Question 1

During an El Niño event,

Accepted Answer

A)  sea surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific Ocean become significantly warmer. 
B)  a reversal of the Peru current brings Pacific Ocean water to the tip of South America where it mixes with Atlantic Ocean water. 
C)  the Earth's rotational axis tilts beyond its normal 23.5°. 
D)  sea surface temperatures in the Atlantic Ocean become significantly warmer. 
A)  sea surface temperatures in the eastern Pacific Ocean become significantly warmer. 
B)  a reversal of the Peru current brings Pacific Ocean water to the tip of South America where it mixes with Atlantic Ocean water. 
C)  the Earth's rotational axis tilts beyond its normal 23.5°. 
D)  sea surface temperatures in the Atlantic Ocean become significantly warmer.

Question 2

Hawaii is positioned near the center of the north Pacific current system;the general flow of ocean water to the south of Hawaii would be to the

Accepted Answer

A)  east. 
B)  north. 
C)  south. 
D)  west. 
A)  east. 
B)  north. 
C)  south. 
D)  west.

Question 3

Which of the following would have the greatest climatic effect over the largest area?

Accepted Answer

A)  the Missouri River 
B)  the Great Lakes 
C)  tropical rainforests 
D)  the Gulf Stream current 
A)  the Missouri River 
B)  the Great Lakes 
C)  tropical rainforests 
D)  the Gulf Stream current

Question 4

When a predator is removed or displaced from its ecosystem,numerous additional species of both plants and animals can be affected.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The ________ is the ecological zone in the marine biome from the shoreline to the continental shelf and has high productivity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ is the ecological zone in...

Question 6

Relatively little precipitation falls on the side of a mountain that faces away from prevailing winds because of the ________ effect.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Relatively little precipitation falls on the side...

Question 7

The intertidal zone is somewhat unusual in comparison to the other aquatic biomes because

Accepted Answer

A)  its primary production depends extensively on the photosynthetic output of mutualistic algae. 
B)  sand is one of the few aquatic substrates that regularly moves. 
C)  it experiences periodic submersion and exposure during the tidal cycle. 
D)  the mixing of salt- and freshwater moderates the temperature more so than any other aquatic habitat. 
A)  its primary production depends extensively on the photosynthetic output of mutualistic algae. 
B)  sand is one of the few aquatic substrates that regularly moves. 
C)  it experiences periodic submersion and exposure during the tidal cycle. 
D)  the mixing of salt- and freshwater moderates the temperature more so than any other aquatic habitat.

Question 8

The biosphere is considered to consist of all living things and the physical environments where they live.To more conveniently characterize it,the biosphere is subdivided into

Accepted Answer

A)  ecosystems. 
B)  biomes. 
C)  populations. 
D)  habitats. 
A)  ecosystems. 
B)  biomes. 
C)  populations. 
D)  habitats.

Question 9

An easterly wind blows from the east toward the west.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Problems arise during an El Niño event when

Accepted Answer

A)  warm surface water,depleted of its nutrients,flows toward the South American coast. 
B)  displaced organisms crowd into adjacent habitats. 
C)  warm surface waters evaporate more rapidly,causing increased rainfall in every terrestrial biome. 
D)  ocean current systems reverse their flow directions and impede migrating marine fish and mammals. 
A)  warm surface water,depleted of its nutrients,flows toward the South American coast. 
B)  displaced organisms crowd into adjacent habitats. 
C)  warm surface waters evaporate more rapidly,causing increased rainfall in every terrestrial biome. 
D)  ocean current systems reverse their flow directions and impede migrating marine fish and mammals.

Question 11

How can the latitudinal variation of Earth's average temperatures be explained?

