Question 1

All of the following are often associated with thrombocytosis except:

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemorrhage 
B)  Alcoholic liver disease 
C)  Iron deficiency 
D)  Inflammation 
A)  Hemorrhage 
B)  Alcoholic liver disease 
C)  Iron deficiency 
D)  Inflammation B

Question 2

What is the most common infectious cause of congenital neonatal megakaryocytic hypoplasia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Epstein-Barr virus 
B)  Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 
C)  Cytomegalovirus 
D)  Rubella 
A)  Epstein-Barr virus 
B)  Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 
C)  Cytomegalovirus 
D)  Rubella C

Question 3

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with platelet factor 4 (PF4) coated to the surface of microplate wells is used for the diagnosis of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia 
B)  Acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura 
C)  Chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura 
D)  Aspirin resistance 
A)  Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia 
B)  Acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura 
C)  Chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura 
D)  Aspirin resistance A

Question 4

A patient in the intensive care unit has anemia, schistocytes, and thrombocytopenia. The PT and PTT are elevated, and the fibrinogen is low. What test to confirm what diagnosis would be appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)  D dimer to confirm acute DIC 
B)  Bone marrow to confirm immune thrombocytopenic purpura 
C)  Platelet antibody against P1A1 to confirm heparin-induced thrombocytopenia 
D)  Platelet aggregometry to confirm posttransfusion purpura 
A)  D dimer to confirm acute DIC 
B)  Bone marrow to confirm immune thrombocytopenic purpura 
C)  Platelet antibody against P1A1 to confirm heparin-induced thrombocytopenia 
D)  Platelet aggregometry to confirm posttransfusion purpura

Question 5

Which of the following patient groups is most commonly diagnosed with acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura?

Accepted Answer

A)  Older men after an infection 
B)  Infants born to women who had eclampsia 
C)  Children after having an infection 
D)  Adult patients with enlarged spleens 
A)  Older men after an infection 
B)  Infants born to women who had eclampsia 
C)  Children after having an infection 
D)  Adult patients with enlarged spleens

Question 6

What tests are best to distinguish thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura from DIC when a patient has schistocytes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Platelet count and morphology 
B)  Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy 
C)  Reticulocyte count and haptoglobin 
D)  PT and PTT 
A)  Platelet count and morphology 
B)  Bone marrow aspirate and biopsy 
C)  Reticulocyte count and haptoglobin 
D)  PT and PTT

Question 7

Which of the following results in ineffective thrombopoiesis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Immune thrombocytopenic purpura 
B)  Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura 
C)  Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DI
C)  
D)  Megaloblastic anemia 
A)  Immune thrombocytopenic purpura 
B)  Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura 
C)  Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DI
C)  
D)  Megaloblastic anemia

Question 8

A patient has a platelet count of 650* 109/L. The other hematology tests are normal. No evidence of hemostasis failure exists. Which of the following is most likely?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reactive thrombocytosis 
B)  Essential thrombocythemia 
C)  DIC 
D)  Polycythemia vera 
A)  Reactive thrombocytosis 
B)  Essential thrombocythemia 
C)  DIC 
D)  Polycythemia vera

Question 9

What is believed to be the cause for acute immune thrombocytopenia purpura in children?

Accepted Answer

A)  Development of a platelet-specific autoantibody 
B)  Development of a white cell autoantibody that cross-reacts with platelet membrane antigens 
C)  Development of an allogeneic antibody after transfusion of random allogeneic platelets 
D)  Nonspecific binding of immune complexes to the platelet membrane after a viral illness 
A)  Development of a platelet-specific autoantibody 
B)  Development of a white cell autoantibody that cross-reacts with platelet membrane antigens 
C)  Development of an allogeneic antibody after transfusion of random allogeneic platelets 
D)  Nonspecific binding of immune complexes to the platelet membrane after a viral illness

Question 10

Chemotherapy results in which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Acquired hypoplastic thrombocytopenia 
B)  Acquired immune thrombocytopenia 
C)  Acquired splenic sequestration 
D)  Inherited nonimmune thrombocythemia 
A)  Acquired hypoplastic thrombocytopenia 
B)  Acquired immune thrombocytopenia 
C)  Acquired splenic sequestration 
D)  Inherited nonimmune thrombocythemia

