Exam 25: Diseases of the Musculoskeletal System

Inadequate _______________ intake during growth will result in suboptimal development of peak bone mass and increased risk of osteoporosis in the latter decades of life.

What compound makes up 85% of the inorganic or mineral component of bone?

There are several factors known to increase the risk of some arthritic conditions, three of which are modifiable: overweight, _______________, and infections.

Osteoporosis is the most common bone disease in humans.

The average adult body contains about 500-800 g of _______________ and 85%-90% of this is in the bones.

Rickets is a disease of _______________, whereas osteomalacia develops in _______________.

Rickets is characterized by inadequate maturation and mineralization of the cartilaginous growth plate and inadequate mineralization of the organic matrix within the bones of children.

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that beginning at 2 months of age, exclusively breastfed infants be given a daily multivitamin supplement containing how much vitamin D?

What is the most common cause of rickets?​

What type of bone-removing cells dissolve the mineral component of the bone matrix and play a major role in bone resorption?

Compared with females, arthritic conditions are diagnosed more frequently in males, who account for 85% of cases in persons age 15 years and older.

What non-permanent factor is most related to KL's condition?​

Outline the difference between rickets, osteomalacia and osteoporosis.

Bone mineral density (BMD) is best measured using _______________.

Describe the causes of secondary osteoporosis.

What crystals precipitate out of the blood and become lodged in and around joints, causing gout?​

Carpopedal spasm results from tetany occurring in the hands and feet and can be a sign of what?​

Increased secretion of _______________ stimulates the removal of mineral from the organic matrix of bone in order to raise the serum calcium concentration, but also results in a weakening of bone.

Which of the following is a naturally occurring form of vitamin D produced in human skin?

What type of arthritic condition may benefit from supplementing with glucosamine and chondroitin?