Question 1

Life-threatening vomiting can occur both in infants and in pregnant women.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Explain the pH scale

Accepted Answer

The pH scale is a measure of the acidity

Question 3

Respiratory acidosis is also:

Accepted Answer

A) carbonic acid excess. 
B) carbonic acid deficit. 
C) bicarbonate excess. 
D) bicarbonate deficit. 
A) carbonic acid excess. 
B) carbonic acid deficit. 
C) bicarbonate excess. 
D) bicarbonate deficit.

Question 4

Mineral elements that are acidic include potassium, calcium, and sodium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

A minor bladder infection is often the result of urine not being acidic enough. Which of the following actions could correct this problem?

Accepted Answer

A) Drinking orange juice 
B) Eating large amounts of high-protein foods such as meat, fish, poultry, and eggs, which are acid forming 
C) Eating fruits and vegetables 
D) Eating foods rich in acids, such as cranberries and rhubarb 
A) Drinking orange juice 
B) Eating large amounts of high-protein foods such as meat, fish, poultry, and eggs, which are acid forming 
C) Eating fruits and vegetables 
D) Eating foods rich in acids, such as cranberries and rhubarb

Question 6

Which of the following is most basic?

Accepted Answer

A) Oven cleaner 
B) Baking soda 
C) Household ammonia 
D) Great Salt Lake water 
A) Oven cleaner 
B) Baking soda 
C) Household ammonia 
D) Great Salt Lake water

Question 7

The respiratory center becomes stimulated if the:

Accepted Answer

A) amount of carbon dioxide in arterial blood increases, so more CO2 is exhaled, thus lowering the blood pH. 
B) amount of carbon dioxide in venous blood increases to retain more CO2, thus lowering the blood pH. 
C) pH of the blood goes above 7.41. 
D) All of the above occur if the respiratory center becomes stimulated. 
A) amount of carbon dioxide in arterial blood increases, so more CO2 is exhaled, thus lowering the blood pH. 
B) amount of carbon dioxide in venous blood increases to retain more CO2, thus lowering the blood pH. 
C) pH of the blood goes above 7.41. 
D) All of the above occur if the respiratory center becomes stimulated.

Question 8

Ammonia excretion causes the body to retain sodium ions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The loss of chloride from the stomach will tend to lower the pH of the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

When the kidney secretes hydrogen ions, it primarily reabsorbs _____ ions.

Accepted Answer

A) potassium 
B) calcium 
C) chloride 
D) sodium 
A) potassium 
B) calcium 
C) chloride 
D) sodium

Question 11

In a solution with a pH of 7, the number of H⁺ ions equals the number of OH- ions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

In the body, nonvolatile acids, or fixed acids, are buffered mainly by:

Accepted Answer

A) hemoglobin. 
B) sodium hydroxide. 
C) sodium bicarbonate. 
D) plasma proteins. 
A) hemoglobin. 
B) sodium hydroxide. 
C) sodium bicarbonate. 
D) plasma proteins.

Question 13

In the bicarbonate buffer system, the weak acid carbonic acid is used to buffer a strong base such as NaOH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The compensatory mechanisms that respond to acidosis may lead to hyperkalemia and cause heart blockage or death.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

To function properly, the bicarbonate buffer system must have 20 times more H₂CO₃ than NaHCO₃.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Under normal body conditions, the chemical buffer system can maintain normal body pH.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Buffers are said to consist of a weak acid and its salt. When the ratio is written out, the salt goes above the line and the weak acid goes below the line.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following type(s) of acids would be produced as a result of glucose catabolism?

Accepted Answer

A) Acetoacetic and lactic 
B) Lactic 
C) Phosphoric and sulfuric 
D) Sulfuric 
A) Acetoacetic and lactic 
B) Lactic 
C) Phosphoric and sulfuric 
D) Sulfuric

Question 19

An increase in blood pH above normal may result in hypoventilation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

If NaOH were buffered by H-HCO₃, what would not occur?

Accepted Answer

A) Concentration of NaHCO3 would increase. 
B) Water would be formed. 
C) The number of hydroxide ions would greatly increase. 
D) All of the above would occur. 
A) Concentration of NaHCO3 would increase. 
B) Water would be formed. 
C) The number of hydroxide ions would greatly increase. 
D) All of the above would occur.

Exam 44: Acid-Base Balance

Life-threatening vomiting can occur both in infants and in pregnant women.

Explain the pH scale

Respiratory acidosis is also:

Mineral elements that are acidic include potassium, calcium, and sodium.

A minor bladder infection is often the result of urine not being acidic enough. Which of the following actions could correct this problem?

Which of the following is most basic?

The respiratory center becomes stimulated if the:

Ammonia excretion causes the body to retain sodium ions.

The loss of chloride from the stomach will tend to lower the pH of the body.

When the kidney secretes hydrogen ions, it primarily reabsorbs _____ ions.

In a solution with a pH of 7, the number of H⁺ ions equals the number of OH- ions.

In the body, nonvolatile acids, or fixed acids, are buffered mainly by:

In the bicarbonate buffer system, the weak acid carbonic acid is used to buffer a strong base such as NaOH.

The compensatory mechanisms that respond to acidosis may lead to hyperkalemia and cause heart blockage or death.

To function properly, the bicarbonate buffer system must have 20 times more H₂CO₃ than NaHCO₃.

Under normal body conditions, the chemical buffer system can maintain normal body pH.

Buffers are said to consist of a weak acid and its salt. When the ratio is written out, the salt goes above the line and the weak acid goes below the line.

Which of the following type(s) of acids would be produced as a result of glucose catabolism?

An increase in blood pH above normal may result in hypoventilation.

If NaOH were buffered by H-HCO₃, what would not occur?

Organization of the Body

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