Question 1

Describe how a neuron passes its message on to another neuron and how this model ensures specificity.

Accepted Answer

​A neuron passes its message on to another neuron by releasing chemical neurotransmitters into the space between the two neurons, called the synapse. A presynaptic neuron sends the specific information, or impulse, and a postsynaptic neuron receives it. A neurotransmitter can stimulate a postsynaptic neuron only at specific receptor sites on its dendrites and soma. Receptor sites respond to only one type of neurotransmitter. This lock and key model ensures that specific neurotransmitters work only at specific kinds of synapses.

Question 2

Paraplegia is defined as paralysis involving the lower body below the _______________.

Accepted Answer

umbilicu

Question 3

Individuals with stroke do not experience the _______________ phase that is seen in the acute period after traumatic brain injury.

Accepted Answer

hypermetabolic​

Question 4

The term developmental delay is a catch-all phrase used to describe any lag in reaching age-appropriate developmental milestones.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Traumatic brain injuries are classified as either penetrating brain injuries or closed-head injuries.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Most inflammatory conditions of the spinal cord are treated with NSAIDs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Although the exact cause of Parkinson's disease is unclear, it results in the loss of serotonin-producing cells in the thalamus portion of the brain.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Endorphins are _______________ that naturally occur in the brain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Endorphins are _______________ that naturally occur in...

Question 9

What percentage of the population can expect to have a seizure within their lifetime?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​5% 
B)  ​10% 
C)  ​20% 
D)  ​30% 
E)  ​50% 
A)  ​5% 
B)  ​10% 
C)  ​20% 
D)  ​30% 
E)  ​50%

Question 10

In the United States, what demographic is at highest risk of stroke?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Asian Americans 
B)  ​African Americans 
C)  ​Caucasians (European ancestry) 
D)  ​Native Americans 
E)  ​Hispanics 
A)  ​Asian Americans 
B)  ​African Americans 
C)  ​Caucasians (European ancestry) 
D)  ​Native Americans 
E)  ​Hispanics

Question 11

The percentage of individuals relieved from seizures with anti-epileptic drugs is around _______________ percent.

Accepted Answer

The answer of  The percentage of individuals relieved from seizures...

Question 12

The major variations of ketogenic diets in use today include the classic ketogenic diet, the _______________ triglyceride diet, the low-glycemic-index treatment, and the modified Atkins diet.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The major variations of ketogenic diets in...

Question 13

What is likely the best way to feed KL while he is in the hospital?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​nasogastric tube 
B)  ​nasoenteric tube 
C)  ​parenteral nutrients 
D)  ​baby food orally 
E)  ​keep NPO (withhold oral food & fluids) 
A)  ​nasogastric tube 
B)  ​nasoenteric tube 
C)  ​parenteral nutrients 
D)  ​baby food orally 
E)  ​keep NPO (withhold oral food & fluids)

Question 14

Discuss the prevention of stroke and acute care following stroke.

Accepted Answer

Prevention of stroke through lifestyle c

Question 15

What is the best estimate for KL's protein needs?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​0.6-0.9 g/kg 
B)  ​0.9-1.1 g/kg 
C)  ​1.15 g/kg 
D)  ​1.2-1.5 g/kg 
E)  ​1.5-2.0 g/kg 
A)  ​0.6-0.9 g/kg 
B)  ​0.9-1.1 g/kg 
C)  ​1.15 g/kg 
D)  ​1.2-1.5 g/kg 
E)  ​1.5-2.0 g/kg

Question 16

Define Guillain-Barré syndrome.

Accepted Answer

​Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS)

Question 17

List the two forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

Accepted Answer

​Two distinct forms of ALS exi

Question 18

What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​endocrine and exocrine 
B)  ​upper and lower 
C)  ​sympathetic and parasympathetic 
D)  ​central and peripheral 
E)  ​voluntary and involuntary 
A)  ​endocrine and exocrine 
B)  ​upper and lower 
C)  ​sympathetic and parasympathetic 
D)  ​central and peripheral 
E)  ​voluntary and involuntary

Question 19

What is the strongest known risk factor for MS?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​cigarette smoking 
B)  ​genetics 
C)  ​obesity 
D)  ​living in northern climates 
E)  ​vegetarian diet 
A)  ​cigarette smoking 
B)  ​genetics 
C)  ​obesity 
D)  ​living in northern climates 
E)  ​vegetarian diet

Question 20

What is the only current medicinal treatment for ALS, which appears to affect the release of the neurotransmitter glutamate?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​riluzole 
B)  ​benserazide 
C)  ​carbidopa 
D)  ​levodopa 
E)  ​immunoglobulin 
A)  ​riluzole 
B)  ​benserazide 
C)  ​carbidopa 
D)  ​levodopa 
E)  ​immunoglobulin

Exam 20: Diseases and Disorders of the Neurological System

Describe how a neuron passes its message on to another neuron and how this model ensures specificity.

Paraplegia is defined as paralysis involving the lower body below the _______________.

Individuals with stroke do not experience the _______________ phase that is seen in the acute period after traumatic brain injury.

The term developmental delay is a catch-all phrase used to describe any lag in reaching age-appropriate developmental milestones.

Traumatic brain injuries are classified as either penetrating brain injuries or closed-head injuries.

Most inflammatory conditions of the spinal cord are treated with NSAIDs.

Although the exact cause of Parkinson's disease is unclear, it results in the loss of serotonin-producing cells in the thalamus portion of the brain.

Endorphins are _______________ that naturally occur in the brain.

What percentage of the population can expect to have a seizure within their lifetime?

In the United States, what demographic is at highest risk of stroke?​

The percentage of individuals relieved from seizures with anti-epileptic drugs is around _______________ percent.

The major variations of ketogenic diets in use today include the classic ketogenic diet, the _______________ triglyceride diet, the low-glycemic-index treatment, and the modified Atkins diet.

What is likely the best way to feed KL while he is in the hospital?​

Discuss the prevention of stroke and acute care following stroke.

What is the best estimate for KL's protein needs?​

Define Guillain-Barré syndrome.

List the two forms of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).

What are the two branches of the autonomic nervous system?

What is the strongest known risk factor for MS?

What is the only current medicinal treatment for ALS, which appears to affect the release of the neurotransmitter glutamate?

Role of the Dietitian in the Health Care System

The Nutrition Care Process

Nutrition Assessment - Foundation of the Nutrition Care Process

Nutrition Intervention and Nutrition Monitoring and Evaluation

Enteral and Parental Nutrition Support

Documentation of the Nutrition Care Process

Fluid and Electrolyte Balance

Acid Base Balance

Cellular and Physiological Response to Injury - the Role of the Immune System

Nutritional Genomics

Pharmacology

Diseases and Disorders of Energy Imbalance

Diseases of the Cardiovascular System

Diseases of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

Diseases of the Lower Gastrointenstinal Tract

Diseases of the Liver - Gallbladder - and Exocrine Pancreas

Diseases of the Endocrine System

Diseases of the Renal System

Diseases of the Hematological System

Diseases of the Respiratory System

Metabolic Stress and the Critically Ill

Neoplastic Disease

HIV and Aids

Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System

Metabolic Disorders

Filters

In the United States, what demographic is at highest risk of stroke?

What is likely the best way to feed KL while he is in the hospital?

What is the best estimate for KL's protein needs?