Question 1

The sites of active red marrow differ for adults and young children. Which one site is active in children but not in adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  Proximal end of the long bones 
B)  Skull 
C)  Distal ends of the long bones 
D)  Pelvis 
A)  Proximal end of the long bones 
B)  Skull 
C)  Distal ends of the long bones 
D)  Pelvis C

Question 2

What type of preparation is preferred for bone marrow aspirates?

Accepted Answer

A)  Coverslip smears from a bone marrow fragment called a spicule 
B)  Wedge smears made from the blood surrounding marrow fragments 
C)  Touch preps from rolling the biopsy on a glass slide 
D)  Smears of the biopsy made with an automated slide maker 
A)  Coverslip smears from a bone marrow fragment called a spicule 
B)  Wedge smears made from the blood surrounding marrow fragments 
C)  Touch preps from rolling the biopsy on a glass slide 
D)  Smears of the biopsy made with an automated slide maker A

Question 3

The best use for bone marrow aspirate smears is:

Accepted Answer

A)  Counting the differential 
B)  Determining overall cellularity 
C)  Estimating fat-to-cell ratio 
D)  Evaluating for focal lesions such as lymphoma 
A)  Counting the differential 
B)  Determining overall cellularity 
C)  Estimating fat-to-cell ratio 
D)  Evaluating for focal lesions such as lymphoma A

Question 4

A bone marrow aspirate shows copious blue granules with the Prussian blue stain. Select the correct interpretation:

Accepted Answer

A)  Iron overload 
B)  Iron deficiency 
C)  Tumor cells present 
D)  Megakaryocytes increased 
A)  Iron overload 
B)  Iron deficiency 
C)  Tumor cells present 
D)  Megakaryocytes increased

Question 5

What stain is most commonly used for bone marrow aspirates?

Accepted Answer

A)  Prussian blue 
B)  New methylene blue 
C)  Hematoxylin and eosin (H&
E)  
D)  Wright 
A)  Prussian blue 
B)  New methylene blue 
C)  Hematoxylin and eosin (H&
E)  
D)  Wright

Question 6

Which of the following cell types tend to be found in molded clusters in the bone marrow?

Accepted Answer

A)  Megakaryocytes 
B)  Malignant cells 
C)  Immature granulocytes 
D)  Monocytes 
A)  Megakaryocytes 
B)  Malignant cells 
C)  Immature granulocytes 
D)  Monocytes

Question 7

Which of the following would be a valid indication for performing a bone marrow aspiration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Iron deficiency 
B)  Folate deficiency 
C)  Unexpected pancytopenia 
D)  Leukocytosis from a severe infection 
A)  Iron deficiency 
B)  Folate deficiency 
C)  Unexpected pancytopenia 
D)  Leukocytosis from a severe infection

Question 8

Osteoblasts can be easily confused with:

Accepted Answer

A)  Megakaryocytes 
B)  Osteoclasts 
C)  Plasma cells 
D)  Macrophages 
A)  Megakaryocytes 
B)  Osteoclasts 
C)  Plasma cells 
D)  Macrophages

Question 9

The myeloid-to-erythroid (M:E) ratio of a bone marrow is 1:1. Select the correct interpretation.

Accepted Answer

A)  Normal 
B)  Abnormal, more fat cells than normal 
C)  Abnormal, more white cell precursors than normal 
D)  Abnormal, more red cell precursors than normal 
A)  Normal 
B)  Abnormal, more fat cells than normal 
C)  Abnormal, more white cell precursors than normal 
D)  Abnormal, more red cell precursors than normal

Question 10

Low power (*10) is used to count and evaluate which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Immature neutrophils 
B)  Megakaryocytes 
C)  Nucleated red cells 
D)  Plasma cells 
A)  Immature neutrophils 
B)  Megakaryocytes 
C)  Nucleated red cells 
D)  Plasma cells

Question 11

A cell is described as having an eccentric heavily stained (condensed chromatin) nucleus with blue cytoplasm. A pale perinuclear Golgi complex is noted next to the nucleus. What is this cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  Myelocyte 
B)  Plasma cell 
C)  Lymphocyte 
D)  Myeloblast 
A)  Myelocyte 
B)  Plasma cell 
C)  Lymphocyte 
D)  Myeloblast

Question 12

What is the most common site for bone marrow aspiration in an adult?

