Question 1

Why is pyruvate reduced to lactate during fermentation?

Accepted Answer

A) to produce more ATP only 
B) to produce CO2 only 
C) to regenerate NAD+ from NADH 
D) to produce both ATP and CO2. 
E) to produce ATP and regenerate NAD+ from NADH 
A) to produce more ATP only 
B) to produce CO2 only 
C) to regenerate NAD+ from NADH 
D) to produce both ATP and CO2. 
E) to produce ATP and regenerate NAD+ from NADH

Question 2

What is the correct operational sequence of the processes of aerobic respiration? 
I. glycolysis
II. electron transfer
III. citric acid cycle
IV. acetyl-CoA formation

Accepted Answer

A) I ? II ? III ? IV 
B) II ? IV ? I ? III 
C) IV ? III ? I ? II 
D) II ? III ? IV ? I 
E) I ? IV ? III ? II 
A) I ? II ? III ? IV 
B) II ? IV ? I ? III 
C) IV ? III ? I ? II 
D) II ? III ? IV ? I 
E) I ? IV ? III ? II

Question 3

During electron transfer phosphorylation, ____ ions accumulate in the intermembrane space of the mitochondria.

Accepted Answer

A) calcium 
B) hydrogen 
C) oxygen 
D) phosphorus 
E) sodium 
A) calcium 
B) hydrogen 
C) oxygen 
D) phosphorus 
E) sodium

Question 4

How many ATP molecules (net yield) are produced per molecule of glucose during glycolysis?

Accepted Answer

A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 4 
D) 36 
E) 38 
A) 1 
B) 2 
C) 4 
D) 36 
E) 38

Question 5

Match the cellular respiration process to the correct description. Some answers may be used more than once.
-​does not produce CO2

Accepted Answer

A) alcoholic fermentation only 
B) lactate fermentation only 
C) both alcoholic and lactate fermentation 
D) neither alcoholic nor lactate fermentation 
A) alcoholic fermentation only 
B) lactate fermentation only 
C) both alcoholic and lactate fermentation 
D) neither alcoholic nor lactate fermentation

Question 6

Outline the steps of glycolysis.

Accepted Answer

During the first reaction of glycolysis,

Question 7

Match the following processes or items with their correct cellular location. Some answers may be used more than once.
-citric acid cycle

Accepted Answer

A) cytoplasm 
B) mitochondrial matrix 
C) mitochondrial intermembrane space 
D) mitochondrial inner membrane 
A) cytoplasm 
B) mitochondrial matrix 
C) mitochondrial intermembrane space 
D) mitochondrial inner membrane

Question 8

Electron flow through the electron transport chain drives the flow of hydrogen ions from the ____ to the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) mitochondrial matrix; mitochondrial intermembrane space 
B) cytoplasm; mitochondrial intermembrane space 
C) mitochondrial matrix; cytoplasm 
D) cytoplasm; mitochondrial matrix 
E) mitochondrial intermembrane; mitochondrial matrix 
A) mitochondrial matrix; mitochondrial intermembrane space 
B) cytoplasm; mitochondrial intermembrane space 
C) mitochondrial matrix; cytoplasm 
D) cytoplasm; mitochondrial matrix 
E) mitochondrial intermembrane; mitochondrial matrix

Question 9

The transfer of a phosphate group (Pi) from an intermediate in the glycolysis pathway to ADP is an example of harvesting energy by ____.

Accepted Answer

A) electron transfer phosphorylation 
B) acetyl-CoA formation 
C) reduction 
D) oxidation 
E) substrate-level phosphorylation 
A) electron transfer phosphorylation 
B) acetyl-CoA formation 
C) reduction 
D) oxidation 
E) substrate-level phosphorylation

Question 10

The citric acid cycle takes place in the ____.

Accepted Answer

A) ribosome 
B) cytoplasm 
C) nucleus 
D) mitochondrion 
E) chloroplast 
A) ribosome 
B) cytoplasm 
C) nucleus 
D) mitochondrion 
E) chloroplast

Question 11

Match the cellular respiration process with the correct description. Some choices may be used more than once.
-does not require oxygen

Accepted Answer

A) fermentation 
B) aerobic respiration 
A) fermentation 
B) aerobic respiration

Question 12

Alcoholic fermentation by yeast produces ____.

Accepted Answer

A) CO2 only 
B) ethanol only 
C) lactate only 
D) ethanol and CO2 
E) ethanol and lactate 
A) CO2 only 
B) ethanol only 
C) lactate only 
D) ethanol and CO2 
E) ethanol and lactate

Question 13

Which compound is associated with aerobic respiration pathways, but not anaerobic pathways?

