Question 1

Phosphate (Pi)is transported into the mitochondria from the cytosol by a phosphate carrier which is driven by the

Accepted Answer

A) hydrolysis of ATP. 
B) simultaneous transport of H+ into the mitochondrion. 
C) simultaneous transport of ADP into the mitochondrion. 
D) simultaneous transport of H+ out of the mitochondrion. 
E) simultaneous transport of ATP out of the mitochondrion. 
A) hydrolysis of ATP. 
B) simultaneous transport of H+ into the mitochondrion. 
C) simultaneous transport of ADP into the mitochondrion. 
D) simultaneous transport of H+ out of the mitochondrion. 
E) simultaneous transport of ATP out of the mitochondrion.

Question 2

___ the gradient with the synthesis of ATP via oxidative phosphorylation.
I.The Fo portion of ATP synthase
II.Thermogenin uncouples
III.2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP)dissipates
IV.An ionophore capable of transporting potassium ions across the membrane

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, III, IV 
B) II, III, IV 
C) II, III 
D) II only 
E) I, IV 
A) I, II, III, IV 
B) II, III, IV 
C) II, III 
D) II only 
E) I, IV

Question 3

A poison that prevents the transfer of electrons from the last [Fe-S] cluster of Complex I to coenzyme Q is added to a suspension of actively respiring mitochondria.Which of the following will be observed?

Accepted Answer

A) ATP production would be impaired due to the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation from electron transport. 
B) ATP production would be reduced due to inhibition of the CoQ subunit of ATP synthase. 
C) ATP production would be reduced due to a decrease in the number of protons pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix. 
D) ATP production would be halted completely due to the block in electron transport through the electron transport chain. 
E) ATP production would be maintained at the normal rate due to functional overlap between Complex I and Complex II. 
A) ATP production would be impaired due to the uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation from electron transport. 
B) ATP production would be reduced due to inhibition of the CoQ subunit of ATP synthase. 
C) ATP production would be reduced due to a decrease in the number of protons pumped out of the mitochondrial matrix. 
D) ATP production would be halted completely due to the block in electron transport through the electron transport chain. 
E) ATP production would be maintained at the normal rate due to functional overlap between Complex I and Complex II.

Question 4

All of the following inhibit electron transport EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) oxaloacetate 
B) rotenone 
C) anitimycin A 
D) cyanide 
E) All of the above inhibit electron transport, 
A) oxaloacetate 
B) rotenone 
C) anitimycin A 
D) cyanide 
E) All of the above inhibit electron transport,

Question 5

In the electron transport chain, FMN can adopt ____ oxidation state(s)and is capable of accepting or donating ____ electron(s).

Accepted Answer

A) 2; 2 
B) 2; 1 or 2 
C) 3; 2 
D) 3; 1 or 2 
E) 3; 1 
A) 2; 2 
B) 2; 1 or 2 
C) 3; 2 
D) 3; 1 or 2 
E) 3; 1

Question 6

Cyclonite is a poison that blocks electron transfer between cytochromes bL and bH.When this poison is added to a suspension of isolated mitochondria, and when spectroscopic analysis is performed,

Accepted Answer

A) the coenzyme Q pool will be found in the reduced state, and cytochrome c will be found in the oxidized state. 
B) the coenzyme Q pool will be found in the oxidized state, and cytochrome c will be found in the reduced state. 
C) the coenzyme Q pool will be found in both oxidized & reduced states, and cytochrome c will be found in only one state. 
D) the coenzyme Q pool will be found in only one state, and cytochrome c will be found in both oxidized & reduced states. 
E) both the coenzyme Q pool and cytochrome c will be found in both oxidized & reduced states. 
A) the coenzyme Q pool will be found in the reduced state, and cytochrome c will be found in the oxidized state. 
B) the coenzyme Q pool will be found in the oxidized state, and cytochrome c will be found in the reduced state. 
C) the coenzyme Q pool will be found in both oxidized & reduced states, and cytochrome c will be found in only one state. 
D) the coenzyme Q pool will be found in only one state, and cytochrome c will be found in both oxidized & reduced states. 
E) both the coenzyme Q pool and cytochrome c will be found in both oxidized & reduced states.

