Question 1

Which of the following reactions is catalyzed by adenylate cyclase?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP $\rarr$ cAMP + PPi 
B) cAMP $\rarr$ AMP 
C) ATP $\rarr$ cATP 
D) ADP $\rarr$ cAMP + Pi 
E) AMP $\rarr$ cAMP 
A) ATP $\rarr$ cAMP + PPi 
B) cAMP $\rarr$ AMP 
C) ATP $\rarr$ cATP 
D) ADP $\rarr$ cAMP + Pi 
E) AMP $\rarr$ cAMP A

Question 2

The common products of fuel metabolism in mammals are

Accepted Answer

A) oxaloacetate and acetyl- CoA. 
B) pyruvate and acetyl-CoA. 
C) ATP and acetyl-CoA. 
D) pyruvate and glucose. 
E) none of the above 
A) oxaloacetate and acetyl- CoA. 
B) pyruvate and acetyl-CoA. 
C) ATP and acetyl-CoA. 
D) pyruvate and glucose. 
E) none of the above B

Question 3

Metabolism in the muscle is controlled hormonally by

Accepted Answer

A) glucagon 
B) insulin 
C) epinephrine 
D) B and C 
E) A, B, C 
A) glucagon 
B) insulin 
C) epinephrine 
D) B and C 
E) A, B, C E

Question 4

A balanced meal containing fatty acids, carbohydrates, and protein is digested.Which of the following is TRUE?
I.Carbohydrates are absorbed by the stomach and delivered to the liver.
II.Fatty acids are absorbed by the intestinal mucosa and circulated through the lymph.
III.Proteins are digested into monomer amino acids and absorbed by the intestinal mucosa after which the majority is delivered to the liver.

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, III 
B) I, II 
C) II, III 
D) I, III 
E) III only 
A) I, II, III 
B) I, II 
C) II, III 
D) I, III 
E) III only

Question 5

Adipose tissue

Accepted Answer

A) secretes hormones that regulate metabolism. 
B) synthesizes both glucose and triacylglycerols. 
C) contains enough stored energy to survive about one month. 
D) A and B 
E) A and C 
A) secretes hormones that regulate metabolism. 
B) synthesizes both glucose and triacylglycerols. 
C) contains enough stored energy to survive about one month. 
D) A and B 
E) A and C

Question 6

Insulin-dependent (type 1)diabetes

Accepted Answer

A) is associated with a deficiency of pancreatic β-cells. 
B) is associated with a deficiency of insulin receptors. 
C) is associated with a deficiency of signal transduction 
D) can be treated with injections of leptin. 
E) can be treated with injections of ghrelin. 
A) is associated with a deficiency of pancreatic β-cells. 
B) is associated with a deficiency of insulin receptors. 
C) is associated with a deficiency of signal transduction 
D) can be treated with injections of leptin. 
E) can be treated with injections of ghrelin.

Question 7

The majority of glucose in the brain

Accepted Answer

A) is used to store adequate glycogen for extended periods of starvation. 
B) is used to produce ATP for membrane Na+-K+ ATPase required for nerve impulse transmission. 
C) is synthesized from fatty acids due to the need for high ATP levels. 
D) is synthesized in the adipose tissue and transported to the brain. 
E) is synthesized from ketone bodies under conditions of prolonged fasting. 
A) is used to store adequate glycogen for extended periods of starvation. 
B) is used to produce ATP for membrane Na+-K+ ATPase required for nerve impulse transmission. 
C) is synthesized from fatty acids due to the need for high ATP levels. 
D) is synthesized in the adipose tissue and transported to the brain. 
E) is synthesized from ketone bodies under conditions of prolonged fasting.

Question 8

Glucokinase is regulated by _______ and _____.

