Question 1

After kidney transplant, the intake of what dietary factor should be strictly limited to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and infection?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​lactose 
B)  ​simple carbohydrates 
C)  ​gluten 
D)  ​alcohol 
E)  ​protein 
A)  ​lactose 
B)  ​simple carbohydrates 
C)  ​gluten 
D)  ​alcohol 
E)  ​protein

Question 2

List the types of renal replacement therapy for CKD stage 5.

Accepted Answer

Currently two major types of r

Question 3

What food enhances the bioavailability of tacrolimus and cyclosporine?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​spinach 
B)  ​legumes 
C)  ​grapefruit 
D)  ​chocolate 
E)  ​tomatoes 
A)  ​spinach 
B)  ​legumes 
C)  ​grapefruit 
D)  ​chocolate 
E)  ​tomatoes

Question 4

Supplementation of _______________ soluble vitamins is typically indicated for HD and PD patients due to increased losses during dialysis, anorexia, and poor dietary intake.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Supplementation of _______________ soluble vitamins is typically...

Question 5

What structure in the kidney collects the glomerular filtrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​loop of Henle 
B)  ​efferent tubule 
C)  ​afferent tubule 
D)  ​Bowman's capsule 
E)  ​distal tubule 
A)  ​loop of Henle 
B)  ​efferent tubule 
C)  ​afferent tubule 
D)  ​Bowman's capsule 
E)  ​distal tubule

Question 6

Describe the procedure of hemodialysis.

Accepted Answer

​Since dialysis therapy requires access

Question 7

Medical and nutritional management of acute kidney injury typically aim to maintain BUN (blood urea nitrogen) in the range of:

Accepted Answer

A)  ​60-100 mg/dL 
B)  ​80-100 mg/dL 
C)  ​100-120 mg/dL 
D)  ​120-130 mg/dL 
E)  ​130-150 mg/dL 
A)  ​60-100 mg/dL 
B)  ​80-100 mg/dL 
C)  ​100-120 mg/dL 
D)  ​120-130 mg/dL 
E)  ​130-150 mg/dL

Question 8

In general, the hemodialysis diet is high in protein and controls intakes of potassium, phosphorus, fluids, and sodium.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

What fruits are low in potassium?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​banana, cantaloupe, figs 
B)  ​oranges, papayas, prunes 
C)  ​apples, grapes, raspberries 
D)  ​kiwis, mangos, nectarines 
E)  ​avocados, pomegranates, raisins 
A)  ​banana, cantaloupe, figs 
B)  ​oranges, papayas, prunes 
C)  ​apples, grapes, raspberries 
D)  ​kiwis, mangos, nectarines 
E)  ​avocados, pomegranates, raisins

Question 10

Because serum vitamin _______________ levels are elevated in HD and PD patients, supplementation is not necessary.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Because serum vitamin _______________ levels are elevated...

Question 11

Approximately how many kilocalories does KL require daily?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​1,840 kcal 
B)  ​1,930 kcal 
C)  ​2,050 kcal 
D)  ​2,200 kcal 
E)  ​2,700 kcal 
A)  ​1,840 kcal 
B)  ​1,930 kcal 
C)  ​2,050 kcal 
D)  ​2,200 kcal 
E)  ​2,700 kcal

Question 12

What percentage of HD patients develops ischemic heart disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​5% 
B)  ​10% 
C)  ​20% 
D)  ​30% 
E)  ​40% 
A)  ​5% 
B)  ​10% 
C)  ​20% 
D)  ​30% 
E)  ​40%

Question 13

_______________ is a renal replacement procedure that removes excessive and toxic by-products of metabolism from the blood, thus replacing the filtering function of healthy kidneys.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _______________ is a renal replacement procedure that...

Question 14

What is the recommended daily potassium intake for hemodialysis patients?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​10-11 g/day 
B)  ​8-9 g/day 
C)  ​6-7 g/day 
D)  ​4-5 g/day 
E)  ​2-3 g/day 
A)  ​10-11 g/day 
B)  ​8-9 g/day 
C)  ​6-7 g/day 
D)  ​4-5 g/day 
E)  ​2-3 g/day

Question 15

Describe the use of immunosuppressants for kidney transplants.

