Exam 8: Acid Base Balance

List the 3 ways the body accommodates all the hydrogen ions it produces.

Respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, result in inability to maintain adequate oxygenation or release of _______________.

_______________ present in the plasma can act as buffers; their contribution is most important intracellularly.

Discuss the etiology of metabolic alkalosis.

Assessment of acid-base balance requires more than simply examining laboratory values.

Carbonic _______________ inhibitors such as the drug acetazolamide can result in excessive loss of base while inhibiting production of carbonic acid in the kidney.

When assessing acid-base balance, the _______________ response is determined first, but an investigation of the _______________ response or compensation as well allows for a complete assessment.

Lactic acidosis occurs as a result of increased production of lactate or ketoacids.

Explain the pH scale.

Explain Kussmaul breathing.

To maintain pH, a healthy, normal functioning kidney will reabsorb the majority of:

The kidney  uses _______________ and _______________ as buffers because it cannot excrete bicarbonate at the same time as hydrogen ions.

Catecholamines are drugs that can cause what type of acid-base imbalance?

The _______________ represents the difference between unmeasured anions and cations.

What is the most predominant base involved in human acid-base balance?

Acidemia is the actual decrease in pH within the body to:

What ions do NOT cross the blood-brain barrier?

What does the anion gap measure?

What is the most common cause of metabolic acidosis?

With diabetic ketoacidosis, metabolic acidosis occurs due to an inability to metabolize: