Question 1

What is the primary indication that Mr. X has an acid-base disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​mildly elevated creatinine 
B)  ​mildly low sodium 
C)  ​borderline low albumin 
D)  ​ high blood pH 
E)  ​borderline high bicarbonate 
A)  ​mildly elevated creatinine 
B)  ​mildly low sodium 
C)  ​borderline low albumin 
D)  ​ high blood pH 
E)  ​borderline high bicarbonate

Question 2

How many major types of simple acid-base disorders exist?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​two 
B)  ​three 
C)  ​four 
D)  ​five 
E)  ​six 
A)  ​two 
B)  ​three 
C)  ​four 
D)  ​five 
E)  ​six

Question 3

What is the best definition of metabolic alkalosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​condition resulting from either retention of cations or loss of nonvolatile acid 
B)  ​condition resulting from either retention of bicarbonate or calcium 
C)  ​condition resulting from either retention of bicarbonate or loss of nonvolatile acids 
D)  ​a kidney disease resulting in hyperventilation 
E)  ​a liver disease resulting in reduced respiration 
A)  ​condition resulting from either retention of cations or loss of nonvolatile acid 
B)  ​condition resulting from either retention of bicarbonate or calcium 
C)  ​condition resulting from either retention of bicarbonate or loss of nonvolatile acids 
D)  ​a kidney disease resulting in hyperventilation 
E)  ​a liver disease resulting in reduced respiration

Question 4

What condition occurs when the retention of carbon dioxide causes an excess of acid in relationship to base?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​metabolic alkalosis 
B)  ​ metabolic acidosis 
C)  ​increase in blood pH 
D)  ​respiratory alkalosis 
E)  ​respiratory acidosis 
A)  ​metabolic alkalosis 
B)  ​ metabolic acidosis 
C)  ​increase in blood pH 
D)  ​respiratory alkalosis 
E)  ​respiratory acidosis

Question 5

Describe the abbreviation pK.

Accepted Answer

​pK is the constant degree of

Question 6

Describe the role of acids in the human body.

Accepted Answer

​Substances that can donate or give up h

Question 7

Water is considered neutral pH at _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Water is considered neutral pH at _______________....

Question 8

Poisoning from the consumption of ethylene glycol (antifreeze) leads to:

Accepted Answer

A)  ​metabolic alkalosis 
B)  ​metabolic acidosis 
C)  ​respiratory alkalosis 
D)  ​respiratory acidosis 
E)  ​lactic acidosis 
A)  ​metabolic alkalosis 
B)  ​metabolic acidosis 
C)  ​respiratory alkalosis 
D)  ​respiratory acidosis 
E)  ​lactic acidosis

Question 9

Nonvolatile or _______________ acids are produced as end products of carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nonvolatile or _______________ acids are produced as...

Question 10

The concentration of _______________ is used to measure acidity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The concentration of _______________ is used to...

Question 11

Sleep apnea can potentially cause which acid-base disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​respiratory alkalosis 
B)  ​respiratory acidosis 
C)  ​metabolic alkalosis 
D)  ​metabolic acidosis 
E)  ​kidney disease 
A)  ​respiratory alkalosis 
B)  ​respiratory acidosis 
C)  ​metabolic alkalosis 
D)  ​metabolic acidosis 
E)  ​kidney disease

Question 12

Metabolic alkalosis and respiratory acidosis may occur when a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease receives _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Metabolic alkalosis and respiratory acidosis may occur...

Question 13

What compensatory disorder could Mr. X develop?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​metabolic alkalosis 
B)  ​metabolic acidosis 
C)  ​respiratory alkalosis 
D)  ​respiratory acidosis 
E)  ​lactic acidosis 
A)  ​metabolic alkalosis 
B)  ​metabolic acidosis 
C)  ​respiratory alkalosis 
D)  ​respiratory acidosis 
E)  ​lactic acidosis

Question 14

There are no specific signs and symptoms for metabolic _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of There are no specific signs and symptoms...

Question 15

What do acidic substances "donate" in chemical reactions?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​oxygen atoms 
B)  ​hydrogen ions 
C)  ​protons 
D)  ​carbon atoms 
E)  ​chloride ions 
A)  ​oxygen atoms 
B)  ​hydrogen ions 
C)  ​protons 
D)  ​carbon atoms 
E)  ​chloride ions

Question 16

The primary buffer in extracellular fluid (ECF) is the _______________ buffer system.

Accepted Answer

bicarbonat

Question 17

Symptoms of metabolic acidosis may include changes in respiration, such as _______________ breathing.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Symptoms of metabolic acidosis may include changes...

Question 18

What is the reference range for the calculated anion gap?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​0.1-0.9 mEq/L 
B)  ​1.0-2.9 mEq/L 
C)  ​5.0-6.5 mEq/L 
D)  ​8-16 mEq/L 
E)  ​10-25 mEq/L 
A)  ​0.1-0.9 mEq/L 
B)  ​1.0-2.9 mEq/L 
C)  ​5.0-6.5 mEq/L 
D)  ​8-16 mEq/L 
E)  ​10-25 mEq/L

Question 19

_______________ acids are those that can be converted to a gaseous form and eliminated by the lungs.

Accepted Answer

The answer of  _______________ acids are those that can be...

Question 20

Changes in respiration result in rapid changes in CO2 levels in infants due to their:

Accepted Answer

A)  ​under-developed kidneys 
B)  ​immature immune systems 
C)  ​small livers 
D)  ​small lung capacities 
E)  ​tiny mouths 
A)  ​under-developed kidneys 
B)  ​immature immune systems 
C)  ​small livers 
D)  ​small lung capacities 
E)  ​tiny mouths

Exam 8: Acid Base Balance

What is the primary indication that Mr. X has an acid-base disorder?

How many major types of simple acid-base disorders exist?

What is the best definition of metabolic alkalosis?

What condition occurs when the retention of carbon dioxide causes an excess of acid in relationship to base?

Describe the abbreviation pK.

Describe the role of acids in the human body.

Water is considered neutral pH at _______________.

Poisoning from the consumption of ethylene glycol (antifreeze) leads to:

Nonvolatile or _______________ acids are produced as end products of carbohydrate, protein, and lipid metabolism.

The concentration of _______________ is used to measure acidity.

Sleep apnea can potentially cause which acid-base disorder?

Metabolic alkalosis and respiratory acidosis may occur when a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease receives _______________.

What compensatory disorder could Mr. X develop?

There are no specific signs and symptoms for metabolic _______________.

What do acidic substances "donate" in chemical reactions?

The primary buffer in extracellular fluid (ECF) is the _______________ buffer system.

Symptoms of metabolic acidosis may include changes in respiration, such as _______________ breathing.

What is the reference range for the calculated anion gap?

_______________ acids are those that can be converted to a gaseous form and eliminated by the lungs.

Changes in respiration result in rapid changes in CO2 levels in infants due to their:

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