Question 1

What causes ocean acidification? What are some effects of ocean acidification?

Accepted Answer

Burning of fossil fuels releases a lot o

Question 2

Which chemical interaction(s) is/are the weakest?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrogen bonds only 
B) ionic bonds only 
C) covalent bonds only 
D) both hydrogen and covalent bonds 
E) both ionic and covalent bonds 
A) hydrogen bonds only 
B) ionic bonds only 
C) covalent bonds only 
D) both hydrogen and covalent bonds 
E) both ionic and covalent bonds

Question 3

​Imagine that you are pouring some table salt (NaCl) into a glass of water and stirring it until the salt has dissolved. Given this scenario, match the following terms with the best description.​
-the salt

Accepted Answer

A) solvent 
B) solute 
C) solution 
A) solvent 
B) solute 
C) solution

Question 4

According to the pH scale, which substance is the most acidic?

Accepted Answer

A) hydrochloric acid, pH=1 
B) orange juice, pH=3 
C) butter, pH=6 
D) pure water, pH=7 
E) seawater, pH=8 
A) hydrochloric acid, pH=1 
B) orange juice, pH=3 
C) butter, pH=6 
D) pure water, pH=7 
E) seawater, pH=8

Question 5

Hydrogen bonds in water collectively exert a continuous pull on its individual molecules; therefore, water molecules resist separating from each other. This property is called ____.

Accepted Answer

A) ionic bonding 
B) solvency 
C) polarity 
D) hydrophilic tension 
E) cohesion 
A) ionic bonding 
B) solvency 
C) polarity 
D) hydrophilic tension 
E) cohesion

Question 6

According to the atomic shell model, the second shell can hold up to ____ electrons.

Accepted Answer

A) one 
B) two 
C) four 
D) six 
E) eight 
A) one 
B) two 
C) four 
D) six 
E) eight

Question 7

A molecule of sodium chloride (NaCl) is ____ because each ion retains its respective charges as they participate in a(n) ____ bond.

Accepted Answer

A) polar; hydrogen 
B) polar; ionic 
C) nonpolar; single covalent 
D) nonpolar; double covalent 
E) polar; covalent 
A) polar; hydrogen 
B) polar; ionic 
C) nonpolar; single covalent 
D) nonpolar; double covalent 
E) polar; covalent

Question 8

Why does the evaporation of sweat effectively cool the body?

Accepted Answer

A) As sweat cools, the distance between water molecules increases, which further reduces the temperature. 
B) Since evaporation requires energy to overcome cohesion, heat energy is removed from the body surface. 
C) Water in sweat insulates the skin and absorbs heat from the body before evaporation. 
D) Water absorbs heat from skin oils, which is removed from the body during evaporation. 
E) Breaking the bonds holding water molecules together releases energy, which is absorbed by the solutes present in sweat. 
A) As sweat cools, the distance between water molecules increases, which further reduces the temperature. 
B) Since evaporation requires energy to overcome cohesion, heat energy is removed from the body surface. 
C) Water in sweat insulates the skin and absorbs heat from the body before evaporation. 
D) Water absorbs heat from skin oils, which is removed from the body during evaporation. 
E) Breaking the bonds holding water molecules together releases energy, which is absorbed by the solutes present in sweat.

Question 9

A salt will dissolve in water to form ____.

Accepted Answer

A) acids 
B) gases 
C) ions 
D) bases 
E) polar solvents 
A) acids 
B) gases 
C) ions 
D) bases 
E) polar solvents

Question 10

What makes water an excellent solvent?

Accepted Answer

The polarity of the water molecule and i

Question 11

A hydrogen bond is a(n) ____.

Accepted Answer

A) shared pair of electrons between a hydrogen and an oxygen nucleus 
B) shared pair of electrons between a hydrogen nucleus and either an oxygen or a nitrogen nucleus 
C) attraction between a covalently bonded hydrogen atom and another atom taking part in a separate polar covalent bond 
D) attraction between an ionically bonded hydrogen atom and another atom taking part in a separate polar covalent bond 
E) a strong chemical bond between two ions that are each bonded to other polar compounds 
A) shared pair of electrons between a hydrogen and an oxygen nucleus 
B) shared pair of electrons between a hydrogen nucleus and either an oxygen or a nitrogen nucleus 
C) attraction between a covalently bonded hydrogen atom and another atom taking part in a separate polar covalent bond 
D) attraction between an ionically bonded hydrogen atom and another atom taking part in a separate polar covalent bond 
E) a strong chemical bond between two ions that are each bonded to other polar compounds

Question 12

Why does ice float on water?

Accepted Answer

A) Ice is hydrophobic and repels water. 
B) Water molecules have less mass as they become colder. 
C) Water molecules are spaced farther apart in ice than in liquid water. 
D) Vibrating electrons in liquid water push ice to the surface. 
E) Hydrogen bonds are weaker in ice. 
A) Ice is hydrophobic and repels water. 
B) Water molecules have less mass as they become colder. 
C) Water molecules are spaced farther apart in ice than in liquid water. 
D) Vibrating electrons in liquid water push ice to the surface. 
E) Hydrogen bonds are weaker in ice.

Question 13

Match the terms with their most suitable description.
-hydrophilic

Accepted Answer

A) number of protons > number of electrons B) number of protons in the atomic nucleus C) polar; easily dissolves in water D) number of protons < number of electrons E) number of protons = number of electrons F)measure of molecular motion G)number of protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus A) number of protons > number of electrons B) number of protons in the atomic nucleus C) polar; easily dissolves in water D) number of protons < number of electrons E) number of protons = number of electrons F)measure of molecular motion G)number of protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus

Question 14

​We all know the saying "It's not the heat, it's the humidity." Why is the cooling effect of sweat ineffective on humid days?