Question 7

What is the net result of the successive reactions catalyzed by superoxide dismutase and catalase?

Accepted Answer

A) conversion of the free radical O2. to H2O2, which is converted to water and O2 
B) conversion of the free radical O2.  to H2O2, which is converted to water and GSSG and water 
C) conversion of the free radical O2.  to peroxide, which is converted to CO2 and water 
D) conversion of the free radical O2.  to carbon dioxide and water 
E) none of the above 
A) conversion of the free radical O2. to H2O2, which is converted to water and O2 
B) conversion of the free radical O2.  to H2O2, which is converted to water and GSSG and water 
C) conversion of the free radical O2.  to peroxide, which is converted to CO2 and water 
D) conversion of the free radical O2.  to carbon dioxide and water 
E) none of the above

Question 8

Matching 
Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used.
-The stoichiometric relationship of ATP synthesis to ______ is referred to as the P/O ratio.

Accepted Answer

A) shuttle 
B) matrix 
C) respiration 
D) copper 
E) heme
F)tunnel
G)plasma membrane
H)coenzyme Q
I)cytosol
J)antioxidant
K)wire
L)proton pump 
A) shuttle 
B) matrix 
C) respiration 
D) copper 
E) heme
F)tunnel
G)plasma membrane
H)coenzyme Q
I)cytosol
J)antioxidant
K)wire
L)proton pump

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the function of cytochrome c oxidase?

Accepted Answer

A) Cytochrome c oxidase oxidizes four consecutive cytochrome c molecules, via one-electron transfers, while simultaneously reducing one O2 to two H2O. 
B) Cytochrome c oxidase oxidizes two consecutive cytochrome c molecules, via two-electron transfers, while simultaneously reducing one O2 to two H2O. 
C) Cytochrome c oxidase oxidizes four consecutive cytochrome c molecules, via one-electron transfers, while simultaneously reducing two O2 to two H2O. 
D) Cytochrome c oxidase oxidizes two consecutive cytochrome c molecules, via two- electron transfers, while simultaneously reducing two O2 to two H2O. 
A) Cytochrome c oxidase oxidizes four consecutive cytochrome c molecules, via one-electron transfers, while simultaneously reducing one O2 to two H2O. 
B) Cytochrome c oxidase oxidizes two consecutive cytochrome c molecules, via two-electron transfers, while simultaneously reducing one O2 to two H2O. 
C) Cytochrome c oxidase oxidizes four consecutive cytochrome c molecules, via one-electron transfers, while simultaneously reducing two O2 to two H2O. 
D) Cytochrome c oxidase oxidizes two consecutive cytochrome c molecules, via two- electron transfers, while simultaneously reducing two O2 to two H2O.

Question 10

Matching 
Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used.
-Electrons from cytosolic NADH are transferred to the matrix via electron ______ systems.

Accepted Answer

A) shuttle 
B) matrix 
C) respiration 
D) copper 
E) heme
F)tunnel
G)plasma membrane
H)coenzyme Q
I)cytosol
J)antioxidant
K)wire
L)proton pump 
A) shuttle 
B) matrix 
C) respiration 
D) copper 
E) heme
F)tunnel
G)plasma membrane
H)coenzyme Q
I)cytosol
J)antioxidant
K)wire
L)proton pump

Question 11

Based on the information in the chapter, which of the following is TRUE regarding Complex III?
I.A large portion of Complex III dissociates from the membrane bound portion of the complex.
II.Complex III contains three identical cytochrome redox centers.
III.The Q cycle allows stepwise reoxidation of the two electrons from CoQH2.
IV.A change in conformation of iron sulfur protein (ISP)ensures that the Reiske center is reduced preferentially by CoQ.-.