Question 11

A 23-year-old man is brought by helicopter to a major trauma center after a severe motorcycle accident. He has major abdominal trauma, including a ruptured spleen, and is taken to surgery, where his spleen is removed. Two weeks after surgery, his platelet count peaks at 950 *109/L. What is the most likely cause for this high platelet count?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reactive thrombocytosis secondary to trauma 
B)  Essential thrombocythemia 
C)  Postsplenectomy thrombocytosis 
D)  Reactive thrombocytosis secondary to acute blood loss 
A)  Reactive thrombocytosis secondary to trauma 
B)  Essential thrombocythemia 
C)  Postsplenectomy thrombocytosis 
D)  Reactive thrombocytosis secondary to acute blood loss

Question 12

A 35-year-old woman with neurologic symptoms presents with a markedly decreased platelet count. She has moderate anemia with many red cell fragments on the blood film, as well as polychromasia and nucleated red blood cells (RBCs). The prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (PTT) are both normal. Which of the following is most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Immune thrombocytopenic purpura 
B)  Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura 
C)  Hemolytic uremic syndrome 
D)  DIC 
A)  Immune thrombocytopenic purpura 
B)  Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura 
C)  Hemolytic uremic syndrome 
D)  DIC

Question 13

What is the single most common cause of clinically important bleeding?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemophilia 
B)  Fibrinogen deficiency 
C)  Thrombocytopenia 
D)  Qualitative platelet disorders 
A)  Hemophilia 
B)  Fibrinogen deficiency 
C)  Thrombocytopenia 
D)  Qualitative platelet disorders

Question 14

The terms petechiae, purpura, and ecchymoses all describe:

Accepted Answer

A)  Varying degrees of thrombocytopenia 
B)  Varying degrees of thrombocythemia 
C)  Varying qualitative platelet disorders 
D)  Varying size hemorrhages into the skin because of small-vessel bleeding 
A)  Varying degrees of thrombocytopenia 
B)  Varying degrees of thrombocythemia 
C)  Varying qualitative platelet disorders 
D)  Varying size hemorrhages into the skin because of small-vessel bleeding

Question 15

What is the most serious clinical consequence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hemorrhage 
B)  Thrombosis 
C)  Factor XII activation 
D)  Resistance to aspirin therapy 
A)  Hemorrhage 
B)  Thrombosis 
C)  Factor XII activation 
D)  Resistance to aspirin therapy

Question 16

A 4-year-old child becomes very sick after eating undercooked ground beef. Kidney function tests are very elevated. Thrombocytopenia is mild, and a few schistocytes are noted on the blood film. Which of the following is most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Immune thrombocytopenic purpura 
B)  Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura 
C)  Hemolytic uremic syndrome 
D)  DIC 
A)  Immune thrombocytopenic purpura 
B)  Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura 
C)  Hemolytic uremic syndrome 
D)  DIC

Question 17

What are the primary clinical manifestations of essential thrombocythemia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Platelet dysfunction 
B)  Hemorrhage 
C)  Thrombosis 
D)  All of the above 
A)  Platelet dysfunction 
B)  Hemorrhage 
C)  Thrombosis 
D)  All of the above

Question 18

Which of the following is a commonly used drug that can cause thrombocytopenia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Warfarin 
B)  Aspirin 
C)  Ibuprofen 
D)  Heparin 
A)  Warfarin 
B)  Aspirin 
C)  Ibuprofen 
D)  Heparin

Question 19

Which of the following is an example of a quantitative platelet disorder related to distribution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Thrombotic cytopenic purpura 
B)  Essential thrombocythemia 
C)  Splenomegaly 
D)  Hemolytic uremic syndrome 
A)  Thrombotic cytopenic purpura 
B)  Essential thrombocythemia 
C)  Splenomegaly 
D)  Hemolytic uremic syndrome

Question 20

What is the correct term to describe a platelet count of 550 *109/L when all other complete blood count (CBC) results are basically normal?

