Question 1

The amount of air left in the lung after a normal expiration is called:

Accepted Answer

A) anatomical dead air space. 
B) physiological dead air space. 
C) functional residual capacity. 
D) vital capacity. 
A) anatomical dead air space. 
B) physiological dead air space. 
C) functional residual capacity. 
D) vital capacity. C

Question 2

The Hering-Breuer reflexes are activated by stretch receptors in the lungs that send messages to the inspiratory center.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 3

The gas laws are based on the concept of a standard gas whose molecules are so far apart that they rarely collide.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 4

For air to remain in the lungs, the pressure in the lungs must be equal to or less than atmospheric pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Match each pulmonary volume with its corresponding description or definition.
-Typical volume of air moved into and out of the lungs during normal, quiet breathing

Accepted Answer

A) Tidal volume 
B) Vital capacity 
C) Inspiratory reserve volume 
D) Expiratory reserve volume 
E) Residual volume
F)Minimal air 
A) Tidal volume 
B) Vital capacity 
C) Inspiratory reserve volume 
D) Expiratory reserve volume 
E) Residual volume
F)Minimal air

Question 6

When the pressure in the lung is greater than atmospheric pressure:

Accepted Answer

A) inspiration occurs. 
B) expiration occurs. 
C) lung tissue has collapsed. 
D) the bronchioles are obstructed. 
A) inspiration occurs. 
B) expiration occurs. 
C) lung tissue has collapsed. 
D) the bronchioles are obstructed.

Question 7

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a broad term used to describe conditions of progressive obstruction of expiratory airflow.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A sudden rise in arterial blood pressure will:

Accepted Answer

A) cause a reflex increase in rate and depth of respirations. 
B) cause a reflex slowing of respirations. 
C) have no effect on respirations because of the control mechanisms in the cerebral cortex. 
D) cause an immediate decrease in respirations followed by a prolonged period of rapid and shallow respirations. 
A) cause a reflex increase in rate and depth of respirations. 
B) cause a reflex slowing of respirations. 
C) have no effect on respirations because of the control mechanisms in the cerebral cortex. 
D) cause an immediate decrease in respirations followed by a prolonged period of rapid and shallow respirations.

Question 9

Explain the diving reflex.

Accepted Answer

The diving reflex, also known as the mam

Question 10

Match each pulmonary volume with its corresponding description or definition.
-Amount of air that cannot be forcibly expired and is trapped in the lung

Accepted Answer

A) Tidal volume 
B) Vital capacity 
C) Inspiratory reserve volume 
D) Expiratory reserve volume 
E) Residual volume
F)Minimal air 
A) Tidal volume 
B) Vital capacity 
C) Inspiratory reserve volume 
D) Expiratory reserve volume 
E) Residual volume
F)Minimal air

Question 11

The term used to describe the volume of air exchanged during normal inspiration and expiration is:

Accepted Answer

A) inspiratory and expiratory reserve volume. 
B) vital capacity. 
C) tidal volume. 
D) residual volume. 
A) inspiratory and expiratory reserve volume. 
B) vital capacity. 
C) tidal volume. 
D) residual volume.

Question 12

During inspiration, the expansion of the lungs causes:

Accepted Answer

A) cohesion of visceral and parietal pleura. 
B) a pressure gradient from alveoli to atmosphere. 
C) a decrease in alveolar pressure. 
D) an increase in intrathoracic pressure from about -6 to -4 mm Hg. 
A) cohesion of visceral and parietal pleura. 
B) a pressure gradient from alveoli to atmosphere. 
C) a decrease in alveolar pressure. 
D) an increase in intrathoracic pressure from about -6 to -4 mm Hg.

Question 13

Physiological dead air space can never be less than anatomical dead air space.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

A large amount of physiological dead air space would indicate an abnormal condition in the respiratory system.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Identify and describe four nonrespiratory breathing reflexes.

