Question 1

A decrease in blood pH below normal tends to:

Accepted Answer

A) stimulate increased respirations. 
B) produce hypoventilation. 
C) stimulate a compensatory increase in blood hydrogen ion concentration through the respiratory system. 
D) do both B and C. 
A) stimulate increased respirations. 
B) produce hypoventilation. 
C) stimulate a compensatory increase in blood hydrogen ion concentration through the respiratory system. 
D) do both B and C.

Question 2

In the body, which of the following substances might be used to buffer a strong acid such as HCl?

Accepted Answer

A) H2CO3 
B) Hemoglobin 
C) NaHCO3 
D) None of the above 
A) H2CO3 
B) Hemoglobin 
C) NaHCO3 
D) None of the above

Question 3

Which of the following would have the greatest concentration of hydrogen ions?

Accepted Answer

A) pH 2 
B) pH 6 
C) pH 8 
D) pH 10 
A) pH 2 
B) pH 6 
C) pH 8 
D) pH 10

Question 4

Assume the strong base NaOH was added to a solution that contained the phosphate buffer pair Na₂HPO₄/NaH₂PO₄. Write out the chemical equation that shows how this buffer pair would react to the NaOH.

Accepted Answer

The chemical equation for the reaction b

Question 5

A change in pH damages an enzyme's ability to function because it changes the shape of the enzyme.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

In acidosis, the renal tubule excretion of hydrogen ions:

Accepted Answer

A) decreases. 
B) increases. 
C) does not change. 
D) decreases only when potassium ion excretion increases. 
A) decreases. 
B) increases. 
C) does not change. 
D) decreases only when potassium ion excretion increases.

Question 7

Venous blood returning from the lungs would have a higher pH than blood returning from the inferior vena cava.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

An abnormal change in pH in the body could disrupt the functioning of:

Accepted Answer

A) enzymes. 
B) cell membrane receptors. 
C) hemoglobin. 
D) all of the above. 
A) enzymes. 
B) cell membrane receptors. 
C) hemoglobin. 
D) all of the above.

Question 9

Explain why a change in pH is so detrimental to the functioning of the body.

Accepted Answer

A change in pH is detrimental to the fun

Question 10

Hydrogen ions are continually entering the body fluids through:

Accepted Answer

A) acidic ketone bodies. 
B) phosphoric acids. 
C) carbonic acids. 
D) all of the above. 
A) acidic ketone bodies. 
B) phosphoric acids. 
C) carbonic acids. 
D) all of the above.

Question 11

The respiratory system is an important buffer system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

If the blood pH decreases below normal, the kidney tubules secrete _____ urine.

Accepted Answer

A) fewer hydrogen ions from blood to 
B) more hydrogen ions from blood to 
C) more sodium ions into the 
D) Both A and C will occur. 
A) fewer hydrogen ions from blood to 
B) more hydrogen ions from blood to 
C) more sodium ions into the 
D) Both A and C will occur.

Question 13

Saliva is normally acidic.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The proximal and distal tubules secrete hydrogen ions into the urine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Match each term with it corresponding definition.
-Symbol indicating hydrogen ion concentration

Accepted Answer

A) Alkaline 
B) pH 
C) Buffer 
D) Acid 
E) Alkalosis
F)Chloride shift
G)Acidosis
H)Metabolic alkalosis
I)Metabolic acidosis
J)Respiratory acidosis
K)Respiratory alkalosis 
A) Alkaline 
B) pH 
C) Buffer 
D) Acid 
E) Alkalosis
F)Chloride shift
G)Acidosis
H)Metabolic alkalosis
I)Metabolic acidosis
J)Respiratory acidosis
K)Respiratory alkalosis

Question 16

Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme necessary for the formation of carbonic acid in the kidney tubules.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Carbonic acid results primarily from the metabolism of:

Accepted Answer

A) glucose. 
B) amino acids. 
C) fats. 
D) ribonucleotides. 
A) glucose. 
B) amino acids. 
C) fats. 
D) ribonucleotides.

Question 18

If the pH of the blood were 7.23, it would be

Accepted Answer

A) within the normal range. 
B) slightly more acidic than normal. 
C) slightly more basic than normal. 
D) much more basic than normal. 
A) within the normal range. 
B) slightly more acidic than normal. 
C) slightly more basic than normal. 
D) much more basic than normal.

Question 19

The more hydrogen ions excreted by the renal tubules, the:

Accepted Answer

A) more alkaline the urine. 
B) more potassium ions excreted. 
C) fewer potassium ions excreted. 
D) lower the pH of the blood becomes. 
A) more alkaline the urine. 
B) more potassium ions excreted. 
C) fewer potassium ions excreted. 
D) lower the pH of the blood becomes.

Question 20

An increase in respiratory rate would result in a decrease in all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) carbon dioxide. 
B) acidity. 
C) pH. 
D) hydrogen ions. 
A) carbon dioxide. 
B) acidity. 
C) pH. 
D) hydrogen ions.

Exam 44: Acid-Base Balance

A decrease in blood pH below normal tends to:

In the body, which of the following substances might be used to buffer a strong acid such as HCl?

Which of the following would have the greatest concentration of hydrogen ions?

Assume the strong base NaOH was added to a solution that contained the phosphate buffer pair Na₂HPO₄/NaH₂PO₄. Write out the chemical equation that shows how this buffer pair would react to the NaOH.

A change in pH damages an enzyme's ability to function because it changes the shape of the enzyme.

In acidosis, the renal tubule excretion of hydrogen ions:

Venous blood returning from the lungs would have a higher pH than blood returning from the inferior vena cava.

An abnormal change in pH in the body could disrupt the functioning of:

Explain why a change in pH is so detrimental to the functioning of the body.

Hydrogen ions are continually entering the body fluids through:

The respiratory system is an important buffer system.

If the blood pH decreases below normal, the kidney tubules secrete _____ urine.

Saliva is normally acidic.

The proximal and distal tubules secrete hydrogen ions into the urine.

Match each term with it corresponding definition. -Symbol indicating hydrogen ion concentration

Carbonic anhydrase is an enzyme necessary for the formation of carbonic acid in the kidney tubules.

Carbonic acid results primarily from the metabolism of:

If the pH of the blood were 7.23, it would be

The more hydrogen ions excreted by the renal tubules, the:

An increase in respiratory rate would result in a decrease in all of the following except:

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