Question 1

Members of all of Earth's different species (past and present)have been (or will be)converted into some type of fossil after their death.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following groups of animals evolved the most recently?

Accepted Answer

A)  invertebrates 
B)  amphibians 
C)  reptiles 
D)  mammals 
A)  invertebrates 
B)  amphibians 
C)  reptiles 
D)  mammals

Question 3

Which of the following was NOT necessary for plants to develop in order to adapt to life on land?

Accepted Answer

A)  photosynthesis 
B)  roots 
C)  waterproofing 
D)  transport mechanisms within stems 
A)  photosynthesis 
B)  roots 
C)  waterproofing 
D)  transport mechanisms within stems

Question 4

After the extinction of the dinosaurs,the stage was set for the eventual evolution of humans by the adaptive radiation of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of After the extinction of the dinosaurs,the stage...

Question 5

Why is the fossil record incomplete?

Accepted Answer

A)  Transitional forms of organisms do not exist because evolution constantly forms new organisms from scratch. 
B)  The remains of organisms form fossils by chance and are later discovered by chance. 
C)  DNA evidence cannot be obtained from fossils. 
D)  Evolutionary trends cannot be determined without complete skeletons,which are rare. 
A)  Transitional forms of organisms do not exist because evolution constantly forms new organisms from scratch. 
B)  The remains of organisms form fossils by chance and are later discovered by chance. 
C)  DNA evidence cannot be obtained from fossils. 
D)  Evolutionary trends cannot be determined without complete skeletons,which are rare.

Question 6

Which of the following is NOT an example of a fossil?

Accepted Answer

A)  the footprint of an ancient humanlike being 
B)  an insect preserved in hardened tree sap 
C)  an imprint of feathers and a skeleton in a rock 
D)  mummified remains of a saber-tooth tiger 
A)  the footprint of an ancient humanlike being 
B)  an insect preserved in hardened tree sap 
C)  an imprint of feathers and a skeleton in a rock 
D)  mummified remains of a saber-tooth tiger

Question 7

Closely related phyla are grouped together into a class.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A particular homeotic gene,if it is present in an organism's genome,will be active in every cell in that organism's body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The lowest level of classification in the Linnaean hierarchy is the species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

A gene that controls a battery of other genes that are responsible for the development of structures such as a limb during embryological development is called a(n)_____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  limbic gene 
B)  sex-linked gene 
C)  homeotic gene 
D)  epigenetic gene 
A)  limbic gene 
B)  sex-linked gene 
C)  homeotic gene 
D)  epigenetic gene

Question 11

The discipline of taxonomy involves ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the description of the relationship between anatomy and physiology 
B)  the classification of organisms into groups based on morphological or genetic similarities 
C)  the study of specific atavistic and vestigial characteristics 
D)  the determination of the morphometric properties of the living world 
A)  the description of the relationship between anatomy and physiology 
B)  the classification of organisms into groups based on morphological or genetic similarities 
C)  the study of specific atavistic and vestigial characteristics 
D)  the determination of the morphometric properties of the living world

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT an effect of mass extinctions on the diversity of life?

Accepted Answer

A)  Entire groups of organisms die off,changing the history of life on Earth. 
B)  Mutation rates in surviving organisms increase greatly. 
C)  Surviving species experience adaptive radiations. 
D)  Previously unimportant groups of organisms find new ecological and evolutionary opportunities. 
A)  Entire groups of organisms die off,changing the history of life on Earth. 
B)  Mutation rates in surviving organisms increase greatly. 
C)  Surviving species experience adaptive radiations. 
D)  Previously unimportant groups of organisms find new ecological and evolutionary opportunities.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a correct scientific name?