Accepted Answer

A) pyruvate 
B) lactic acid 
C) ethanol 
D) oxaloacetate 
E) phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL) 
A) pyruvate 
B) lactic acid 
C) ethanol 
D) oxaloacetate 
E) phosphoglyceraldehyde (PGAL)

Question 14

Match the following processes or items with their correct cellular location. Some answers may be used more than once.
-fermentation

Accepted Answer

A) cytoplasm 
B) mitochondrial matrix 
C) mitochondrial intermembrane space 
D) mitochondrial inner membrane 
A) cytoplasm 
B) mitochondrial matrix 
C) mitochondrial intermembrane space 
D) mitochondrial inner membrane

Question 15

Which cofactor is reduced during both glycolysis and the citric acid cycle?

Accepted Answer

A) NAD+ 
B) FAD+ 
C) FADH2 
D) NADH 
E) NADP+ 
A) NAD+ 
B) FAD+ 
C) FADH2 
D) NADH 
E) NADP+

Question 16

What do NADH and FADH2 deliver to electron transfer chains?

Accepted Answer

A) electrons only 
B) hydrogen ions only 
C) oxygen 
D) electrons and hydrogen ions 
E) phosphate 
A) electrons only 
B) hydrogen ions only 
C) oxygen 
D) electrons and hydrogen ions 
E) phosphate

Question 17

Outline the steps in the formation of acetyl-CoA.

Accepted Answer

The two pyruvates that formed during gly

Question 18

NADH transfers electrons to oxygen during ____.

Accepted Answer

A) glycolysis 
B) acetyl-CoA formation 
C) the citric acid cycle 
D) electron transfer phosphorylation 
E) substrate-level phosphorylation 
A) glycolysis 
B) acetyl-CoA formation 
C) the citric acid cycle 
D) electron transfer phosphorylation 
E) substrate-level phosphorylation

Question 19

Substrate level phosphorylation ____.

Accepted Answer

A) involves the direct transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate 
B) requires the presence of oxygen 
C) requires the presence of NADH 
D) produces most of the ATPs yield during aerobic respiration 
E) involves the generation of a hydrogen ion gradient to produce ATP 
A) involves the direct transfer of a phosphate group from a substrate 
B) requires the presence of oxygen 
C) requires the presence of NADH 
D) produces most of the ATPs yield during aerobic respiration 
E) involves the generation of a hydrogen ion gradient to produce ATP

Question 20

What causes an accumulation of free radicals that can cause cellular damage, and ultimately, harm the individual?

Accepted Answer

Missing antioxidant molecules or heritab

Exam 7: Releasing Chemical Energy

Why is pyruvate reduced to lactate during fermentation?

What is the correct operational sequence of the processes of aerobic respiration? I. glycolysis II. electron transfer III. citric acid cycle IV. acetyl-CoA formation

During electron transfer phosphorylation, ____ ions accumulate in the intermembrane space of the mitochondria.

How many ATP molecules (net yield) are produced per molecule of glucose during glycolysis?

Match the cellular respiration process to the correct description. Some answers may be used more than once. -​does not produce CO2

Outline the steps of glycolysis.

Match the following processes or items with their correct cellular location. Some answers may be used more than once. -citric acid cycle

Electron flow through the electron transport chain drives the flow of hydrogen ions from the ____ to the ____.

The transfer of a phosphate group (Pi) from an intermediate in the glycolysis pathway to ADP is an example of harvesting energy by ____.

The citric acid cycle takes place in the ____.

Match the cellular respiration process with the correct description. Some choices may be used more than once. -does not require oxygen

Alcoholic fermentation by yeast produces ____.

Which compound is associated with aerobic respiration pathways, but not anaerobic pathways?

Match the following processes or items with their correct cellular location. Some answers may be used more than once. -fermentation

Which cofactor is reduced during both glycolysis and the citric acid cycle?

What do NADH and FADH2 deliver to electron transfer chains?

Outline the steps in the formation of acetyl-CoA.

NADH transfers electrons to oxygen during ____.

Substrate level phosphorylation ____.

What causes an accumulation of free radicals that can cause cellular damage, and ultimately, harm the individual?

The Science of Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

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DNA Structure and Function

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Filters

Match the cellular respiration process to the correct description. Some answers may be used more than once. -does not produce CO₂

Electron flow through the electron transport chain drives the flow of hydrogen ions from the to the .

The transfer of a phosphate group (P_i) from an intermediate in the glycolysis pathway to ADP is an example of harvesting energy by ____.

What do NADH and FADH₂ deliver to electron transfer chains?