Question 1

Which soil has the largest particles?

Accepted Answer

A)  clay 
B)  sand 
C)  loam 
D)  silt 
A)  clay 
B)  sand 
C)  loam 
D)  silt B

Question 2

The specialized organelles used in photosynthesis are called

Accepted Answer

A)  thylakoids. 
B)  chloroplasts. 
C)  carotenoids. 
D)  RuBisCOs. 
A)  thylakoids. 
B)  chloroplasts. 
C)  carotenoids. 
D)  RuBisCOs. B

Question 3

How are independent variables used in scientific experiments? What is an example of an independent variable and a related experiment?

Accepted Answer

Independent variables are used in scientific experiments to test their effect on the dependent variable. The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated or changed by the researcher, and its effect on the dependent variable is measured.

For example, in a study to test the effect of different amounts of fertilizer on plant growth, the independent variable would be the amount of fertilizer applied to the plants. The researcher would manipulate this variable by applying different amounts of fertilizer to different groups of plants. The dependent variable in this experiment would be the growth of the plants, which is measured to see how it is affected by the different amounts of fertilizer.

In this experiment, the independent variable is the amount of fertilizer, and the dependent variable is the plant growth. By manipulating the independent variable and measuring its effect on the dependent variable, researchers can determine the relationship between the two variables and draw conclusions about cause and effect.

Question 4

Some species of birds have specific adaptations of their circulatory system to decrease heat loss to the environment. Those adaptations include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  increased red blood cell count 
B)  an enlarged spleen 
C)  countercurrent blood circulation 
D)  hemoglobin with a higher affinity for oxygen 
A)  increased red blood cell count 
B)  an enlarged spleen 
C)  countercurrent blood circulation 
D)  hemoglobin with a higher affinity for oxygen

Question 5

What is the primary cause of increased nitrogen in animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  absorption by the blood during respiration 
B)  high concentrations in water sources 
C)  inability to metabolize nitrogen gas 
D)  the consumption of proteins 
A)  absorption by the blood during respiration 
B)  high concentrations in water sources 
C)  inability to metabolize nitrogen gas 
D)  the consumption of proteins

Question 6

How does size affect heat exchange in animals?

Accepted Answer

The size of an animal has a significant

Question 7

Explain why the C4 pathway accounts for a high proportion of photosynthesis worldwide and why this is unexpected.

Accepted Answer

The C4 pathway accounts for a high propo

Question 8

The first compound formed after light is absorbed by a plant is

Accepted Answer

A)  RuBisCO. 
B)  ATP. 
C)  Glucose. 
D)  PEP. 
A)  RuBisCO. 
B)  ATP. 
C)  Glucose. 
D)  PEP.

Question 9

Which is an adaptation to manage cold in extremities?

Accepted Answer

A)  blood shunting 
B)  concurrent circulation 
C)  lack of precapillary sphincters 
D)  increased insulation 
A)  blood shunting 
B)  concurrent circulation 
C)  lack of precapillary sphincters 
D)  increased insulation

Question 10

Which organ is responsible for removing salts from mammals?

Accepted Answer

A)  liver 
B)  kidney 
C)  lower intestine 
D)  thyroid 
A)  liver 
B)  kidney 
C)  lower intestine 
D)  thyroid

Question 11

How can soil type affect salinization?

Accepted Answer

Soil type can significantly affect the p

Question 12

The Calvin cycle in CAM photosynthesis occurs in

Accepted Answer

A)  xylem cells. 
B)  mesophyll cells. 
C)  bundle sheath cells. 
D)  lower epidermis cells. 
A)  xylem cells. 
B)  mesophyll cells. 
C)  bundle sheath cells. 
D)  lower epidermis cells.

Question 13

Salinization

Accepted Answer

A)  can be caused by repeated irrigation. 
B)  is a process resulting in sandy soil. 
C)  increases the water potential. 
D)  leaches away the nutrients in soil. 
A)  can be caused by repeated irrigation. 
B)  is a process resulting in sandy soil. 
C)  increases the water potential. 
D)  leaches away the nutrients in soil.