Accepted Answer

A)  Normal 
B)  Thrombocytosis 
C)  Thrombocytopenia 
D)  Essential thrombocythemia 
A)  Normal 
B)  Thrombocytosis 
C)  Thrombocytopenia 
D)  Essential thrombocythemia

Exam 43: Thrombocytopenia and Thrombocytosis

All of the following are often associated with thrombocytosis except:

What is the most common infectious cause of congenital neonatal megakaryocytic hypoplasia?

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with platelet factor 4 (PF4) coated to the surface of microplate wells is used for the diagnosis of:

A patient in the intensive care unit has anemia, schistocytes, and thrombocytopenia. The PT and PTT are elevated, and the fibrinogen is low. What test to confirm what diagnosis would be appropriate?

Which of the following patient groups is most commonly diagnosed with acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura?

What tests are best to distinguish thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura from DIC when a patient has schistocytes?

Which of the following results in ineffective thrombopoiesis?

A patient has a platelet count of 650* 109/L. The other hematology tests are normal. No evidence of hemostasis failure exists. Which of the following is most likely?

What is believed to be the cause for acute immune thrombocytopenia purpura in children?

Chemotherapy results in which of the following?

What is the single most common cause of clinically important bleeding?

The terms petechiae, purpura, and ecchymoses all describe:

What is the most serious clinical consequence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia?

A 4-year-old child becomes very sick after eating undercooked ground beef. Kidney function tests are very elevated. Thrombocytopenia is mild, and a few schistocytes are noted on the blood film. Which of the following is most likely diagnosis?

What are the primary clinical manifestations of essential thrombocythemia?

Which of the following is a commonly used drug that can cause thrombocytopenia?

Which of the following is an example of a quantitative platelet disorder related to distribution?

What is the correct term to describe a platelet count of 550 *109/L when all other complete blood count (CBC) results are basically normal?

An Overview of Clinical Laboratory Hematology

Safety in the Hematology Laboratory

Specimen Collection

Care and Use of the Microscope

Quality Assurance in Hematology and Hemostasis Testing

Cellular Structure and Function

Hematopoiesis

Erythrocyte Production and Destruction

Energy Metabolism and Membrane Physiology of the Erythrocyte

Hemoglobin Metabolism

Iron Metabolism

Leukocyte Development, Kinetics, and Functions

Platelet Production, Structure, and Function

Routine and Point-Of-Care Testing in Hematology: Manual and Semiautomated Methods

Examination of the Peripheral Blood Film and Correlation With the Complete Blood Count

Bone Marrow Examination

Body Fluids in the Hematology Laboratory

Anemias: Red Blood Cell Morphology and Approach to Diagnosis

Disorders of Iron and Heme Metabolism

Anemias Caused by Defects of Dna Metabolism

Bone Marrow Failure

Introduction to Increased Destruction of Erythrocytes

Intrinsic Defects Leading to Increased Erythrocyte Destruction

Extrinsic Defects Leading to Increased Erythrocytedestructionnonimmune Causes

Extrinsic Defects Leading to Increased Erythrocytedestructionimmune Causes

Hemoglobinopathies Structural Defects in Hemoglobin

Thalassemias

Nonmalignant Leukocyte Disorders

Introduction to Leukocyte Neoplasms

Cytochemistry

Cytogenetics

Molecular Diagnostics in the Clinical Laboratory

Flow Cytometric Analysis in Hematologic Disorders

Myeloproliferative Neoplasms

Myelodysplastic Syndromes

Acute Leukemias

Mature Lymphoid Neoplasms

Pediatric and Geriatric Hematology

Automated Cell-Counting Instrumentation

Normal Hemostasis and Coagulation

Hemorrhagic Coagulation Disorders

Thrombosis Risk Testing

Qualitative Disorders of Platelets and Vasculature

Laboratory Evaluation of Hemostasis

Monitoring Antithrombotic Therapies

Coagulation Instrumentation

Filters

A patient has a platelet count of 650* 10⁹/L. The other hematology tests are normal. No evidence of hemostasis failure exists. Which of the following is most likely?

What is the correct term to describe a platelet count of 550 *10⁹/L when all other complete blood count (CBC) results are basically normal?