Accepted Answer

A) glucokinase regulatory protein, fructose-6-phosphate 
B) fructose-6-phosphate, glucose 
C) glucose-6-phosphate; glucose 
D) ATP; glucose-6-phosphate 
E) all of the above 
A) glucokinase regulatory protein, fructose-6-phosphate 
B) fructose-6-phosphate, glucose 
C) glucose-6-phosphate; glucose 
D) ATP; glucose-6-phosphate 
E) all of the above

Question 9

Matching 
Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used.
-During starvation the _____ generate as much as 50% of the body's glucose supply.

Accepted Answer

A) α-adrenergic  receptor 
B) β-adrenergic  receptor 
C) Cori cycle 
D) urea cycle 
E) leptin
F)phosphatase
G)liver
H)hormones
I)acetyl CoA
J)ketone bodies
K)urea
L)kidney
M)brain
N)pancreas 
A) α-adrenergic  receptor 
B) β-adrenergic  receptor 
C) Cori cycle 
D) urea cycle 
E) leptin
F)phosphatase
G)liver
H)hormones
I)acetyl CoA
J)ketone bodies
K)urea
L)kidney
M)brain
N)pancreas

Question 10

Based on the information given in the chapter complete the following statement about the graph shown below: The curve labeled ___ corresponds to activity of glucokinase under conditions with no inhibition.The binding of ____ to the regulating protein would result in kinetic behavior represented by curve ____.

Accepted Answer

A) B; F6P; A 
B) A; glucose; B 
C) B; F6P; C 
D) C; F6P; B 
E) B; glucose; C 
A) B; F6P; A 
B) A; glucose; B 
C) B; F6P; C 
D) C; F6P; B 
E) B; glucose; C

Question 11

The glucose transporter in muscle cells is

Accepted Answer

A) insulin. 
B) glucagon. 
C) GLUT2. 
D) GLUT4. 
E) none of the above 
A) insulin. 
B) glucagon. 
C) GLUT2. 
D) GLUT4. 
E) none of the above

Question 12

Metformin and thiazolidinediones (TZDs)are used to treat ____ and produce a(an)______ in AMPK activity.

Accepted Answer

A) type 2 diabetes; decrease 
B) type 2 diabetes; increase 
C) type 1 diabetes; decrease 
D) type 1 diabetes; increase 
E) both type 1 and type 2 diabetes; decrease 
A) type 2 diabetes; decrease 
B) type 2 diabetes; increase 
C) type 1 diabetes; decrease 
D) type 1 diabetes; increase 
E) both type 1 and type 2 diabetes; decrease

Question 13

Which of the following is part of the regulation of metabolism?

Accepted Answer

A) receptor tyrosine kinase 
B) adenylate cyclase 
C) phosphoinositide pathway 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above 
A) receptor tyrosine kinase 
B) adenylate cyclase 
C) phosphoinositide pathway 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above

Question 14

Which of the following metabolizes ketone bodies?
I.brain
II.liver
III.muscle
IV.adipose tissue

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, III, IV 
B) I, II, III 
C) I, III 
D) II only 
E) III only 
A) I, II, III, IV 
B) I, II, III 
C) I, III 
D) II only 
E) III only

Question 15

Matching 
Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used.
-Mice lacking the protein ______ are genetically obese.

Accepted Answer

A) α-adrenergic  receptor 
B) β-adrenergic  receptor 
C) Cori cycle 
D) urea cycle 
E) leptin
F)phosphatase
G)liver
H)hormones
I)acetyl CoA
J)ketone bodies
K)urea
L)kidney
M)brain
N)pancreas 
A) α-adrenergic  receptor 
B) β-adrenergic  receptor 
C) Cori cycle 
D) urea cycle 
E) leptin
F)phosphatase
G)liver
H)hormones
I)acetyl CoA
J)ketone bodies
K)urea
L)kidney
M)brain
N)pancreas

Question 16

During prolonged starvation the majority of the stored caloric energy comes from fat stores.Which of the following provides the second largest caloric energy total?

Accepted Answer

A) muscle glycogen 
B) liver glycogen 
C) blood glucose 
D) muscle protein 
E) All are approximately equal. 
A) muscle glycogen 
B) liver glycogen 
C) blood glucose 
D) muscle protein 
E) All are approximately equal.

