Question 1

Escherichia coli bacteria in the human colon provide vitamin K in return for a steady food supply and warm place to live. This is an example of a ____ relationship.

Accepted Answer

A) mutualistic 
B) predatory 
C) commensal 
D) parasitic 
E) habitat 
A) mutualistic 
B) predatory 
C) commensal 
D) parasitic 
E) habitat A

Question 2

Red-billed oxpecker birds eat ticks off of impalas. What benefit do the birds provide for the impalas in this mutualistic relationship?

Accepted Answer

A) nutrients 
B) grooming 
C) protection from parasites 
D) reproductive aid 
E) living space improvements 
A) nutrients 
B) grooming 
C) protection from parasites 
D) reproductive aid 
E) living space improvements C

Question 3

Match the type of species interaction with the correct description.
-​deer feed on native shrubs

Accepted Answer

A) herbivory 
B) competitive exclusion 
C) character displacement 
D) interference competition 
E) coevolution of predator and prey 
A) herbivory 
B) competitive exclusion 
C) character displacement 
D) interference competition 
E) coevolution of predator and prey A

Question 4

Match the species' role in an ecosystem to the correct description.​
-​a species whose traits allow them to colonize new or newly vacated habitats

Accepted Answer

A) ​exotic species 
B) ​indicator species 
C) ​endemic species 
D) ​keystone species 
E) ​pioneer species 
A) ​exotic species 
B) ​indicator species 
C) ​endemic species 
D) ​keystone species 
E) ​pioneer species

Question 5

Species richness is generally higher on larger islands because ____.

Accepted Answer

A) more colonists from mainland areas will happen upon a larger island because of its size only 
B) bigger islands offer a wider variety of different habitats only 
C) larger islands can support larger populations of species than smaller islands only 
D) more colonists from mainland areas will happen upon a larger island because of its size and bigger islands offer a wider variety of different habitats only 
E) more colonists from mainland areas will happen upon a larger island because of its size, bigger islands offer a wider variety of different habitats, and larger islands can support larger populations of species than smaller islands 
A) more colonists from mainland areas will happen upon a larger island because of its size only 
B) bigger islands offer a wider variety of different habitats only 
C) larger islands can support larger populations of species than smaller islands only 
D) more colonists from mainland areas will happen upon a larger island because of its size and bigger islands offer a wider variety of different habitats only 
E) more colonists from mainland areas will happen upon a larger island because of its size, bigger islands offer a wider variety of different habitats, and larger islands can support larger populations of species than smaller islands

Question 6

Match the type of species interaction with the correct description.
-In this interaction, one species is harmed, but usually not killed, to the benefit of the other that lives on or in the first.

Accepted Answer

A) competition 
B) predation 
C) mutualism 
D) commensalism 
E) parasitism 
A) competition 
B) predation 
C) mutualism 
D) commensalism 
E) parasitism

Question 7

Chemical defenses that some plant species employ to deter germination and growth of other plants are examples of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) exploitative competition 
B) interference competition 
C) competitive exclusion 
D) character displacement 
E) resource partitioning 
A) exploitative competition 
B) interference competition 
C) competitive exclusion 
D) character displacement 
E) resource partitioning

Question 8

Four of the five answers are common traits of pioneer plant species. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A) small size 
B) effective seed dispersal 
C) brief life cycles 
D) opportunistic life history 
E) requires nutrient rich soil 
A) small size 
B) effective seed dispersal 
C) brief life cycles 
D) opportunistic life history 
E) requires nutrient rich soil

Question 9

Niche overlap initially leads to ____.

Accepted Answer

A) mutualism 
B) commensalism 
C) predation 
D) competition 
E) parasitism 
A) mutualism 
B) commensalism 
C) predation 
D) competition 
E) parasitism

Question 10

​The more similar the niches of two species are, the more intensely those species will ____.

Accepted Answer

A) ​compete 
B) ​interbreed 
C) ​coevolve 
D) ​enter into a mutualistic relationship 
E) ​parasitize each other 
A) ​compete 
B) ​interbreed 
C) ​coevolve 
D) ​enter into a mutualistic relationship 
E) ​parasitize each other

Question 11

Hoverflies are attracted to sweets at outdoor picnics. The reaction of humans is usually to flee because of the flies' uncanny resemblance to bees. The survival of hoverflies is enhanced by ____.

Accepted Answer

A) mimicry 
B) camouflage 
C) warning coloration 
D) chemical defenses 
E) display behavior 
A) mimicry 
B) camouflage 
C) warning coloration 
D) chemical defenses 
E) display behavior

Question 12

Match the type of species interaction with the correct description.
-In this interaction between two species, both species are harmed in some way.

Accepted Answer

A) competition 
B) predation 
C) mutualism 
D) commensalism 
E) parasitism 
A) competition 
B) predation 
C) mutualism 
D) commensalism 
E) parasitism

Question 13

The interaction in which one species benefits and the second species is neither harmed nor benefited is known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A) mutualism 
B) parasitism 
C) commensalism 
D) competition 
E) predation 
A) mutualism 
B) parasitism 
C) commensalism 
D) competition 
E) predation

Question 14

Match the type of species interaction with the correct description.
-the beak sizes of different finch species change in response to competition

Accepted Answer

A) herbivory 
B) competitive exclusion 
C) character displacement 
D) interference competition 
E) coevolution of predator and prey 
A) herbivory 
B) competitive exclusion 
C) character displacement 
D) interference competition 
E) coevolution of predator and prey

Question 15

Four of the five answers are reasons why larger islands will have more species. Select the exception.

