Researchers studying succession in three forest sites want to determine how similar the forests are in terms of species composition. Using Jaccard's index, rate the similarity of the three forests (A, B, C). Show your calculations. \[\begin{array} { | l | l | l | l | } \hline \text { Tree Species } & \text { Forest A } & \text { Forest B } & \text { Forest C } \\ \hline \text { Acer saccharum } & \mathrm { X } & \mathrm { X } & \\ \hline \text { Fagus grandifolia } & \mathrm { X } & \mathrm { X } & \mathrm { X } \\ \hline \text { Quercus rubra } & \mathrm { X } & & \mathrm { X } \\ \hline \text { Quercus alba } & \mathrm { X } & & \mathrm { X } \\ \hline \text { Acer rubrum } & \mathrm { X } & \mathrm { X } & \\ \hline \text { Prunus serotina } & & \mathrm { X } & \\ \hline \text { Liriodendron tulipifera } & \mathrm { X } & \mathrm { X } & \\ \hline \text { Carya ovata } & \mathrm { X } & & \mathrm { X } \\ \hline \end{array}\]

Forest A has 7 tree species: Acer saccha

Exam 19: Community Succession

Researchers studying succession in three forest sites want to determine how similar the forests are in terms of species composition. Using Jaccard's index, rate the similarity of the three forests (A, B, C). Show your calculations. Tree Species Forest A Forest B Forest C Acer saccharum Fagus grandifolia Quercus rubra Quercus alba Acer rubrum Prunus serotina Liriodendron tulipifera Carya ovata

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Question 61

Jaccard's index quantifies

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 62

What role does disturbance play in the recently discovered mechanism of pond succession that isn't found in the classical mechanism of succession?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 63

In the study of stream succession following a major flood event at Sycamore Creek in Arizona, what was the first organism to recolonize the stream?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 64

If you were assigned the task of starting a plant community that could thrive on Mars, where there is no soil on the surface, which might be good to bring for the initial colonization?

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Question 65

Indirect observations of succession are often done by using

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 66

One of the traits common in late-succession plant species is

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Question 67

Which mechanism of succession is independent of the presence or absence of other species?

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Question 68

Over the course of terrestrial succession, what is the general pattern of species richness?

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Question 69

Late-succession species are likely to have

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Question 70

When succession was studied at the Duke Forest in the Piedmont region of North Carolina, how many years did it take for the forest to revert to deciduous climax forest from agricultural field?

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Question 71

How does detritus-dead organic matter-play a role in terrestrial succession?

(Short Answer)

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Question 72

If a legume inhibits the growth of other plants around it by using noxious chemicals,

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Question 73

How are floods that remove organic matter on the surface of rocks similar to gaps observed in forests?

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Question 74

Stream succession is rapid because

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Question 75

Succession in intertidal communities is rapid because

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Question 76

Changes in North American forest climax communities

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Question 77

Why is tolerance a mechanism that can be found in both early and late seral stages?

(Multiple Choice)

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Question 78

What kinds of disturbances might change climax communities on the steep slopes of the Rocky Mountains?

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Question 79

Which is true about terrestrial succession?

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Question 80

Exam 19: Community Succession

Jaccard's index quantifies

What role does disturbance play in the recently discovered mechanism of pond succession that isn't found in the classical mechanism of succession?

In the study of stream succession following a major flood event at Sycamore Creek in Arizona, what was the first organism to recolonize the stream?

If you were assigned the task of starting a plant community that could thrive on Mars, where there is no soil on the surface, which might be good to bring for the initial colonization?

Indirect observations of succession are often done by using

One of the traits common in late-succession plant species is

Which mechanism of succession is independent of the presence or absence of other species?

Over the course of terrestrial succession, what is the general pattern of species richness?

Late-succession species are likely to have

When succession was studied at the Duke Forest in the Piedmont region of North Carolina, how many years did it take for the forest to revert to deciduous climax forest from agricultural field?

How does detritus-dead organic matter-play a role in terrestrial succession?

If a legume inhibits the growth of other plants around it by using noxious chemicals,

How are floods that remove organic matter on the surface of rocks similar to gaps observed in forests?

Stream succession is rapid because

Succession in intertidal communities is rapid because

Changes in North American forest climax communities

Why is tolerance a mechanism that can be found in both early and late seral stages?

What kinds of disturbances might change climax communities on the steep slopes of the Rocky Mountains?

Which is true about terrestrial succession?

Introduction: Ecology, Evolution, and the Scientific Method

Adaptations to Aquatic Environments

Adaptations to Terrestrial Environments

Adaptations to Variable Environments

Climates and Soils

Terrestrial and Aquatic Biomes

Evolution and Adaptation

Life Histories

Reproductive Strategies

Social Behaviors

Population Distributions

Population Growth and Regulation

Population Dynamics Over Space and Time

Predation and Herbivory

Parasitism and Infectious Diseases

Competition

Mutualism

Community Structure

Movement of Energy in Ecosystems

Movement of Elements in Ecosystems

Landscape Ecology and Global Biodiversity

Global Conservation of Biodiversity

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Exam 19: Community Succession　