Accepted Answer

​Immunosuppressant medications such as c

Question 16

What hormone influences the reabsorption of sodium within the kidneys?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​aldosterone 
B)  ​vasopressin 
C)  ​cortisol 
D)  ​testosterone 
E)  epinephrine 
A)  ​aldosterone 
B)  ​vasopressin 
C)  ​cortisol 
D)  ​testosterone 
E)  epinephrine

Question 17

Most commonly, kidney function is measured by the _______________.

Accepted Answer

​glomerula

Question 18

What pituitary hormone works at the level of the collecting duct to either increase or decrease absorption of water in order to maintain plasma volume and thus blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​aldosterone 
B)  ​vasopressin 
C)  ​cortisol 
D)  ​testosterone 
E)  ​epinephrine 
A)  ​aldosterone 
B)  ​vasopressin 
C)  ​cortisol 
D)  ​testosterone 
E)  ​epinephrine

Question 19

Acute kidney injury is a disorder characterized by an abrupt increase in GFR that results in failure to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What percentage of American adults have physiological evidence of chronic kidney disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​5% 
B)  ​10% 
C)  ​15% 
D)  ​20% 
E)  ​25% 
A)  ​5% 
B)  ​10% 
C)  ​15% 
D)  ​20% 
E)  ​25%

Exam 18: Diseases of the Renal System

After kidney transplant, the intake of what dietary factor should be strictly limited to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and infection?

List the types of renal replacement therapy for CKD stage 5.

What food enhances the bioavailability of tacrolimus and cyclosporine?

Supplementation of _______________ soluble vitamins is typically indicated for HD and PD patients due to increased losses during dialysis, anorexia, and poor dietary intake.

What structure in the kidney collects the glomerular filtrate?

Describe the procedure of hemodialysis.

Medical and nutritional management of acute kidney injury typically aim to maintain BUN (blood urea nitrogen) in the range of:

In general, the hemodialysis diet is high in protein and controls intakes of potassium, phosphorus, fluids, and sodium.

What fruits are low in potassium?

Because serum vitamin _______________ levels are elevated in HD and PD patients, supplementation is not necessary.

Approximately how many kilocalories does KL require daily?

What percentage of HD patients develops ischemic heart disease?

_______________ is a renal replacement procedure that removes excessive and toxic by-products of metabolism from the blood, thus replacing the filtering function of healthy kidneys.

What is the recommended daily potassium intake for hemodialysis patients?

Describe the use of immunosuppressants for kidney transplants.

What hormone influences the reabsorption of sodium within the kidneys?

Most commonly, kidney function is measured by the _______________.

What pituitary hormone works at the level of the collecting duct to either increase or decrease absorption of water in order to maintain plasma volume and thus blood pressure?

Acute kidney injury is a disorder characterized by an abrupt increase in GFR that results in failure to maintain fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance.

What percentage of American adults have physiological evidence of chronic kidney disease?

Role of the Dietitian in the Health Care System

The Nutrition Care Process

Nutrition Assessment - Foundation of the Nutrition Care Process

Nutrition Intervention and Nutrition Monitoring and Evaluation

Enteral and Parental Nutrition Support

Documentation of the Nutrition Care Process

Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Acid Base Balance

Cellular and Physiological Response to Injury - the Role of the Immune System

Nutritional Genomics

Pharmacology

Diseases and Disorders of Energy Imbalance

Diseases of the Cardiovascular System

Diseases of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

Diseases of the Lower Gastrointenstinal Tract

Diseases of the Liver - Gallbladder - and Exocrine Pancreas

Diseases of the Endocrine System

Diseases of the Hematological System

Diseases and Disorders of the Neurological System

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Metabolic Stress and the Critically Ill

Neoplastic Disease

HIV and Aids

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System

Metabolic Disorders

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