Accepted Answer

A) Larger islands offer more habitats. 
B) More colonists will happen upon a larger island simply by virtue of its size. 
C) Larger islands are further away from mainland. 
D) Big islands can support larger populations of species than small islands. 
E) Larger populations on big islands are less likely to become extinct. 
A) Larger islands offer more habitats. 
B) More colonists will happen upon a larger island simply by virtue of its size. 
C) Larger islands are further away from mainland. 
D) Big islands can support larger populations of species than small islands. 
E) Larger populations on big islands are less likely to become extinct.

Question 16

Snowshoe hares are brown for part of the year and turn white in winter, making it harder for predators to spot them. This is an example of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) competitive exclusion 
B) character displacement 
C) warning coloration 
D) camouflage 
E) mimicry 
A) competitive exclusion 
B) character displacement 
C) warning coloration 
D) camouflage 
E) mimicry

Question 17

Lichens take up nutrients and pollutants from airborne dust, so many cannot survive where the level of air pollution is high. The U.S. Forest Service monitors lichens on tree trunks as part of its program to assess the health of forest communities. In this regard, lichens serve as a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

A) pioneer species 
B) indicator species 
C) endemic species 
D) keystone species 
E) exotic species 
A) pioneer species 
B) indicator species 
C) endemic species 
D) keystone species 
E) exotic species

Question 18

Match the species' role in an ecosystem to the correct description.​
-​a species that has a disproportionately large effect on community structure relative to its abundance

Accepted Answer

A) ​exotic species 
B) ​indicator species 
C) ​endemic species 
D) ​keystone species 
E) ​pioneer species 
A) ​exotic species 
B) ​indicator species 
C) ​endemic species 
D) ​keystone species 
E) ​pioneer species

Question 19

Competitive exclusion is the result of ____.

Accepted Answer

A) mutualism 
B) commensalism 
C) competition 
D) predation 
E) parasitism 
A) mutualism 
B) commensalism 
C) competition 
D) predation 
E) parasitism

Question 20

Which is an example of warning coloration?

Accepted Answer

A) the dark brown mane of a lion 
B) the bright green and blue feathers of a peacock 
C) the black and yellow bands of a wasp 
D) the black and white stripes of a zebra 
E) the bright red color of roses 
A) the dark brown mane of a lion 
B) the bright green and blue feathers of a peacock 
C) the black and yellow bands of a wasp 
D) the black and white stripes of a zebra 
E) the bright red color of roses

Exam 41: Community Ecology

Escherichia coli bacteria in the human colon provide vitamin K in return for a steady food supply and warm place to live. This is an example of a ____ relationship.

Red-billed oxpecker birds eat ticks off of impalas. What benefit do the birds provide for the impalas in this mutualistic relationship?

Match the type of species interaction with the correct description. -​deer feed on native shrubs

Match the species' role in an ecosystem to the correct description.​ -​a species whose traits allow them to colonize new or newly vacated habitats

Species richness is generally higher on larger islands because ____.

Match the type of species interaction with the correct description. -In this interaction, one species is harmed, but usually not killed, to the benefit of the other that lives on or in the first.

Chemical defenses that some plant species employ to deter germination and growth of other plants are examples of ____.

Four of the five answers are common traits of pioneer plant species. Select the exception.

Niche overlap initially leads to ____.

​The more similar the niches of two species are, the more intensely those species will ____.

Hoverflies are attracted to sweets at outdoor picnics. The reaction of humans is usually to flee because of the flies' uncanny resemblance to bees. The survival of hoverflies is enhanced by ____.

Match the type of species interaction with the correct description. -In this interaction between two species, both species are harmed in some way.

The interaction in which one species benefits and the second species is neither harmed nor benefited is known as ____.

Match the type of species interaction with the correct description. -the beak sizes of different finch species change in response to competition

Four of the five answers are reasons why larger islands will have more species. Select the exception.

Snowshoe hares are brown for part of the year and turn white in winter, making it harder for predators to spot them. This is an example of ____.

Lichens take up nutrients and pollutants from airborne dust, so many cannot survive where the level of air pollution is high. The U.S. Forest Service monitors lichens on tree trunks as part of its program to assess the health of forest communities. In this regard, lichens serve as a(n) ____.

Match the species' role in an ecosystem to the correct description.​ -​a species that has a disproportionately large effect on community structure relative to its abundance

Competitive exclusion is the result of ____.

Which is an example of warning coloration?

The Science of Biology

Lifes Chemical Basis

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Starts-Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

DNA Structure and Function

From DNA to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Patterns in Inherited Traits

Human Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Lifes Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

The Protists

Plant Evolution

Fungi

Animals I: Major Invertebrate Groups

Animals Ii: the Chordates

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Effects on the Biosphere

Filters

Match the type of species interaction with the correct description. -deer feed on native shrubs

Match the species' role in an ecosystem to the correct description. -a species whose traits allow them to colonize new or newly vacated habitats

The more similar the niches of two species are, the more intensely those species will ____.

Match the species' role in an ecosystem to the correct description. -a species that has a disproportionately large effect on community structure relative to its abundance