Question 1

Matching 
Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used.
-Complementary DNA and RNA strands can be ______.

Accepted Answer

A) type I 
B) ribocatalyzers 
C) C2'-endo 
D) repressors 
E) ethidium
F)type II
G)C3'-endo
H)hybridized
I)interchanged
J)supercoiled
K)cooperative
L)non-cooperative
M)underwound
N)ribozymes
O)deuterium
P)zinc finger
Q)leucine zipper 
A) type I 
B) ribocatalyzers 
C) C2'-endo 
D) repressors 
E) ethidium
F)type II
G)C3'-endo
H)hybridized
I)interchanged
J)supercoiled
K)cooperative
L)non-cooperative
M)underwound
N)ribozymes
O)deuterium
P)zinc finger
Q)leucine zipper H

Question 2

Based on the information in this chapter, which of the following sequences would likely bind a repressor if double stranded?

Accepted Answer

A) 5' TGAGCA3' 
B) 5' TGATCA3' 
C) 5' TACGTCA3' 
D) All of the above would bind the repressor with equal efficiency 
E) None of the above would bind would the repressor. 
A) 5' TGAGCA3' 
B) 5' TGATCA3' 
C) 5' TACGTCA3' 
D) All of the above would bind the repressor with equal efficiency 
E) None of the above would bind would the repressor. B

Question 3

E.coli topoisomerase III
I.contains a hole capable of holding duplex DNA that is lined with negatively charged residues.
II.binds the sugar-phosphate backbone such that base recognition is possible.
III.functions by nucleophilic attack on the binding phosphate group.

Accepted Answer

A) I, II 
B) II, III 
C) I, III 
D) I only 
E) II only 
A) I, II 
B) II, III 
C) I, III 
D) I only 
E) II only B

Question 4

Two circular DNAs are isolated, both with 1000 bp, are electrophoresed side-by-side: #1: twist (T)= +100, writhing number (W)= −5
#2: twist (T)= +1000, writhing number (W)= +5

Accepted Answer

A) DNA #1 should migrate further. 
B) DNA #2 should migrate further. 
C) They should migrate the same distance. 
D) More information is required to determine. 
E) This cannot be determined regardless of additional information. 
A) DNA #1 should migrate further. 
B) DNA #2 should migrate further. 
C) They should migrate the same distance. 
D) More information is required to determine. 
E) This cannot be determined regardless of additional information.

Question 5

What evidence suggests that a biological function exists for Z-DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) Z-DNA is unique because it is made up of alternating pyrimidine and purine residues in the anti and syn conformation. 
B) The left-handed nature of Z-DNA allows phosphate separation which is stabilizing.. 
C) X-ray structure of the protein ZF1F1F1S1F1F1F10 binding Z-DNA has been identified. 
D) A and B 
E) A, B, and C 
A) Z-DNA is unique because it is made up of alternating pyrimidine and purine residues in the anti and syn conformation. 
B) The left-handed nature of Z-DNA allows phosphate separation which is stabilizing.. 
C) X-ray structure of the protein ZF1F1F1S1F1F1F10 binding Z-DNA has been identified. 
D) A and B 
E) A, B, and C

Question 6

Matching 
Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used.
-In prokaryotes, many of the _____ that bind to DNA contain a HTH motif.

Accepted Answer

A) type I 
B) ribocatalyzers 
C) C2'-endo 
D) repressors 
E) ethidium
F)type II
G)C3'-endo
H)hybridized
I)interchanged
J)supercoiled
K)cooperative
L)non-cooperative
M)underwound
N)ribozymes
O)deuterium
P)zinc finger
Q)leucine zipper 
A) type I 
B) ribocatalyzers 
C) C2'-endo 
D) repressors 
E) ethidium
F)type II
G)C3'-endo
H)hybridized
I)interchanged
J)supercoiled
K)cooperative
L)non-cooperative
M)underwound
N)ribozymes
O)deuterium
P)zinc finger
Q)leucine zipper

Question 7

An effective antibiotic is ___, which inhibits ______.

Accepted Answer

A) ciprofloxacin, DNA gyrase 
B) doxorubicin, Type IA topoisomerase 
C) novobiocin, ATPase 
D) camptothecin, Type II topoisomerase 
E) none of the above 
A) ciprofloxacin, DNA gyrase 
B) doxorubicin, Type IA topoisomerase 
C) novobiocin, ATPase 
D) camptothecin, Type II topoisomerase 
E) none of the above

Question 8

Matching 
Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used.
-RNA catalysts are called ______.

Accepted Answer

A) type I 
B) ribocatalyzers 
C) C2'-endo 
D) repressors 
E) ethidium
F)type II
G)C3'-endo
H)hybridized
I)interchanged
J)supercoiled
K)cooperative
L)non-cooperative
M)underwound
N)ribozymes
O)deuterium
P)zinc finger
Q)leucine zipper 
A) type I 
B) ribocatalyzers 
C) C2'-endo 
D) repressors 
E) ethidium
F)type II
G)C3'-endo
H)hybridized
I)interchanged
J)supercoiled
K)cooperative
L)non-cooperative
M)underwound
N)ribozymes
O)deuterium
P)zinc finger
Q)leucine zipper

Question 9

Which of the following prokaryotic enzymes can introduce negative supercoils?

