Question 1

An atom of which element is the least reactive?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen (atomic number 1) 
B) lithium (atomic number 3) 
C) chlorine (atomic number 17) 
D) argon (atomic number 18) 
E) scandium (atomic number 21) 
A) hydrogen (atomic number 1) 
B) lithium (atomic number 3) 
C) chlorine (atomic number 17) 
D) argon (atomic number 18) 
E) scandium (atomic number 21) D

Question 2

Match the following terms with the best description.
-separation of charge into positive and negative regions of a molecule

Accepted Answer

A) compound 
B) polarity 
C) electronegativity 
D) ion 
A) compound 
B) polarity 
C) electronegativity 
D) ion B

Question 3

The nucleus of an atom contains ____.

Accepted Answer

A) neutrons and protons 
B) neutrons and electrons 
C) protons and electrons 
D) protons only 
E) neutrons only 
A) neutrons and protons 
B) neutrons and electrons 
C) protons and electrons 
D) protons only 
E) neutrons only A

Question 4

Water molecules consist of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms. In these covalent bonds, the electrons are pulled toward the oxygen side of the covalent bond, making one side of the molecule slightly negative and the other side of the molecule slightly positive. This characteristic of water is called ____.

Accepted Answer

A) polarity 
B) ionic 
C) electronegativity 
D) hydrophobicity 
E) cohesion 
A) polarity 
B) ionic 
C) electronegativity 
D) hydrophobicity 
E) cohesion

Question 5

What are the fundamental building blocks of all matter?

Accepted Answer

A) atoms 
B) compounds 
C) ions 
D) molecules 
E) electrons 
A) atoms 
B) compounds 
C) ions 
D) molecules 
E) electrons

Question 6

Refer to chemical equation shown here to explain why carbon dioxide dissolved in water acts as a buffer.
H2O + CO2 ←→ H2CO3 ←→ H+ + HCO3

Accepted Answer

The equation below shows what happens wh

Question 7

Substances that are ____ give up hydrogen ions when they dissolve in water.

Accepted Answer

A) basic 
B) acidic 
C) neutral 
D) hydrophobic 
E) buffered 
A) basic 
B) acidic 
C) neutral 
D) hydrophobic 
E) buffered

Question 8

Elements are arranged in the ____ according to their ____.

Accepted Answer

A) periodic table; size 
B) pH scale; charge 
C) pH scale; mass number 
D) periodic table; atomic number 
E) orbitals; electronegativity 
A) periodic table; size 
B) pH scale; charge 
C) pH scale; mass number 
D) periodic table; atomic number 
E) orbitals; electronegativity

Question 9

A molecule is ____.

Accepted Answer

A) a combination of two or more atoms 
B) less stable than its constituent atoms separated 
C) always electrically charged 
D) a carrier of one or more extra neutrons 
E) another term for an atom 
A) a combination of two or more atoms 
B) less stable than its constituent atoms separated 
C) always electrically charged 
D) a carrier of one or more extra neutrons 
E) another term for an atom

Question 10

Match the chemical bond descriptions with the type of bond listed below. Each answer may be used more than once.
-attraction between a covalently bonded hydrogen atom and another atom taking part in a separate covalent bond

Accepted Answer

A) ionic bond 
B) covalent bond 
C) hydrogen bond 
A) ionic bond 
B) covalent bond 
C) hydrogen bond

Question 11

Negatively charged subatomic particles are known as ____.

Accepted Answer

A) neutrons 
B) protons 
C) electrons 
D) elements 
E) atoms 
A) neutrons 
B) protons 
C) electrons 
D) elements 
E) atoms

Question 12

​Imagine that you are pouring some table salt (NaCl) into a glass of water and stirring it until the salt has dissolved. Given this scenario, match the following terms with the best description.​
-the water

Accepted Answer

A) solvent 
B) solute 
C) solution 
A) solvent 
B) solute 
C) solution

Question 13

Alchemists were medieval scholars and philosophers who were the forerunners of modern-day chemists. Many tried repeatedly to transform lead (atomic number 82) into gold (atomic number 79). Explain why they never succeeded.

Accepted Answer

Medieval alchemists understood the trans

Question 14

Match the chemical bond descriptions with the type of bond listed below. Each answer may be used more than once.
-stabilizes the characteristic structures of biological molecules such as DNA and proteins

Accepted Answer

A) ionic bond 
B) covalent bond 
C) hydrogen bond 
A) ionic bond 
B) covalent bond 
C) hydrogen bond

Question 15

How can radioisotopes be used as tracers to study biological processes?