Accepted Answer

1. Cough reflex: This reflex is triggere

Question 16

Internal respiration can be defined as:

Accepted Answer

A) the exchange of gases between the lung and the blood capillaries in the lung. 
B) pulmonary ventilation. 
C) the exchange of gases between the blood capillaries and the tissues cells. 
D) both A and B. 
A) the exchange of gases between the lung and the blood capillaries in the lung. 
B) pulmonary ventilation. 
C) the exchange of gases between the blood capillaries and the tissues cells. 
D) both A and B.

Question 17

The diving reflex is related to the effects of hydrostatic pressure on the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Match each pulmonary volume with its corresponding description or definition.
-Air that would be trapped inside a collapsed lung

Accepted Answer

A) Tidal volume 
B) Vital capacity 
C) Inspiratory reserve volume 
D) Expiratory reserve volume 
E) Residual volume
F)Minimal air 
A) Tidal volume 
B) Vital capacity 
C) Inspiratory reserve volume 
D) Expiratory reserve volume 
E) Residual volume
F)Minimal air

Question 19

A well-perfused but poorly ventilated part of the lung wastes blood.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Why would a collapsed right lung, due to a pneumothorax, also collapse the left lung?

Accepted Answer

A) The mediastinum is a mobile rather than a rigid partition between the two pleural sacs, thereby allowing the increased pressure in the side of the chest that is open to push the heart and other mediastinal structures toward the intact side, where they can exert pressure on the left lung. 
B) Subatmospheric pressure increases from its normal level and thereby moves from high pressure area (right lung) to low pressure area (left lung). 
C) When intrathoracic pressure increases, the mediastinum softens and thereby allows the increased pressure in the side of the chest that is open to push the heart and mediastinal structures toward the intact side, where they can exert pressure on the left lung. 
D) Intrathoracic pressure increases from its subatmospheric level to an atmospheric level, thereby allowing the pressure within the chest to increase in proportion to the volume of the thorax. 
A) The mediastinum is a mobile rather than a rigid partition between the two pleural sacs, thereby allowing the increased pressure in the side of the chest that is open to push the heart and other mediastinal structures toward the intact side, where they can exert pressure on the left lung. 
B) Subatmospheric pressure increases from its normal level and thereby moves from high pressure area (right lung) to low pressure area (left lung). 
C) When intrathoracic pressure increases, the mediastinum softens and thereby allows the increased pressure in the side of the chest that is open to push the heart and mediastinal structures toward the intact side, where they can exert pressure on the left lung. 
D) Intrathoracic pressure increases from its subatmospheric level to an atmospheric level, thereby allowing the pressure within the chest to increase in proportion to the volume of the thorax.

Exam 36: Ventilation

The amount of air left in the lung after a normal expiration is called:

The Hering-Breuer reflexes are activated by stretch receptors in the lungs that send messages to the inspiratory center.

The gas laws are based on the concept of a standard gas whose molecules are so far apart that they rarely collide.

For air to remain in the lungs, the pressure in the lungs must be equal to or less than atmospheric pressure.

Match each pulmonary volume with its corresponding description or definition. -Typical volume of air moved into and out of the lungs during normal, quiet breathing

When the pressure in the lung is greater than atmospheric pressure:

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a broad term used to describe conditions of progressive obstruction of expiratory airflow.

A sudden rise in arterial blood pressure will:

Explain the diving reflex.

Match each pulmonary volume with its corresponding description or definition. -Amount of air that cannot be forcibly expired and is trapped in the lung

The term used to describe the volume of air exchanged during normal inspiration and expiration is:

During inspiration, the expansion of the lungs causes:

Physiological dead air space can never be less than anatomical dead air space.

A large amount of physiological dead air space would indicate an abnormal condition in the respiratory system.

Identify and describe four nonrespiratory breathing reflexes.

Internal respiration can be defined as:

The diving reflex is related to the effects of hydrostatic pressure on the body.

Match each pulmonary volume with its corresponding description or definition. -Air that would be trapped inside a collapsed lung

A well-perfused but poorly ventilated part of the lung wastes blood.

Why would a collapsed right lung, due to a pneumothorax, also collapse the left lung?

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