Accepted Answer

A) I only 
B) I, II 
C) III only 
D) III, IV 
E) I, III, IV 
A) I only 
B) I, II 
C) III only 
D) III, IV 
E) I, III, IV

Question 12

Which of the following is TRUE regarding heme proteins?
I.Heme groups are capable of transferring electrons across large distances provided that some molecular network exists as a "path."
II.Heme groups are often buried in protein structure because the protein protects the heme and prevents it from indiscriminately transferring electrons.
III.The rate of electron transfer from a reduced heme is physiologically significant.
IV.Heme groups are often differentiated by their absorption spectrum.

Accepted Answer

A) I, III 
B) I, III, IV. 
C) I, II 
D) II, IV 
E) I, II, III, IV 
A) I, III 
B) I, III, IV. 
C) I, II 
D) II, IV 
E) I, II, III, IV

Question 13

The structure of ATP synthase changes in conformation as a result of

Accepted Answer

A) the rotation of the α and β subunits. 
B) the rotation of the β subunit. 
C) the rotation of ATP. 
D) the rotation of the $\gamma$ subunit. 
E) all of the above. 
A) the rotation of the α and β subunits. 
B) the rotation of the β subunit. 
C) the rotation of ATP. 
D) the rotation of the $\gamma$ subunit. 
E) all of the above.

Question 14

Matching 
Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used.
-The cytochromes within complex III all contain _____ groups.

Accepted Answer

A) shuttle 
B) matrix 
C) respiration 
D) copper 
E) heme
F)tunnel
G)plasma membrane
H)coenzyme Q
I)cytosol
J)antioxidant
K)wire
L)proton pump 
A) shuttle 
B) matrix 
C) respiration 
D) copper 
E) heme
F)tunnel
G)plasma membrane
H)coenzyme Q
I)cytosol
J)antioxidant
K)wire
L)proton pump

Question 15

Which conformation of the active sites in ATP synthase allows binding of substrates?

Accepted Answer

A) L state 
B) O state 
C) T state 
D) C state 
E) A and B 
A) L state 
B) O state 
C) T state 
D) C state 
E) A and B

Question 16

Matching 
Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used.
-Cytochrome c oxidase contains four redox centers: two heme groups and two redox centers containing_______.

Accepted Answer

A) shuttle 
B) matrix 
C) respiration 
D) copper 
E) heme
F)tunnel
G)plasma membrane
H)coenzyme Q
I)cytosol
J)antioxidant
K)wire
L)proton pump 
A) shuttle 
B) matrix 
C) respiration 
D) copper 
E) heme
F)tunnel
G)plasma membrane
H)coenzyme Q
I)cytosol
J)antioxidant
K)wire
L)proton pump

Question 17

Which statement(s)concerning the mitochondrial F0F1 ATP synthase is FALSE?
I.The F1 subunit includes rotating sets of $\alpha\beta$dimers.
II.The F0 subunit includes a ring of between 9 and 12 proton-carrying polypeptides.
III.The F1 subunit undergoes a series of conformational changes throughout the course of reaction.

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, III 
B) II, III 
C) I only 
D) III only 
E) None of the options (I - III)is false.Options I-IV are all true. 
A) I, II, III 
B) II, III 
C) I only 
D) III only 
E) None of the options (I - III)is false.Options I-IV are all true.

Question 18

Matching 
Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used.
-Bacteria carry out electron transport in the _____.

Accepted Answer

A) shuttle 
B) matrix 
C) respiration 
D) copper 
E) heme
F)tunnel
G)plasma membrane
H)coenzyme Q
I)cytosol
J)antioxidant
K)wire
L)proton pump 
A) shuttle 
B) matrix 
C) respiration 
D) copper 
E) heme
F)tunnel
G)plasma membrane
H)coenzyme Q
I)cytosol
J)antioxidant
K)wire
L)proton pump

Question 19

Some degenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, are associated with ______ damage to ______.