Question 14

Which compound is NOT used to store energy in photosynthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  ATP 
B)  NADPH 
C)  PEP 
D)  OAA 
A)  ATP 
B)  NADPH 
C)  PEP 
D)  OAA

Question 15

Which heat transfer method occurs with contact?

Accepted Answer

A)  convection 
B)  evaporation 
C)  radiation 
D)  conduction 
A)  convection 
B)  evaporation 
C)  radiation 
D)  conduction

Question 16

Wind causes heat transfer by

Accepted Answer

A)  convection. 
B)  evaporation. 
C)  radiation. 
D)  conduction. 
A)  convection. 
B)  evaporation. 
C)  radiation. 
D)  conduction.

Question 17

A plant with a high number of stomata

Accepted Answer

A)  has a high root pressure. 
B)  is resistant to salinization. 
C)  has a low rate of photosynthesis. 
D)  has a high rate of transpiration. 
E)  can survive high water potential conditions. 
A)  has a high root pressure. 
B)  is resistant to salinization. 
C)  has a low rate of photosynthesis. 
D)  has a high rate of transpiration. 
E)  can survive high water potential conditions.

Question 18

An animal curling up into a ball on a cold winter night is attempting to

Accepted Answer

A)  increase radiative heat gain. 
B)  increase convective heat gain. 
C)  decrease evaporative cooling. 
D)  decrease conductive heat loss. 
A)  increase radiative heat gain. 
B)  increase convective heat gain. 
C)  decrease evaporative cooling. 
D)  decrease conductive heat loss.

Question 19

Which is NOT a true statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  All ectotherms are poikilotherms. 
B)  Ectotherms tend to have lower metabolic rates than endotherms. 
C)  Ectotherms are able to alter their body temperature. 
D)  Ectotherms have body temperatures that are determined largely by their external environment. 
A)  All ectotherms are poikilotherms. 
B)  Ectotherms tend to have lower metabolic rates than endotherms. 
C)  Ectotherms are able to alter their body temperature. 
D)  Ectotherms have body temperatures that are determined largely by their external environment.

Question 20

One factor that drives the movement of water from roots to leaves is

Accepted Answer

A)  gravity. 
B)  tension. 
C)  concentration differentials. 
D)  osmotic potential. 
A)  gravity. 
B)  tension. 
C)  concentration differentials. 
D)  osmotic potential.

Exam 3: Adaptations to Terrestrial Environments

Which soil has the largest particles?

The specialized organelles used in photosynthesis are called

How are independent variables used in scientific experiments? What is an example of an independent variable and a related experiment?

Some species of birds have specific adaptations of their circulatory system to decrease heat loss to the environment. Those adaptations include which of the following?

What is the primary cause of increased nitrogen in animals?

How does size affect heat exchange in animals?

Explain why the C4 pathway accounts for a high proportion of photosynthesis worldwide and why this is unexpected.

The first compound formed after light is absorbed by a plant is

Which is an adaptation to manage cold in extremities?

Which organ is responsible for removing salts from mammals?

How can soil type affect salinization?

The Calvin cycle in CAM photosynthesis occurs in

Salinization

Which compound is NOT used to store energy in photosynthesis?

Which heat transfer method occurs with contact?

Wind causes heat transfer by

A plant with a high number of stomata

An animal curling up into a ball on a cold winter night is attempting to

Which is NOT a true statement?

One factor that drives the movement of water from roots to leaves is

Introduction: Ecology, Evolution, and the Scientific Method

Adaptations to Aquatic Environments

Adaptations to Variable Environments

Climates and Soils

Terrestrial and Aquatic Biomes

Evolution and Adaptation

Life Histories

Reproductive Strategies

Social Behaviors

Population Distributions

Population Growth and Regulation

Population Dynamics Over Space and Time

Predation and Herbivory

Parasitism and Infectious Diseases

Competition

Mutualism

Community Structure

Community Succession

Movement of Energy in Ecosystems

Movement of Elements in Ecosystems

Landscape Ecology and Global Biodiversity

Global Conservation of Biodiversity

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Exam 3: Adaptations to Terrestrial Environments　