Accepted Answer

A)  The curvature of Earth places the equator closest to the sun and the polar latitudes farthest from the sun. 
B)  The ocean moderates Earth's climate;the greatest extent of ocean is within the tropical latitudes. 
C)  Moist air such as that found in the tropics holds more heat than the dry air of the temperate and polar latitudes. 
D)  Sunlight strikes the equatorial latitudes nearly perpendicularly but strikes obliquely at the temperate and polar latitudes. 
A)  The curvature of Earth places the equator closest to the sun and the polar latitudes farthest from the sun. 
B)  The ocean moderates Earth's climate;the greatest extent of ocean is within the tropical latitudes. 
C)  Moist air such as that found in the tropics holds more heat than the dry air of the temperate and polar latitudes. 
D)  Sunlight strikes the equatorial latitudes nearly perpendicularly but strikes obliquely at the temperate and polar latitudes.

Question 12

Workers in Kenya use marine pollution from the Indian Ocean to make key rings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Species introduced into a new environment by humans always become invasive species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which of the following is a consequence of marine pollution?

Accepted Answer

A)  a dramatic increase in greenhouse gases 
B)  interference with predator-prey relationships 
C)  an increase in acid rain 
D)  ozone depletion 
A)  a dramatic increase in greenhouse gases 
B)  interference with predator-prey relationships 
C)  an increase in acid rain 
D)  ozone depletion

Question 15

In which of the following would oxygen-rich surface water be most likely to sink seasonally to replenish deeper waters?

Accepted Answer

A)  near the shores of the Atlantic Ocean 
B)  in Lake Superior 
C)  in a shallow lake near Miami,Florida 
D)  in the Tennessee River 
A)  near the shores of the Atlantic Ocean 
B)  in Lake Superior 
C)  in a shallow lake near Miami,Florida 
D)  in the Tennessee River

Question 16

Despite the absence of photosynthesis,the continuous settling of detritus makes the ________ zone of the coastal ocean a stable habitat.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Despite the absence of photosynthesis,the continuous settling...

Question 17

The ________ consists of all life and its surroundings.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ consists of all life and...

Question 18

Many of the consumers in the benthic zone feed on dead organisms that drift down from the photic zone.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

In the Northern Hemisphere,most ocean currents run clockwise.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The waters along the coast of Peru are unusually cold considering its proximity to the equator.This cold temperature is due to the

Accepted Answer

A)  melting icebergs that calve from Andean glaciers into Peruvian coastal waters. 
B)  rain shadow effect created by the Andes and the introduction of cool rainwater into the coastal zone. 
C)  Gulf Stream,a current that transports cold water from the north. 
D)  Peru Current,which transports cold water from the south. 
A)  melting icebergs that calve from Andean glaciers into Peruvian coastal waters. 
B)  rain shadow effect created by the Andes and the introduction of cool rainwater into the coastal zone. 
C)  Gulf Stream,a current that transports cold water from the north. 
D)  Peru Current,which transports cold water from the south.

Exam 20: The Biosphere

During an El Niño event,

Hawaii is positioned near the center of the north Pacific current system;the general flow of ocean water to the south of Hawaii would be to the

Which of the following would have the greatest climatic effect over the largest area?

When a predator is removed or displaced from its ecosystem,numerous additional species of both plants and animals can be affected.

The ________ is the ecological zone in the marine biome from the shoreline to the continental shelf and has high productivity.

Relatively little precipitation falls on the side of a mountain that faces away from prevailing winds because of the ________ effect.

The intertidal zone is somewhat unusual in comparison to the other aquatic biomes because

The biosphere is considered to consist of all living things and the physical environments where they live.To more conveniently characterize it,the biosphere is subdivided into

An easterly wind blows from the east toward the west.

Problems arise during an El Niño event when

How can the latitudinal variation of Earth's average temperatures be explained?

Workers in Kenya use marine pollution from the Indian Ocean to make key rings.

Species introduced into a new environment by humans always become invasive species.

Which of the following is a consequence of marine pollution?

In which of the following would oxygen-rich surface water be most likely to sink seasonally to replenish deeper waters?

Despite the absence of photosynthesis,the continuous settling of detritus makes the ________ zone of the coastal ocean a stable habitat.

The ________ consists of all life and its surroundings.

Many of the consumers in the benthic zone feed on dead organisms that drift down from the photic zone.

In the Northern Hemisphere,most ocean currents run clockwise.

The waters along the coast of Peru are unusually cold considering its proximity to the equator.This cold temperature is due to the

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