Accepted Answer

Isotopes of an element differ in the num

Question 16

Match the chemical bond descriptions with the type of bond listed below. Each answer may be used more than once.
-ions retain their respective charges

Accepted Answer

A) ionic bond 
B) covalent bond 
C) hydrogen bond 
A) ionic bond 
B) covalent bond 
C) hydrogen bond

Question 17

Match the terms with their most suitable description.
-negative charge

Accepted Answer

A) number of protons > number of electrons B) number of protons in the atomic nucleus C) polar; easily dissolves in water D) number of protons < number of electrons E) number of protons = number of electrons F)measure of molecular motion G)number of protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus A) number of protons > number of electrons B) number of protons in the atomic nucleus C) polar; easily dissolves in water D) number of protons < number of electrons E) number of protons = number of electrons F)measure of molecular motion G)number of protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus

Question 18

Which chemical interactions is/are classified as true chemical bonds?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen bonds only 
B) ionic bonds only 
C) covalent bonds only 
D) ionic and covalent bonds 
E) hydrogen, ionic, and covalent bonds 
A) hydrogen bonds only 
B) ionic bonds only 
C) covalent bonds only 
D) ionic and covalent bonds 
E) hydrogen, ionic, and covalent bonds

Question 19

Water is an example of a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

A) atom 
B) ion 
C) compound 
D) solution 
E) element 
A) atom 
B) ion 
C) compound 
D) solution 
E) element

Question 20

Atoms with unpaired electrons, known as ____, are dangerous because they ____.

Accepted Answer

A) free radicals; damage biological molecules 
B) ions; are unstable 
C) radioisotopes; damage electron orbitals 
D) free radicals; are inert 
E) radioisotopes; cannot fill their electron shells 
A) free radicals; damage biological molecules 
B) ions; are unstable 
C) radioisotopes; damage electron orbitals 
D) free radicals; are inert 
E) radioisotopes; cannot fill their electron shells

Exam 2: Lifes Chemical Basis

An atom of which element is the least reactive?

Match the following terms with the best description. -separation of charge into positive and negative regions of a molecule

The nucleus of an atom contains ____.

What are the fundamental building blocks of all matter?

Refer to chemical equation shown here to explain why carbon dioxide dissolved in water acts as a buffer. H2O + CO2 ←→ H2CO3 ←→ H+ + HCO3

Substances that are ____ give up hydrogen ions when they dissolve in water.

Elements are arranged in the ____ according to their ____.

A molecule is ____.

Match the chemical bond descriptions with the type of bond listed below. Each answer may be used more than once. -attraction between a covalently bonded hydrogen atom and another atom taking part in a separate covalent bond

Negatively charged subatomic particles are known as ____.

​Imagine that you are pouring some table salt (NaCl) into a glass of water and stirring it until the salt has dissolved. Given this scenario, match the following terms with the best description.​ -the water

Alchemists were medieval scholars and philosophers who were the forerunners of modern-day chemists. Many tried repeatedly to transform lead (atomic number 82) into gold (atomic number 79). Explain why they never succeeded.

Match the chemical bond descriptions with the type of bond listed below. Each answer may be used more than once. -stabilizes the characteristic structures of biological molecules such as DNA and proteins

How can radioisotopes be used as tracers to study biological processes?

Match the chemical bond descriptions with the type of bond listed below. Each answer may be used more than once. -ions retain their respective charges

Match the terms with their most suitable description. -negative charge

Which chemical interactions is/are classified as true chemical bonds?

Water is an example of a(n) ____.

Atoms with unpaired electrons, known as ____, are dangerous because they ____.

The Science of Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Starts-Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

DNA Structure and Function

From DNA to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Patterns in Inherited Traits

Human Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Lifes Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

The Protists

Plant Evolution

Fungi

Animals I: Major Invertebrate Groups

Animals Ii: the Chordates

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Effects on the Biosphere

Filters

Elements are arranged in the according to their .

Imagine that you are pouring some table salt (NaCl) into a glass of water and stirring it until the salt has dissolved. Given this scenario, match the following terms with the best description. -the water

Atoms with unpaired electrons, known as , are dangerous because they .