Accepted Answer

A) topoismerase IA 
B) topoismerase III 
C) DNA gyrase 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above 
A) topoismerase IA 
B) topoismerase III 
C) DNA gyrase 
D) all of the above 
E) none of the above

Question 10

Which atoms, or groups attached to them, face into the minor groove of B-DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) purine 1 & 2; pyrimidine 2 & 3 
B) purine 2 & 3; pyrimidine 2 
C) purine 8 & 9; pyrimidine 1 & 6 
D) purine 6 & 7; pyrimidine 4 & 5 
E) purine 6 & 7; pyrimidine 2 
A) purine 1 & 2; pyrimidine 2 & 3 
B) purine 2 & 3; pyrimidine 2 
C) purine 8 & 9; pyrimidine 1 & 6 
D) purine 6 & 7; pyrimidine 4 & 5 
E) purine 6 & 7; pyrimidine 2

Question 11

Western blots, or ____, identify ______ using ______.

Accepted Answer

A) Northern blots; RNA; antibodies 
B) immunoblots; proteins; antibodies 
C) Southern blots; proteins; radioactivity 
D) immunoblots; DNA; antibodies 
E) Northern blots; DNA; antibodies 
A) Northern blots; RNA; antibodies 
B) immunoblots; proteins; antibodies 
C) Southern blots; proteins; radioactivity 
D) immunoblots; DNA; antibodies 
E) Northern blots; DNA; antibodies

Question 12

Southern blots identify _____, Northern blots identify ____, and Western blots identify ______.

Accepted Answer

A) DNA, proteins, RNA 
B) DNA, RNA, proteins 
C) RNA, proteins, DNA 
D) RNA, DNA, proteins 
E) proteins, DNA, RNA 
A) DNA, proteins, RNA 
B) DNA, RNA, proteins 
C) RNA, proteins, DNA 
D) RNA, DNA, proteins 
E) proteins, DNA, RNA

Question 13

Which of the following scientists is now accredited with generating the X-ray diffraction photograph that played a pivotal role in the discovery of the structure of B-DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) James Watson 
B) Francis Crick 
C) Maurice Wilkins 
D) Rosalind Franklin 
E) all of the above 
A) James Watson 
B) Francis Crick 
C) Maurice Wilkins 
D) Rosalind Franklin 
E) all of the above

Question 14

The chromosomes of some viruses and bacteria are ______ and often ______.

Accepted Answer

A) linear; single stranded 
B) linear; supercoiled 
C) circular; single stranded 
D) circular; supercoiled 
E) none of the above 
A) linear; single stranded 
B) linear; supercoiled 
C) circular; single stranded 
D) circular; supercoiled 
E) none of the above

Question 15

Which of the following best describes the structure of RNA-DNA hybrids?
I.They are most similar to A-DNA.
II.They are most similar to B-DNA.
III.They are most similar to Z-DNA.
IV.They are most similar to RNA.

Accepted Answer

A) I only 
B) II only 
C) I, II 
D) III only 
E) IV only 
A) I only 
B) II only 
C) I, II 
D) III only 
E) IV only

Question 16

If a circular DNA containing no supercoils is incubated with ethidium bromide

Accepted Answer

A) the number of twists will increase, positive supercoils will develop, and the linking number will remain the same. 
B) the number of twists will decrease, positive supercoils will develop, and the linking number will remain the same. 
C) the number of twists will increase, negative supercoils will develop, and the linking number will remain the same. 
D) the number of twists will decrease, negative supercoils will develop, and the linking number will remain the same. 
E) the linking number will be altered, and both the writhing number and twist will adjust accordingly. 
A) the number of twists will increase, positive supercoils will develop, and the linking number will remain the same. 
B) the number of twists will decrease, positive supercoils will develop, and the linking number will remain the same. 
C) the number of twists will increase, negative supercoils will develop, and the linking number will remain the same. 
D) the number of twists will decrease, negative supercoils will develop, and the linking number will remain the same. 
E) the linking number will be altered, and both the writhing number and twist will adjust accordingly.

Question 17

Which of the following would NOT result in the relaxation of supercoiled DNA?

Accepted Answer

A) heating the DNA to induce denaturation 
B) nicking one strand 
C) treatment with pancreatic DNaseI 
D) treatment with type II topoisomerase 
E) treatment with type I topoisomerase 
A) heating the DNA to induce denaturation 
B) nicking one strand 
C) treatment with pancreatic DNaseI 
D) treatment with type II topoisomerase 
E) treatment with type I topoisomerase

Question 18

Nucleosomes
I.reduce the contour length of DNA 7-fold.
II.are bound together by linker histones.
III.come together to form a zigzag double helix.
IV.contain a histone octamer.

