Exam 16: The Evolution of Biodiversity

The coelacanth and the lungfish are the two main candidates reputed to be a close relative of the ancestral fish that first used fins to walk on land and give rise to the ____________.

The oxygen necessary to support much of life on Earth is a waste product of an important adaptation,the process of ____________________.

Dinosaurs lived on Pangaea.

An asteroid can cause a mass extinction by creating a cloud that blocks out the sun for months or years after impact.

Mammals were able to evolve to fill some ecological roles that had previously been filled by dinosaurs,when the extinction of dinosaurs brought an end to the ____________________ between these two groups of animals.

Which fish,thought for a long time to be extinct until it appeared in a South African fish market in 1938,is also suspected to be related to the ancestral fish that gave rise to the first tetrapod?

The preserved footprint of a Neanderthal is a fossil.

Oxygen was one of the original gases abundant in Earth's atmosphere before the evolution of life.

The appearance of a tail on a human baby would be an example of an atavistic trait.

What would happen if PAX6,the homeotic gene that drives eye development in mice and humans,were inserted into a fruit fly embryo that was homozygous for the eyeless allele of the fruit fly gene that controls fruit fly eye development?

The leg bones of the first tetrapod (shown in the following diagram)are hypothesized to have evolved from bones in the ____________.

Evidence that the Cretaceous mass extinction was created by the impact of an asteroid is the existence,buried under sediments off the coast of Mexico,of a huge ____________________.

Which of the following reflects the order of the Linnaean hierarchy from the highest-level (or most general)to the lowest-level (or most specific)taxon?

There is a class of genes that causes the development of structures in embryological development;such genes accomplish this task by controlling the expression of all other genes necessary for the growth of an embryological structure like the limb.Such genes are called ____________________ genes.

Which of the following does NOT lead to adaptive radiation?

Measuring the amount of the radioisotope ¹⁴C in a fossil that is assumed to be over 70,000 years is a good way to determine the age of the fossil.

Fossil anklebones from the ancestors of whales and the anklebones of hippopotamuses have the same shape,which is an adaptation for running on land.This suggests that _____________.

The first group of vertebrates that could complete their life cycle without returning to water was _____________.

Which of the following statements about the fossil record is true?

Which of the following is an example of a human atavistic trait?