Accepted Answer

A)  Sternum 
B)  Posterior iliac crest 
C)  Tibia 
D)  Ribs 
A)  Sternum 
B)  Posterior iliac crest 
C)  Tibia 
D)  Ribs

Question 13

For which of the following is obtaining a bone marrow core biopsy mandatory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Anemia is suspected. 
B)  Leukemia is suspected. 
C)  Megakaryocyte disorders are suspected. 
D)  Aspirate is a dry tap. 
A)  Anemia is suspected. 
B)  Leukemia is suspected. 
C)  Megakaryocyte disorders are suspected. 
D)  Aspirate is a dry tap.

Question 14

Which of the following is least helpful in evaluating bone marrow findings?

Accepted Answer

A)  Differential performed on the aspirate 
B)  Clinical findings 
C)  Laboratory data from chemistry, immunology, and microbiology 
D)  Examination of peripheral blood 
A)  Differential performed on the aspirate 
B)  Clinical findings 
C)  Laboratory data from chemistry, immunology, and microbiology 
D)  Examination of peripheral blood

Question 15

What bone marrow sample is best to determine fat-to-cell ratio and overall cellularity, as well as for searching for malignant cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Core biopsy 
B)  Aspirate smears 
C)  Peripheral blood 
D)  Prussian blue stain 
A)  Core biopsy 
B)  Aspirate smears 
C)  Peripheral blood 
D)  Prussian blue stain

Exam 16: Bone Marrow Examination

The sites of active red marrow differ for adults and young children. Which one site is active in children but not in adults?

What type of preparation is preferred for bone marrow aspirates?

The best use for bone marrow aspirate smears is:

A bone marrow aspirate shows copious blue granules with the Prussian blue stain. Select the correct interpretation:

What stain is most commonly used for bone marrow aspirates?

Which of the following cell types tend to be found in molded clusters in the bone marrow?

Which of the following would be a valid indication for performing a bone marrow aspiration?

Osteoblasts can be easily confused with:

The myeloid-to-erythroid (M:E) ratio of a bone marrow is 1:1. Select the correct interpretation.

Low power (*10) is used to count and evaluate which of the following?

A cell is described as having an eccentric heavily stained (condensed chromatin) nucleus with blue cytoplasm. A pale perinuclear Golgi complex is noted next to the nucleus. What is this cell?

What is the most common site for bone marrow aspiration in an adult?

For which of the following is obtaining a bone marrow core biopsy mandatory?

Which of the following is least helpful in evaluating bone marrow findings?

What bone marrow sample is best to determine fat-to-cell ratio and overall cellularity, as well as for searching for malignant cells?

An Overview of Clinical Laboratory Hematology

Safety in the Hematology Laboratory

Specimen Collection

Care and Use of the Microscope

Quality Assurance in Hematology and Hemostasis Testing

Cellular Structure and Function

Hematopoiesis

Erythrocyte Production and Destruction

Energy Metabolism and Membrane Physiology of the Erythrocyte

Hemoglobin Metabolism

Iron Metabolism

Leukocyte Development, Kinetics, and Functions

Platelet Production, Structure, and Function

Routine and Point-Of-Care Testing in Hematology: Manual and Semiautomated Methods

Examination of the Peripheral Blood Film and Correlation With the Complete Blood Count

Body Fluids in the Hematology Laboratory

Anemias: Red Blood Cell Morphology and Approach to Diagnosis

Disorders of Iron and Heme Metabolism

Anemias Caused by Defects of Dna Metabolism

Bone Marrow Failure

Introduction to Increased Destruction of Erythrocytes

Intrinsic Defects Leading to Increased Erythrocyte Destruction

Extrinsic Defects Leading to Increased Erythrocytedestructionnonimmune Causes

Extrinsic Defects Leading to Increased Erythrocytedestructionimmune Causes

Hemoglobinopathies Structural Defects in Hemoglobin

Thalassemias

Nonmalignant Leukocyte Disorders

Introduction to Leukocyte Neoplasms

Cytochemistry

Cytogenetics

Molecular Diagnostics in the Clinical Laboratory

Flow Cytometric Analysis in Hematologic Disorders

Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Acute Leukemias

Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms

Pediatric and Geriatric Hematology

Automated Cell-Counting Instrumentation

Normal Hemostasis and Coagulation

Hemorrhagic Coagulation Disorders

Thrombosis Risk Testing

Thrombocytopenia and Thrombocytosis

Qualitative Disorders of Platelets and Vasculature

Laboratory Evaluation of Hemostasis

Monitoring Antithrombotic Therapies

Coagulation Instrumentation

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