Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a category of instrumental values?

Accepted Answer

A)  cultural 
B)  regulating 
C)  consumer 
D)  supporting 
A)  cultural 
B)  regulating 
C)  consumer 
D)  supporting C

Question 2

The carbon-sequestering ability of tropical rainforests is an example of a _____ service.

Accepted Answer

A)  regulating 
B)  provisioning 
C)  cultural 
D)  supporting 
A)  regulating 
B)  provisioning 
C)  cultural 
D)  supporting A

Question 3

What is the process by which the concentration of a contaminant increases as it moves up the food chain?

Accepted Answer

A)  bioexpansion 
B)  bioconcentration 
C)  biomagnification 
D)  bioaccumulation 
A)  bioexpansion 
B)  bioconcentration 
C)  biomagnification 
D)  bioaccumulation A

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a cause of declining genetic diversity?

Accepted Answer

A)  inbreeding depression 
B)  declining population sizes 
C)  bottleneck effect 
D)  mutation 
A)  inbreeding depression 
B)  declining population sizes 
C)  bottleneck effect 
D)  mutation

Question 5

Explain how an insecticide like DDT, which was found in low concentrations in water after its application for insect control, nearly caused the loss of species like the bald eagle in some places in the United States during the 1960s.

Accepted Answer

DDT, an insecticide used for insect cont

Question 6

The beauty of a national park is an example of a _____ service.

Accepted Answer

A)  supporting 
B)  provisioning 
C)  regulating 
D)  cultural 
A)  supporting 
B)  provisioning 
C)  regulating 
D)  cultural

Question 7

In the calculation of half-life, N0 represents the

Accepted Answer

A)  final amount of the contaminant. 
B)  initial amount of the contaminant. 
C)  elapsed time. 
D)  half-life. 
A)  final amount of the contaminant. 
B)  initial amount of the contaminant. 
C)  elapsed time. 
D)  half-life.

Question 8

Nutrient cycling is an example of a _____ service.

Accepted Answer

A)  regulating 
B)  cultural 
C)  supporting 
D)  provisioning 
A)  regulating 
B)  cultural 
C)  supporting 
D)  provisioning

Question 9

Which of the following describes intrinsic values of biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

A)  aesthetic 
B)  cultural 
C)  inherent 
D)  economic 
A)  aesthetic 
B)  cultural 
C)  inherent 
D)  economic

Question 10

Of the 607 species of conifers, how many have gone extinct?

Accepted Answer

A)  42 percent 
B)  20 percent 
C)  5 percent 
D)  No conifers have gone extinct. 
A)  42 percent 
B)  20 percent 
C)  5 percent 
D)  No conifers have gone extinct.

Question 11

The northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) was saved from extinction by

Accepted Answer

A)  captive breeding. 
B)  species reintroduction. 
C)  habitat protection. 
D)  reduced harvesting. 
A)  captive breeding. 
B)  species reintroduction. 
C)  habitat protection. 
D)  reduced harvesting.

Question 12

Flood control is an example of a _____ service.

Accepted Answer

A)  provisioning 
B)  cultural 
C)  regulating 
D)  supporting 
A)  provisioning 
B)  cultural 
C)  regulating 
D)  supporting

Question 13

How has agriculture led to losses of genetic diversity? Why is this a problem?

Accepted Answer

Agriculture has led to losses of genetic

Question 14

Which chemical caused declines in predatory bird populations in the 1950s and 1960s in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  DDT 
B)  Alar 
C)  organophosphates 
D)  pyrethroids 
A)  DDT 
B)  Alar 
C)  organophosphates 
D)  pyrethroids

Question 15

It has been documented (see Figure 23.12) that forest cover has declined in many regions of the world for nearly the past 20 years. In other parts of the world, forest cover has increased during this time. Why do conservation biologists see both of these developments as potentially problematic for biodiversity?

Accepted Answer

Conservation biologists see both the dec

Question 16

Over the past 20 years, sea levels have been rising at a rate of _____ millimeters per year.

