Exam 18: Diseases of the Renal System

Patients with acute kidney injury are prone to loss of what type of amino acids?

What is the most likely source of his infection?

What is a build-up of nitrogenous waste products (such as urea) in the blood and body fluids called?

How many grams per serving of animal protein does the National Renal Diet recommend for people on kidney dialysis?

Describe the nutrition diagnoses that might coincide with CKD.

For kidney stones that are composed of uric acid, avoidance of what kind of food is recommended?

What is the prevalence of acute kidney injury in all hospitalized patients in the U.S.?

How long does the typical hemodialysis treatments take on average?

Triglyceride levels are particularly reduced in PD patients due to the absorption of glucose from the dialysate.

What is the leading cause of kidney failure?

What type of oral iron supplement causes less GI distress?

Corticosteroids, cyclosporine, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and sirolimus are all examples of what type of medication?

Deficiency of the active form of vitamin D is associated with impaired intestinal calcium absorption and secondary _______________.

African Americans are nearly four times as likely to develop kidney failure as white Americans.

List the common sources of oral iron supplements.

Waste products and excess fluids are removed from the body by the actions of diffusion, ultrafiltration, and _______________.

_______________ nephropathy is the most common cause of CKD in the United States.

Describe the signs and symptoms associated with inadequate kidney function..

The enzyme _______________ is produced by the kidney and is necessary for the initiation of the renin-angiotensin control of fluid balance.

What is a measure of both visceral protein status and acute-phase inflammatory response?