditary material present in all cells is

When a cell divides, each daughter cell receives

__________is the process whereby a molecule of DNA copies itself.

The ʹruleʺ formulated by Chargaff states that

DNA helicase is involved in ʺrewindingʺ the strands of DNA back into a helix after replication.

The X-ray diffraction studies of the scientists named __________and __________were essential for the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule.

What determines the function of the gene product?

The two polynucleotide chains in a DNA molecule are attached to each other by

Briefly describe the experiments conducted by Avery, McCarty, and MacLeod. What was the relevance of their research?

Hershey and Chase concluded that__________ is the hereditary molecule by examining how radioactively labeled molecules moved between a virus and bacteria.

Agents that cause mutations are called mutagens. All of the following are examples of mutagens EXCEPT

The sequence of subunits in the DNA ʺbackboneʺ is

In DNA, phosphate groups bond to

Regarding the structure of DNA, which of the following joins deoxyribose to phosphate?

The molecule__________ carries the genetic ?blueprints? for all forms of life on Earth.

An Introduction to Life on Earth

Atoms, Molecules, and Life

Biological Molecules

Cell Structure and Function

Cell Membrane Structure and Function

Energy Flow in the Life of a Cell

Capturing Solar Energy: Photosynthesis

Harvesting Energy: Glycolysis and Cellular Respiration

Cellular Reproduction

Meiosis: the Basis of Sexual Reproduction

Patterns of Inheritance

Gene Expression and Regulation

Biotechnology

Principles of Evolution

How Populations Evolve

The Origin of Species

The History of Life

Systematics: Seeking Order Amid Diversity

The Diversity of Prokaryotes and Viruses

The Diversity of Protists

The Diversity of Plants

The Diversity of Fungi

Animal Diversity I: Invertebrates

Animal Diversity Ii: Vertebrates

Animal Behavior

Population Growth and Regulation

Community Interactions

Energy Flow and Nutrient Cycling in Ecosystems

Earths Diverse Ecosystems

Conserving Earths Biodiversity

Homeostasis and the Organization of the Animal Body

Circulation

Respiration

Nutrition and Digestion

The Urinary System

Defenses Against Disease

Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

The Nervous System

The Senses

Action and Support: the Muscles and Skeleton

Animal Reproduction

Animal Development

Plant Anatomy and Nutrient Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Plant Responses to the Environment

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The X-ray diffraction studies of the scientists named and were essential for the discovery of the structure of the DNA molecule.