Accepted Answer

A)  5 
B)  1 
C)  10 
D)  3 
A)  5 
B)  1 
C)  10 
D)  3

Question 17

Declines in genetic diversity can

Accepted Answer

A)  increase the probability that a population will survive changing environmental conditions. 
B)  reduce the probability that a population will survive changing environmental conditions. 
C)  decrease the probability of speciation. 
D)  increase the rate of evolution. 
A)  increase the probability that a population will survive changing environmental conditions. 
B)  reduce the probability that a population will survive changing environmental conditions. 
C)  decrease the probability of speciation. 
D)  increase the rate of evolution.

Question 18

The most recent mass extinction event occurred

Accepted Answer

A)  65 million years ago. 
B)  200 million years ago. 
C)  35 million years ago. 
D)  450 million years ago. 
A)  65 million years ago. 
B)  200 million years ago. 
C)  35 million years ago. 
D)  450 million years ago.

Question 19

The half-life of a contaminant is calculated as

Accepted Answer

A)  Ln (N0 ÷ Nt) ÷ t ln (2). 
B)  Ln (N0 × Nt) ÷ t ln (2). 
C)  t ln (2) ÷ ln (N0 × Nt). 
D)  t ln (2) ÷ ln (N0 ÷ Nt). 
A)  Ln (N0 ÷ Nt) ÷ t ln (2). 
B)  Ln (N0 × Nt) ÷ t ln (2). 
C)  t ln (2) ÷ ln (N0 × Nt). 
D)  t ln (2) ÷ ln (N0 ÷ Nt).

Question 20

Methylmercury is an organic mercury compound that is a waste product of industrial processes and also results from the burning of fossil fuels. Methylmercury has been shown to increase up food chains by biomagnification. Bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus) can have tissue concentrations of methylmercury of 0.69 ppm (parts per million). Assuming a food web that starts with phytoplankton (0.00069 ppm) and a 10-fold biomagnification from each level in the food chain to the next level, calculate the concentration of methylmercury at each level in the food chain. How many levels are there in the food chain, including the phytoplankton and the tuna?

Accepted Answer

To calculate the concentration of methyl

Exam 23: Global Conservation of Biodiversity

Which of the following is NOT a category of instrumental values?

The carbon-sequestering ability of tropical rainforests is an example of a _____ service.

What is the process by which the concentration of a contaminant increases as it moves up the food chain?

Which of the following is NOT a cause of declining genetic diversity?

Explain how an insecticide like DDT, which was found in low concentrations in water after its application for insect control, nearly caused the loss of species like the bald eagle in some places in the United States during the 1960s.

The beauty of a national park is an example of a _____ service.

In the calculation of half-life, N0 represents the

Nutrient cycling is an example of a _____ service.

Which of the following describes intrinsic values of biodiversity?

Of the 607 species of conifers, how many have gone extinct?

The northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) was saved from extinction by

Flood control is an example of a _____ service.

How has agriculture led to losses of genetic diversity? Why is this a problem?

Which chemical caused declines in predatory bird populations in the 1950s and 1960s in the United States?

Over the past 20 years, sea levels have been rising at a rate of _____ millimeters per year.

Declines in genetic diversity can

The most recent mass extinction event occurred

The half-life of a contaminant is calculated as

Introduction: Ecology, Evolution, and the Scientific Method

Adaptations to Aquatic Environments

Adaptations to Terrestrial Environments

Adaptations to Variable Environments

Climates and Soils

Terrestrial and Aquatic Biomes

Evolution and Adaptation

Life Histories

Reproductive Strategies

Social Behaviors

Population Distributions

Population Growth and Regulation

Population Dynamics Over Space and Time

Predation and Herbivory

Parasitism and Infectious Diseases

Competition

Mutualism

Community Structure

Community Succession

Movement of Energy in Ecosystems

Movement of Elements in Ecosystems

Landscape Ecology and Global Biodiversity

Filters

In the calculation of half-life, N₀ represents the