Exam 41: Community Ecology

Which organisms represent an early stage in primary succession?

Four of the five answers listed below are examples of prey defense. Select the exception.

According to the equilibrium model of island biogeography, which island would have the greatest number of species on it?

Red imported fire ants are an invasive species in the United States. How have they harmed the Texas horned lizard, which feeds on native ants?

According to the equilibrium model of island biogeography, the eventual number of species living on any island reflects ____.

A one-way relationship in which one species benefits at the expense of another is called ____.

Competitive exclusion is based on the idea that ____.

Match the type of species interaction with the correct description. -Paramecium caudatum is driven to extinction in a habitat because it is less competitive than P. Aurelia

Four of the five answers listed below are events that can lead to secondary succession. Select the exception.

Match the species' role in an ecosystem to the correct description.​ -​a species whose presence and abundance in a community provide information about conditions in the community

An orchid benefits by growing on a tree trunk and the tree is unaffected by the orchid's presence. What term describes this relationship?

European cuckoo birds lay their eggs in the nest of other bird species, allowing the other birds to raise their young. The cuckoo birds are therefore ____.

Match the type of species interaction with the correct description. -a golden eagle attacks a fox to drive the fox away from a moose carcass for which they are both competing

Gause's experiments with populations of different species of Paramecium show that ____.

Each species has a unique set of requirements and roles in an ecosystem, referred to as their ____.

What do photosynthetic organisms often supply to their nonphotosynthetic partners in a mutualistic relationship?

Robert Paine conducted a study in which he removed sea stars, which prey mainly on mussels, from experimental plots in a rocky intertidal zone. With sea stars missing, mussels took over the plots, crowding out seven other species of invertebrates. In this community, sea stars function as ____.

Eight species of woodpeckers coexist in Oregon forests. All feed on insects and nest in hollow trees, but the details of their foraging behavior and nesting preferences vary. What does this best illustrate?

Four of the five answers listed below are relationships in which at least one of the interacting organisms benefits. Select the exception.

Certain species are very sensitive to disturbances to their environment, and therefore can be used as an early warning sign for environmental degradation that might not otherwise be noted. What are these species called?