Question 17

Which of the following proteins stimulates the appetite?

Accepted Answer

A) leptin 
B) ghrelin 
C) adiponectin 
D) insulin 
E) ( PYYS1U1B13-36S1U1B0) 
A) leptin 
B) ghrelin 
C) adiponectin 
D) insulin 
E) ( PYYS1U1B13-36S1U1B0)

Question 18

The muscle and liver

Accepted Answer

A) both increase glucose uptake in response to insulin. 
B) both increase glycogenolysis in response to glucagon. 
C) both increase glycogenolysis in response to insulin. 
D) both decrease gluconeogenesis in response to insulin. 
E) none of the above 
A) both increase glucose uptake in response to insulin. 
B) both increase glycogenolysis in response to glucagon. 
C) both increase glycogenolysis in response to insulin. 
D) both decrease gluconeogenesis in response to insulin. 
E) none of the above

Question 19

Glucose uptake

Accepted Answer

A) in the liver is mediated by GLUT4. 
B) in the muscle is increased in response to insulin due to increased expression of GLUT4. 
C) in the brain is adjusted relative to the concentration of glucose. 
D) A and B 
E) A, B, C 
A) in the liver is mediated by GLUT4. 
B) in the muscle is increased in response to insulin due to increased expression of GLUT4. 
C) in the brain is adjusted relative to the concentration of glucose. 
D) A and B 
E) A, B, C

Question 20

Matching 
Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used.
-______ and other waste products from the blood are excreted by the kidney.

Accepted Answer

A) α-adrenergic  receptor 
B) β-adrenergic  receptor 
C) Cori cycle 
D) urea cycle 
E) leptin
F)phosphatase
G)liver
H)hormones
I)acetyl CoA
J)ketone bodies
K)urea
L)kidney
M)brain
N)pancreas 
A) α-adrenergic  receptor 
B) β-adrenergic  receptor 
C) Cori cycle 
D) urea cycle 
E) leptin
F)phosphatase
G)liver
H)hormones
I)acetyl CoA
J)ketone bodies
K)urea
L)kidney
M)brain
N)pancreas

Exam 22: Mammalian Fuel Metabolism: Integration and Regulation

Which of the following reactions is catalyzed by adenylate cyclase?

The common products of fuel metabolism in mammals are

Metabolism in the muscle is controlled hormonally by

Adipose tissue

Insulin-dependent (type 1)diabetes

The majority of glucose in the brain

Glucokinase is regulated by _______ and _____.

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used. -During starvation the _____ generate as much as 50% of the body's glucose supply.

The glucose transporter in muscle cells is

Metformin and thiazolidinediones (TZDs)are used to treat ____ and produce a(an)______ in AMPK activity.

Which of the following is part of the regulation of metabolism?

Which of the following metabolizes ketone bodies? I.brain II.liver III.muscle IV.adipose tissue

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used. -Mice lacking the protein ______ are genetically obese.

During prolonged starvation the majority of the stored caloric energy comes from fat stores.Which of the following provides the second largest caloric energy total?

Which of the following proteins stimulates the appetite?

The muscle and liver

Glucose uptake

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used. -______ and other waste products from the blood are excreted by the kidney.

Introduction to the Chemistry of Life

Water

Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Genetic Information

Amino Acids

Proteins: Primary Structure

Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure

Protein Function Part I: Myoglobin and Hemoglobin

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Biological Membranes

Membrane Transport

Enzyme Catalysis

Enzyme Kinetics, Inhibition and Control

Biochemical Signaling

Introduction to Metabolism

Glycogen Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis

Glucose Catabolism

Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Nucleotide Metabolism

Nucleic Acid Structure

Dna Replication, Repair and Recombination

Transcription and Rna Processing

Translation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

Glucokinase is regulated by ___ and _.

Metformin and thiazolidinediones (TZDs)are used to treat and produce a(an)__ in AMPK activity.