Accepted Answer

A) oxidative; mitochondria 
B) thermogenic; mitochondria 
C) free radical; nuclei 
D) oxidative; nuclei 
E) thermogenic; nuclei 
A) oxidative; mitochondria 
B) thermogenic; mitochondria 
C) free radical; nuclei 
D) oxidative; nuclei 
E) thermogenic; nuclei

Question 20

Which of the following statements is(are)TRUE about oxidative phosphorylation?
I.Electron transport provides energy to pump protons into the intermembrane space.
II.An electrochemical gradient is formed across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
III.Potassium and sodium ions form an ionic gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
IV.Complexes I, II, III, IV actively transport protons into the intermembrane space during electron transport.

Accepted Answer

A) I, II, III, IV 
B) I, II, IV 
C) II, III, IV 
D) I, IV 
E) II, IV 
A) I, II, III, IV 
B) I, II, IV 
C) II, III, IV 
D) I, IV 
E) II, IV

Exam 18: Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation

Phosphate (Pi)is transported into the mitochondria from the cytosol by a phosphate carrier which is driven by the

___ the gradient with the synthesis of ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. I.The Fo portion of ATP synthase II.Thermogenin uncouples III.2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP)dissipates IV.An ionophore capable of transporting potassium ions across the membrane

A poison that prevents the transfer of electrons from the last [Fe-S] cluster of Complex I to coenzyme Q is added to a suspension of actively respiring mitochondria.Which of the following will be observed?

All of the following inhibit electron transport EXCEPT

In the electron transport chain, FMN can adopt ____ oxidation state(s)and is capable of accepting or donating ____ electron(s).

Cyclonite is a poison that blocks electron transfer between cytochromes bL and bH.When this poison is added to a suspension of isolated mitochondria, and when spectroscopic analysis is performed,

What is the net result of the successive reactions catalyzed by superoxide dismutase and catalase?

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used. -The stoichiometric relationship of ATP synthesis to ______ is referred to as the P/O ratio.

Which of the following best describes the function of cytochrome c oxidase?

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used. -Electrons from cytosolic NADH are transferred to the matrix via electron ______ systems.

The structure of ATP synthase changes in conformation as a result of

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used. -The cytochromes within complex III all contain _____ groups.

Which conformation of the active sites in ATP synthase allows binding of substrates?

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used. -Cytochrome c oxidase contains four redox centers: two heme groups and two redox centers containing_______.

Matching Choose the correct answer from the list. Not all the answers will be used. -Bacteria carry out electron transport in the _____.

Some degenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, are associated with ______ damage to ______.

Introduction to the Chemistry of Life

Water

Nucleotides, Nucleic Acids, and Genetic Information

Amino Acids

Proteins: Primary Structure

Proteins: Three-Dimensional Structure

Protein Function Part I: Myoglobin and Hemoglobin

Carbohydrates

Lipids and Biological Membranes

Membrane Transport

Enzyme Catalysis

Enzyme Kinetics, Inhibition and Control

Biochemical Signaling

Introduction to Metabolism

Glycogen Metabolism and Gluconeogenesis

Glucose Catabolism

Citric Acid Cycle

Photosynthesis

Lipid Metabolism

Amino Acid Metabolism

Mammalian Fuel Metabolism: Integration and Regulation

Nucleotide Metabolism

Nucleic Acid Structure

Dna Replication, Repair and Recombination

Transcription and Rna Processing

Translation

Regulation of Gene Expression

Filters

Phosphate (P_i)is transported into the mitochondria from the cytosol by a phosphate carrier which is driven by the

___ the gradient with the synthesis of ATP via oxidative phosphorylation. I.The F_o portion of ATP synthase II.Thermogenin uncouples III.2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP)dissipates IV.An ionophore capable of transporting potassium ions across the membrane

In the electron transport chain, FMN can adopt oxidation state(s)and is capable of accepting or donating electron(s).

Cyclonite is a poison that blocks electron transfer between cytochromes b_L and b_H.When this poison is added to a suspension of isolated mitochondria, and when spectroscopic analysis is performed,

Some degenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's disease, are associated with damage to .