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, III, IV 
B) II, III 
C) III, IV 
D) I, IV 
E) II, IV 
A) I, II, III, IV 
B) II, III 
C) III, IV 
D) I, IV 
E) II, IV

Question 19

tRNA molecules are
I.extensively base-paired.
II.stabilized by hydrogen bonds.
III.stabilized by stacking interactions.
IV.stabilized by covalent cross links.

Accepted Answer

A) I, II 
B) II, III 
C) I, II, III 
D) I, III 
E) I, II, IV 
A) I, II 
B) II, III 
C) I, II, III 
D) I, III 
E) I, II, IV

Question 20

Which of the following best describes the structure of a nucleosome?

Accepted Answer

A) approximately 150 bp of DNA wrapped around a set of two H2A/H2B and two H3/H4 dimers with H1 on the outside 
B) approximately 15 bp of DNA wrapped around an octamer of H1 with H2A,B, H3 and H4 on the outside 
C) approximately 150 bp of DNA wrapped around a tetramer of either H2A/H2B or H3/H4 with H1 on the outside 
D) approximately 1500 bp of DNA wrapped around a tetramer of either H2A/H2B or H3/H4 with H1 on the outside 
E) approximately 200 bp of DNA wrapped around a tetramer of H2A,H2B,H3, and H4 with H1 on the outside 
A) approximately 150 bp of DNA wrapped around a set of two H2A/H2B and two H3/H4 dimers with H1 on the outside 
B) approximately 15 bp of DNA wrapped around an octamer of H1 with H2A,B, H3 and H4 on the outside 
C) approximately 150 bp of DNA wrapped around a tetramer of either H2A/H2B or H3/H4 with H1 on the outside 
D) approximately 1500 bp of DNA wrapped around a tetramer of either H2A/H2B or H3/H4 with H1 on the outside 
E) approximately 200 bp of DNA wrapped around a tetramer of H2A,H2B,H3, and H4 with H1 on the outside

Exam 24: Nucleic Acid Structure

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used. -Complementary DNA and RNA strands can be ______.

Based on the information in this chapter, which of the following sequences would likely bind a repressor if double stranded?

E.coli topoisomerase III I.contains a hole capable of holding duplex DNA that is lined with negatively charged residues. II.binds the sugar-phosphate backbone such that base recognition is possible. III.functions by nucleophilic attack on the binding phosphate group.

Two circular DNAs are isolated, both with 1000 bp, are electrophoresed side-by-side: #1: twist (T)= +100, writhing number (W)= −5 #2: twist (T)= +1000, writhing number (W)= +5

What evidence suggests that a biological function exists for Z-DNA?

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used. -In prokaryotes, many of the _____ that bind to DNA contain a HTH motif.

An effective antibiotic is ___, which inhibits ______.

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used. -RNA catalysts are called ______.

Which of the following prokaryotic enzymes can introduce negative supercoils?

Which atoms, or groups attached to them, face into the minor groove of B-DNA?

Western blots, or ____, identify ______ using ______.

Southern blots identify _____, Northern blots identify ____, and Western blots identify ______.

Which of the following scientists is now accredited with generating the X-ray diffraction photograph that played a pivotal role in the discovery of the structure of B-DNA?

The chromosomes of some viruses and bacteria are ______ and often ______.

Which of the following best describes the structure of RNA-DNA hybrids? I.They are most similar to A-DNA. II.They are most similar to B-DNA. III.They are most similar to Z-DNA. IV.They are most similar to RNA.

If a circular DNA containing no supercoils is incubated with ethidium bromide

Which of the following would NOT result in the relaxation of supercoiled DNA?

Nucleosomes I.reduce the contour length of DNA 7-fold. II.are bound together by linker histones. III.come together to form a zigzag double helix. IV.contain a histone octamer.

tRNA molecules are I.extensively base-paired. II.stabilized by hydrogen bonds. III.stabilized by stacking interactions. IV.stabilized by covalent cross links.

Which of the following best describes the structure of a nucleosome?

Introduction to the Chemistry of Life

Water

Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Genetic Information

Amino Acids

Proteins: Primary Structure

Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure

Protein Function Part I: Myoglobin and Hemoglobin

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Biological Membranes

Membrane Transport

Enzyme Catalysis

Enzyme Kinetics, Inhibition and Control

Biochemical Signaling

Introduction to Metabolism

Glycogen Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis

Glucose Catabolism

Citric Acid Cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Mammalian Fuel Metabolism: Integration and Regulation

Nucleotide Metabolism

Dna Replication, Repair and Recombination

Transcription and Rna Processing

Translation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

An effective antibiotic is _, which inhibits ____.

Western blots, or , identify using ____.

Southern blots identify _, Northern blots identify , and Western blots identify __.

The chromosomes of some viruses and bacteria are and often .