Accepted Answer

​Sweat, which is more than 99 percent wa

Question 15

Match the terms with their most suitable description.
-mass number

Accepted Answer

A) number of protons > number of electrons B) number of protons in the atomic nucleus C) polar; easily dissolves in water D) number of protons < number of electrons E) number of protons = number of electrons F)measure of molecular motion G)number of protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus A) number of protons > number of electrons B) number of protons in the atomic nucleus C) polar; easily dissolves in water D) number of protons < number of electrons E) number of protons = number of electrons F)measure of molecular motion G)number of protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus

Question 16

Which subatomic particles are arranged in various energy levels or orbitals?

Accepted Answer

A) electrons only 
B) protons only 
C) neutrons only 
D) electrons and protons 
E) protons and neutrons 
A) electrons only 
B) protons only 
C) neutrons only 
D) electrons and protons 
E) protons and neutrons

Question 17

An atom of sodium has an atomic number of 11 and a mass number of 23. How many neutrons does it have?

Accepted Answer

A) 11 
B) 12 
C) 23 
D) 34 
E) 35 
A) 11 
B) 12 
C) 23 
D) 34 
E) 35

Question 18

Cellular pH is kept near a value of seven due to the action of ____ that can ____.

Accepted Answer

A) salts; dissolve readily in water 
B) buffers; alternately donate and accept H+ 
C) buffers; donate H+ when the pH decreases 
D) bases; donate OH- when pH rises 
E) water; stabilize temperature 
A) salts; dissolve readily in water 
B) buffers; alternately donate and accept H+ 
C) buffers; donate H+ when the pH decreases 
D) bases; donate OH- when pH rises 
E) water; stabilize temperature

Question 19

Match the terms with their most suitable description.
-temperature

Accepted Answer

A) number of protons > number of electrons B) number of protons in the atomic nucleus C) polar; easily dissolves in water D) number of protons < number of electrons E) number of protons = number of electrons F)measure of molecular motion G)number of protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus A) number of protons > number of electrons B) number of protons in the atomic nucleus C) polar; easily dissolves in water D) number of protons < number of electrons E) number of protons = number of electrons F)measure of molecular motion G)number of protons and neutrons in the atomic nucleus

Question 20

Which feature of water allows sheets of ice to form on the surface of lakes, thereby insulating the water below and protecting aquatic organisms during winter?

Accepted Answer

A) Water has surface tension. 
B) Water is an excellent solvent. 
C) Water has cohesion. 
D) Evaporation requires energy. 
E) Water is less dense when solid. 
A) Water has surface tension. 
B) Water is an excellent solvent. 
C) Water has cohesion. 
D) Evaporation requires energy. 
E) Water is less dense when solid.

Exam 2: Lifes Chemical Basis

What causes ocean acidification? What are some effects of ocean acidification?

Which chemical interaction(s) is/are the weakest?

​Imagine that you are pouring some table salt (NaCl) into a glass of water and stirring it until the salt has dissolved. Given this scenario, match the following terms with the best description.​ -the salt

According to the pH scale, which substance is the most acidic?

Hydrogen bonds in water collectively exert a continuous pull on its individual molecules; therefore, water molecules resist separating from each other. This property is called ____.

According to the atomic shell model, the second shell can hold up to ____ electrons.

A molecule of sodium chloride (NaCl) is ____ because each ion retains its respective charges as they participate in a(n) ____ bond.

Why does the evaporation of sweat effectively cool the body?

A salt will dissolve in water to form ____.

What makes water an excellent solvent?

A hydrogen bond is a(n) ____.

Why does ice float on water?

Match the terms with their most suitable description. -hydrophilic

​We all know the saying "It's not the heat, it's the humidity." Why is the cooling effect of sweat ineffective on humid days?

Match the terms with their most suitable description. -mass number

Which subatomic particles are arranged in various energy levels or orbitals?

An atom of sodium has an atomic number of 11 and a mass number of 23. How many neutrons does it have?

Cellular pH is kept near a value of seven due to the action of ____ that can ____.

Match the terms with their most suitable description. -temperature

Which feature of water allows sheets of ice to form on the surface of lakes, thereby insulating the water below and protecting aquatic organisms during winter?

The Science of Biology

Molecules of Life

Cell Structure

Ground Rules of Metabolism

Where It Starts-Photosynthesis

Releasing Chemical Energy

DNA Structure and Function

From DNA to Protein

Control of Gene Expression

How Cells Reproduce

Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction

Patterns in Inherited Traits

Human Inheritance

Biotechnology

Evidence of Evolution

Processes of Evolution

Lifes Origin and Early Evolution

Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

The Protists

Plant Evolution

Fungi

Animals I: Major Invertebrate Groups

Animals Ii: the Chordates

Plant Tissues

Plant Nutrition and Transport

Plant Reproduction and Development

Animal Tissues and Organ Systems

Neural Control

Sensory Perception

Endocrine Control

Structural Support and Movement

Circulation

Immunity

Respiration

Digestion and Human Nutrition

Maintaining the Internal Environment

Reproduction and Development

Animal Behavior

Population Ecology

Community Ecology

Ecosystems

The Biosphere

Human Effects on the Biosphere

Filters

Imagine that you are pouring some table salt (NaCl) into a glass of water and stirring it until the salt has dissolved. Given this scenario, match the following terms with the best description. -the salt

A molecule of sodium chloride (NaCl) is because each ion retains its respective charges as they participate in a(n) bond.

We all know the saying "It's not the heat, it's the humidity." Why is the cooling effect of sweat ineffective on humid days?

Cellular pH is kept near a value of seven due to the action of that can .