Exam 36: Ventilation

Which of the following is not a regulated process associated with the functioning of the respiratory system?

When the diaphragm relaxes, it increases the size of the chest cavity, causing air to move into the lung.

Anatomical dead space approximates 10% of the tidal volume.

Excessive fluid in the pleural cavity would be most likely to cause:

Hypoventilation is characterized by low levels of carbon dioxide.

Match each type of breathing with its corresponding definition. -Repeated sequences of deep gasps and apnea; indicates increased intracranial pressure

Which muscle is used in quiet expiration?

The Hering-Breuer reflex regulates tidal volume.

Contraction of the diaphragm alone can produce quiet respiration.

Match each type of breathing with its corresponding definition. -Temporary cessation of breathing at the end of a normal expiration

The anatomical dead space is approximately equal to the same number of milliliters as the individual's weight in pounds.

Match each pulmonary volume with its corresponding description or definition. -The largest amount of air that can be inspired after tidal inspiration

Explain the mechanical process of breathing. Include in your discussion (1) any changes in volumes and pressures and the resulting effects, (2) muscles used for inspiration, and (3) muscles used for expiration.

Cerebral impulses are a more powerful regulator of respirations than the carbon dioxide content of the blood.

Match each type of breathing with its corresponding definition. -Dyspnea while lying down

The major factor that determines the movement of air into or out of the lungs is a pressure gradient.

The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is much more influenced by carbon dioxide in the blood because there is no buffering system in the CSF as there is in the blood.

Match each type of breathing with its corresponding definition. -Decrease in pulmonary ventilation that results in elevated blood levels of carbon dioxide

Normal, quiet breathing is known as:

Input from the apneustic center in the pons inhibits the inspiratory center, causing a decrease in the length and depth of inspiration.