Accepted Answer

A)  Homo sapiens 
B)  Homo erectus 
C)  Habilis homo 
D)  Gallus gallus 
A)  Homo sapiens 
B)  Homo erectus 
C)  Habilis homo 
D)  Gallus gallus

Question 14

The following organism is the evolutionary ancestor of the modern whale.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

A mutation in a homeotic gene would NOT be likely to cause which of the following developmental changes in an organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  the development of a fruit fly embryo with legs growing from its head 
B)  the development of a legless lizard 
C)  a change in the color of a fruit flies eyes 
D)  the appearance of an eye on the abdomen of a fruit fly 
A)  the development of a fruit fly embryo with legs growing from its head 
B)  the development of a legless lizard 
C)  a change in the color of a fruit flies eyes 
D)  the appearance of an eye on the abdomen of a fruit fly

Question 16

During the time of Pangaea,an ancestor of modern crocodiles inhabited the region marked by the star in this map (left in the following figure).
 
Where would you expect to find fossils of this animal today (the map on the right)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Northern Hemisphere 
B)  on every continent 
C)  Africa 
D)  Antarctica 
A)  Northern Hemisphere 
B)  on every continent 
C)  Africa 
D)  Antarctica

Question 17

The earliest forms of life evolved and lived in ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The earliest forms of life evolved and...

Question 18

Mass extinctions remove dominant groups of organisms and thus provide new ecological and evolutionary opportunities for groups of organisms that were previously of little importance.These organisms can then fill the now existing niches through the process of ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  directed mutation 
B)  cloning 
C)  mitosis 
D)  adaptive radiation 
A)  directed mutation 
B)  cloning 
C)  mitosis 
D)  adaptive radiation

Question 19

The homeotic gene that controls eye development in mice and humans can trigger the development of eyes in an eyeless ciliate.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The human and chimpanzee genomes are approximately 98% similar;thus,the 2% of genes that are different accounts for all of the differences between the two organisms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 16: The Evolution of Biodiversity

Members of all of Earth's different species (past and present)have been (or will be)converted into some type of fossil after their death.

Which of the following groups of animals evolved the most recently?

Which of the following was NOT necessary for plants to develop in order to adapt to life on land?

After the extinction of the dinosaurs,the stage was set for the eventual evolution of humans by the adaptive radiation of ____________________.

Why is the fossil record incomplete?

Which of the following is NOT an example of a fossil?

Closely related phyla are grouped together into a class.

A particular homeotic gene,if it is present in an organism's genome,will be active in every cell in that organism's body.

The lowest level of classification in the Linnaean hierarchy is the species.

A gene that controls a battery of other genes that are responsible for the development of structures such as a limb during embryological development is called a(n)_____________.

The discipline of taxonomy involves ____________.

Which of the following is NOT an effect of mass extinctions on the diversity of life?

Which of the following is NOT a correct scientific name?

The following organism is the evolutionary ancestor of the modern whale.

A mutation in a homeotic gene would NOT be likely to cause which of the following developmental changes in an organism?

During the time of Pangaea,an ancestor of modern crocodiles inhabited the region marked by the star in this map (left in the following figure). Where would you expect to find fossils of this animal today (the map on the right)?

The earliest forms of life evolved and lived in ____________________.

Mass extinctions remove dominant groups of organisms and thus provide new ecological and evolutionary opportunities for groups of organisms that were previously of little importance.These organisms can then fill the now existing niches through the process of ___________.

The homeotic gene that controls eye development in mice and humans can trigger the development of eyes in an eyeless ciliate.

The human and chimpanzee genomes are approximately 98% similar;thus,the 2% of genes that are different accounts for all of the differences between the two organisms.

The Nature of Science and the Characteristics of Life

The Chemistry of Life

Cell Structure and Internal Compartments

Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Energy, Metabolism, and Enzymes

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Cell Division

Cancer and Human Health

Patterns of Inheritance

Chromosomes and Human Genetics

DNA and Genes

From Gene to Protein

DNA Technology

How Evolution Works

The Origin of Species

Biological Diversity, Bacteria, and Archaea

Protista, Plantae, and Fungi

Animalia

The Biosphere

Growth of Populations

Animal Behavior

Ecological Communities

Ecosystems

Global Change

Internal Organization and Homeostasis

Nutrition and Digestion

Circulation and Gas Exchange

Animal Hormones

Nervous and Sensory Systems

Skeletons,Muscles,and Movement

The Immune System

Reproduction and Development

Plant Structure, Nutrition, and Transport

Plant Growth and Reproduction

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